RESUMEN
The authors have investigated the levels of free amino acids and of the total fraction of medium molecules in the blood serum of patients with the paranoid form of continuously progressive schizophrenia. It has been demonstrated that these parameters are different in clinically normal individuals versus schizophrenics. The concentrations of free amino acids were the highest in people aged 40 to 50 years (Cys, Ala, Lys, Asp, Thr, Tyr, Try, Val, Leu, Ile) being considerably lower in individuals aged 50 to 60 years (Cys, Ala, Tyr) and over 60 years (Lys, His, Asp, Tyr, Try) which corresponds to the highest activity of the process in patients aged 40 to 50 years and its stabilization in older age.
Asunto(s)
Aminoácidos/sangre , Péptidos/sangre , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/sangre , Adulto , Envejecimiento/sangre , Clorpromazina/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Peso Molecular , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Trifluoperazina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
An increase in the amount of the middle molecular peptide (MM) fraction in the blood serum of rats with experimental toxic hepatitis and normalization of the MM pool after the administration of the amino acid mixture Alvesin "Novy" are shown. The chromatographic spectra of the MM fraction in normal and experimental animals are compared.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/sangre , Toxinas Biológicas/sangre , Aminoácidos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Intoxicación por Tetracloruro de Carbono/sangre , Intoxicación por Tetracloruro de Carbono/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/tratamiento farmacológico , Cromatografía en Gel , Masculino , RatasRESUMEN
The levels of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (RT3), thyroxine-binding capacity (TBC), a free thyroxine index (FT4I) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were studied by a radioimmunoassay in the blood of healthy schoolchildren aged 14 to 17 with stage I-II of thyroid hyperplasia residing in a mountain region of the Transcarpathian area, the Ukrainian SSR, with noticeable environmental iodine deficiency. Similar studies were conducted in a lowland region with a sufficient iodine level. A decrease in the concentration of T4, T3, RT3 and FT4I and higher TBC and TSH values were established in the healthy schoolchildren from the mountain region as compared to corresponding values in the schoolchildren from the lowland region indicating a lower level of homeostasis of thyroid hormones in the mountain region. A decrease in indices of thyroid function was observed in hyperplasia as compared to indices of the healthy, schoolchildren (T3 and TSH levels were higher) both in the mountain and lowland regions. More pronounced shifts were revealed in the blood of the schoolchildren from the mountain region. Less iodine was excreted with daily urine in the healthy schoolchildren from the mountain region than in the schoolchildren from the lowland region. Schoolchildren with hyperplasia excreted less iodine than healthy children, iodine excretion being lower in the schoolchildren from the mountain region. The results obtained suggested the hypothyroid nature of thyroid hyperplasia in the mountain region. The importance of iodine prophylaxis was emphasized.
Asunto(s)
Yodo/deficiencia , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/fisiopatología , Glándula Tiroides/fisiopatología , Adolescente , Geografía , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Yodo/orina , Tirotropina/sangre , Tiroxina/sangre , Triyodotironina/sangre , UcraniaRESUMEN
Experimental acute toxic hepatitis causes functional reconstruction of the thyroid gland accompanied by intensified levels of total iodine and its hormonal compounds in blood. In most of non-thyroid tissues a decrease in the total and hormonal iodine content is revealed, but in kidneys these indices are considerably higher. The level of the nonhormonal iodine compounds in blood and tissues under study does not essentially vary and only in the liver, heart and lungs the expressed lowering of inorganic iodides is observed.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/metabolismo , Yodo/metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides/metabolismo , Hormonas Tiroideas/metabolismo , Animales , Riñón/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratas , Distribución TisularRESUMEN
Free amino acids reserves in the brain tissue, nuclei and mitochondria were investigated in mongrel albino rats under conditions of hyperthermia (45 degrees C) of different duration--7,20 and 60 min. It was found that reserves of most free amino acids in the albino rat brain decreased under a short-term (7 min) hyperthermia and accumulated under more prolonged (20-60 min) one. The amount of amino acids in the brain mitochondria increased 7 min after the experiment start and decreased 20 min later, then (60 min later) the amount of most amino acids increased considerably. Opposite shifts were detected in the content of most amino acids in nuclei.
Asunto(s)
Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Hipertermia Inducida , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Fracciones Subcelulares/metabolismo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Studies have been made on the content of free amino acids in the brain of the pike Esox lucius, frog Rana ridibunda, pheasant Phasinus colhidus, hare Lepus europaeus, as well as their distribution in the white and grey matter of healthy human subjects. Differences in the distribution of free amino acid pool were found between man and animals. In the grey matter of human brain, large quantities of free ornithine, phenylalanine, lysine, serine, glycine, alanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, methionine, leucine and isoleucine, as well as lower level of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and threonine were found as compared to the white matter. The content of ornithine, serine and threonine increases in the row birds greater than fishes greater than man greater than mammals greater than amphibians; histidine and arginine pool increases in the following sequence: birds greater than fishes greater than mammals greater than amphibians greater than man.
Asunto(s)
Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Adulto , Aminoácidos/análisis , Animales , Aves , Química Encefálica , Peces , Humanos , Lagomorpha , Persona de Mediana Edad , Rana ridibunda , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Distribution of free amino acids reserves in the brain tissues, nuclei and mitochondria of rats is studied in ontogenesis dynamics. It is established that the content of most amino acids in tissues and mitochondria increases by the 6-month age, lowers in the brain tissues and subcellular structures by the 12-month age, decreases in the tissues and nuclei and grows in mitochondria of old animals. The reasons of disbalance in distribution of the reserves of free amino acids are under discussion.
