RESUMEN
Comprehensive anthropometric and densitometric study using the dual x-ray absorptiometry was conducted to determine the relationship between the mineral density of bone tissue and somatotype in 360 women aged 20 to 87 years, permanently residing in the Republic of Karelia. Significant direct correlation was detected between the somatotype and the amount of mineral substances in the vertebrae, bone mineral density and the area of the lumbar vertebrae. Bone mineral density level of the lumbar vertebrae was higher in women with europlastic and athletic somatotypes, which were characterized by high values of body mass and length, body muscle and fat mass. Low values of bone mineral density of vertebrae were identified in women belonging to subathletic, mesoplastic and stenoplastic somatotypes. The risk of developing osteopenia and osteoporosis is increased in women with low body muscle mass.
Asunto(s)
Densidad Ósea , Somatotipos , Columna Vertebral/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
Morphological characteristics of spine cervical region were studied in 132 patients (62 female and 70 male) aged 12-76 years using magnetic resonance tomography. The imaging was performed with the use of T1 and T2--weighting regimes. The study revealed sex- and age-dependent differences in the dimensions of cervical vertebrae. Height and sagittal dimensions of vertebral bodies were significantly smaller in females than in males. With advancing age the reduction in vertebral body height was more expressed in women, while the increase of vertebral body sagittal dimensions was similar in both males and females. The sagittal dimension of vertebral canal was correlated with sagittal dimension of vertebral body (r = 0.69) in males and with transverse dimension of vertebral body (r = 0.82) in females. The data obtained should be taken into consideration during evaluation of the state of bony structures of cervical vertebrae, intervertebral discs and in the diagnosis of pathological processes in the spine cervical region.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento/fisiología , Columna Vertebral/anatomía & histología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Vértebras Cervicales/anatomía & histología , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Disco Intervertebral/anatomía & histología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
In rats under acute hypothermia, tetanic tension of the medial m. gastrocnemius had a higher amplitude.
Asunto(s)
Frío , Hipotermia Inducida/efectos adversos , Contracción Muscular/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Animales , Femenino , Inmersión , Ratas , RecalentamientoRESUMEN
The time parameters and amplitude of the m.gastrocnemius contraction in rats were studied under conditions of acute hypothermia. The contraction time was found to increase whereas the contraction force decreased in acute hypothermia.