Asunto(s)
Aminoácidos/análisis , Encéfalo/crecimiento & desarrollo , Envejecimiento , Animales , Química Encefálica , Núcleo Celular/análisis , Mitocondrias/análisis , RatasRESUMEN
A comparative study is conducted for the effect of one-, three- and six-hour artificial deep (20-19 degrees C) hypothermia on the content of free amino acids in the blood serum, tissue, nuclei and mitochondria of the rat brain. It is found out that the content is the highest in the blood serum after a three-hour cooling. In the brain tissue the amount of amino acids lowers, especially under conditions of a six-hour hypothermia. In nuclei a three-hour effect of hypothermia decreases sharply the content of free amino acids and the six-hour one increases the amount of most of them. Under hypothermia the content of nearly all amino acids in the brain mitochondria is higher than in the intact animals.
Asunto(s)
Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Hipotermia/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/sangre , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
By the spectrophotometric method the age changes of total iodine content, its hormonal and non-hormonal compounds in rats and men tissues (muscles, liver, kidney, heart, lungs, brain, spleen and blood) have been studied. It was established that the total iodine content decreased at the expense of the protein-bound iodine concentration and also of the butyl-alcohol extractable iodine. The exchange of thyroid hormones intensity lowered.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Yodo/metabolismo , Hormonas Tiroideas/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Humanos , Yodo/análisis , Persona de Mediana Edad , Unión Proteica , Ratas , Valores de Referencia , Hormonas Tiroideas/análisis , Distribución TisularRESUMEN
Dynamics of free amino acid reserves in newborn 3, 6, 12 and 24-month rats was studied in ontogenesis. At all stages of postnatal life they get distributed differently in the liver and blood serum. Both individual and common peculiarities of amino acidic reserve distribution are marked.
Asunto(s)
Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Hígado/crecimiento & desarrollo , Envejecimiento , Aminoácidos/sangre , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , RatasRESUMEN
Single short-term physical loading as swimming and race in the treadmill evoke in rats changes in the total iodine amount, intensify the hormonogenic function of thyroid gland with hormonal iodine enrichment of tissues and metabolism of thyroid hormones. All these processes become more intensive when the duration of loads increases and they become weaker during 80 min swimming. The short-term swimming evokes more intensive mobilization and redistribution of iodine reserve in rats than race. The indices under study change to a greater extent with the long-term race in a treadmill.
Asunto(s)
Yodo/metabolismo , Esfuerzo Físico , Animales , Cinética , Ratas , Natación , Factores de Tiempo , Distribución TisularRESUMEN
Experiments on 30 rabbits, as well as clinical studies on 180 patients with cerebral circulation disorders were carried out. It was found that in patients with hypertensive disease complication, thyroid hyperactivity was observed only in the age group of 35 to 45 years. It was also found that in the patients with hypertensive disease and the complications of the latter, repeated stresses intensified the neurosecretory functions of the hypophysis and the hypothalamus: this, in its turn, influenced the hormone-synthetizing function of the thyroid. The chronic hyperthyroid syndrome present in those patients led to an increased oxygen consumption by tissues, slowed down the electron transport along the respiratory chain, increased the content of iodine and protein, and intensified the effects of pressor agents, i. e. aggravated the symptoms of the hypertensive disease. All those factors play a definite role in the mechanism of the development of the cerebral circulation disorders in hypertensive patients.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/fisiopatología , Glándula Tiroides/fisiopatología , Adulto , Animales , Hemorragia Cerebral/fisiopatología , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/etiología , Humanos , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Hipertensión Renal/complicaciones , Hipertiroidismo/complicaciones , Hipertiroidismo/fisiopatología , Arteriosclerosis Intracraneal/fisiopatología , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , ConejosRESUMEN
Distribution of the content of cerebrosides in the rat tissues is established to be nonuniform for the series brain greater than spleen greater than lungs greater than liver greater than kidneys greater than heart greater than muscles. In the new born animals only traces of cerebrosides and considerable amounts of gangliosides are found. In the process of the morphological and functional maturing all the tissues get enriched by cerebrosides (till 45 days) and gangliosides (by 15 days) with their content decrease in certain tissues in the process of ageing. Experimental hypothyrosis is accompanied by a fall of the total content and a decrease in the amount of hormonal iodine in the tissues, the decrease being more significant in young animals. The age dynamics of the glycolipid content inthe tissues is maintained, but their highest accumulation is delayed and does not reach the maximum characteristics of the intact animals.
Asunto(s)
Glucolípidos/metabolismo , Hipotiroidismo/metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides/fisiología , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Cerebrósidos/metabolismo , Gangliósidos/metabolismo , Riñón/metabolismo , Hígado/metabolismo , Pulmón/metabolismo , Músculos/metabolismo , Miocardio/metabolismo , Ratas , Bazo/metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides/crecimiento & desarrollo , Distribución TisularAsunto(s)
Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Quemaduras/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/sangre , Quemaduras/sangre , HumanosRESUMEN
The functional state of the thyroid gland was studied in 160 patients with different forms of disturbed cerebral circulation. The observations included studies of the iodine content and its fractions in the blood serum and a scanning of the thyroid gland. The author established the significance of thyroid gland dysfunction in the pathogenesis of hypertensive disease and cerebro-vascular insufficiency. In patients with hypertensive crises these studies detected the existence of a hyperthyroid syndrome. It was also found that in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency accompanied by thyroid gland dysfunctions the clinical picture becomes more aggravated.