RESUMEN
Obesity is highly prevalent in breast cancer (BC) survivors. Adipose tissue promotes inflammation, affecting recurrence, morbidity, and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the relationship of body composition parameters with the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in female BC survivors. Additionally, we evaluated the association of log-transformed serum concentrations of CRP and IL-6 with the appendicular skeletal lean mass index (ASMI). The results showed that CRP was positively associated with body fat percentage (BFP; ß adjusted = .08, 95% CI: .02-.14) in all participants, and with fat mass index (FMI; ß = .24, 95% CI: .08-.40) only in premenopausal women. IL-6 was positively associated with FMI (ß adjusted = .16, 95% CI: .03-.29), while ASMI decreased as CRP levels increased (ß adjusted = -.30, 95% CI: -.53 to -.06). Interventions to improve body composition in BC survivors should also consider the role of inflammatory markers in changes in body composition to avoid sarcopenic obesity (SO) and the risk of BC recurrence.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Supervivientes de Cáncer , Humanos , Femenino , Interleucina-6 , Proteína C-Reactiva , Neoplasias de la Mama/complicaciones , Calidad de Vida , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/complicaciones , Composición Corporal , Obesidad/complicaciones , Sobrevivientes , Índice de Masa CorporalRESUMEN
Recombinant hybrid antibodies are commonly used in antigen-targeting assays to reduce the immunogenic potential associated with using classic mouse antibodies in other species. The DEC205 receptor has become an attractive target due to its effectiveness in activating the immune response and is considered a promising vaccination target. The aim of this study was to produce a fully chimeric mouse x pig anti-porcine DEC205 recombinant antibody (rAb). Based on a mouse anti-porcine DEC205 monoclonal antibody (mAb), we designed and expressed a chimeric mouse x pig rAb using the Expi293f system. The resulting rAb maintained the recognition capacity of the native mouse mAb toward the porcine DEC205 receptor, as evidenced by western blot analysis. By using flow cytometry, we evaluated the ability of the rAb to recognize DEC205+ dendritic cells. In conclusion, the chimeric mouse x pig anti-DEC205 rAb can be used in antigen-targeting assays as a vaccination strategy in pigs.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/biosíntesis , Antígenos CD/inmunología , Lectinas Tipo C/inmunología , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Menor/inmunología , Receptores de Superficie Celular/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/inmunología , Ratones , Proteínas Recombinantes/biosíntesis , Proteínas Recombinantes/inmunología , PorcinosRESUMEN
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) cannot be infected by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) but respond to infection via cytokine production, indicating a possible role in initiation/regulation of the immune response against PRRSV. In this work, we evaluated the responses of splenic and blood cDCs, with DEC205+CADM1+CD172a+/- phenotype, as well as those of CD163+ cells against PRRSV and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Both populations were incubated in the presence of PRRSV or PEDV with and without naïve CD3+ T cells, and cytokine responses were evaluated by qPCR and ELISA. Our results showed that cDCs, but not CD163+ cells, produced IL-12 in response to PRRSV. PEDV did not induce IL-12 production. Cocultures of cDCs and autologous naïve CD3+ cells resulted in decreased IL-12 production and low expression of IFN-γ transcripts in response to PRRSV. Interestingly, cDCs increased the proliferation of naïve T cells in the presence of PRRSV compared with that achieved with monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Cocultures of CD163+ cells induced IL-10 and IL-4 expression in the presence of PRRSV and PEDV, respectively. In conclusion, cDCs can selectively produce IL-12 in response to PRRSV but poorly participate in the activation of naïve T cells.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus/veterinaria , Células Dendríticas/inmunología , Síndrome Respiratorio y de la Reproducción Porcina/inmunología , Linfocitos T , Animales , Antígenos CD/sangre , Antígenos de Diferenciación Mielomonocítica/sangre , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Celular/sangre , Infecciones por Coronavirus/inmunología , Citocinas/sangre , Células Dendríticas/virología , Interleucina-10/sangre , Interleucina-12/sangre , Interleucina-4/sangre , Leucocitos Mononucleares/inmunología , Leucocitos Mononucleares/virología , Monocitos/inmunología , Monocitos/virología , Virus de la Diarrea Epidémica Porcina , Virus del Síndrome Respiratorio y Reproductivo Porcino , Cultivo Primario de Células , Receptores de Superficie Celular/sangre , Bazo/citología , Bazo/inmunología , Bazo/virología , Porcinos , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/inmunología , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/virología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Linfocitos T/virologíaRESUMEN
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infects monocyte-derived DCs, and previous reports have shown that PRRSV does not infect conventional DCs (cDCs) in vitro, but the effects on cDCs from lymphoid tissues are unknown. This study analyzed the response and susceptibility of tonsil DEC205+cDCs from infected pigs. We confirmed the phenotype and lineage of bona fide tonsil cDCs with the mRNA expression of FLT3+ and the phenotype MHCII+CADM1highDEC205+ (DEC205+cDCs). These cells were not infected by PRRSV, whereas CD163+ tonsil cells were infected. The numbers of tonsil cDCs and CD163+ cells were not affected by PRRSV, in contrast to the reduction in alveolar macrophage numbers. DEC205+cDCs exhibited an increase in the expression of IL-12 at 5 days postinfection, suggesting a proinflammatory response by these cells to the virus. In summary, this study confirms that, in vitro and in vivo, cDCs are not susceptible to PRRSV but can respond against it.
Asunto(s)
Células Dendríticas/virología , Tonsila Palatina/citología , Síndrome Respiratorio y de la Reproducción Porcina/virología , Virus del Síndrome Respiratorio y Reproductivo Porcino/fisiología , Animales , Antígenos CD/genética , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Celular/genética , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Celular/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/inmunología , Interleucina-12/genética , Interleucina-12/metabolismo , Lectinas Tipo C/genética , Lectinas Tipo C/metabolismo , Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Menor/genética , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Menor/metabolismo , Síndrome Respiratorio y de la Reproducción Porcina/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Receptores de Superficie Celular/genética , Receptores de Superficie Celular/metabolismo , Porcinos , Tirosina Quinasa 3 Similar a fms/genética , Tirosina Quinasa 3 Similar a fms/metabolismoRESUMEN
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are divided into the following different subtypes: cDC1, which promotes a Th1 response, and cDC2, which stimulates a Th2 and Th17 response. These cells have not been characterized in porcine lymphoid tissues. DEC205 is a receptor that increases antigen presentation and allows DCs to cross-present antigens. The objectives of this work were to characterize cDCs subsets in the tonsil, submaxillary and mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen lymphoid tissues and to determine their expression of DEC205 by flow cytometry. The cDC1 (MHCIIhighCADM1highCD172a-/low) and cDC2 (MHCIIhighCADM1highCD172a+) phenotypes were confirmed by the expression of characteristic cDC1 and cDC2 transcripts (FLT3, XCR1 and FCER1α). Among all lymphoid tissues, the spleen had the highest frequency of total cDCs. The cDC1:cDC2 ratio showed that all lymph tissues had higher levels of cDC1 than levels of cDC2. DEC205+ cDCs were found in all analyzed tissues, albeit with different frequencies. Our research will facilitate the study on the function of these cells and the investigation of the strategies for DEC205 targeting and functional studies.
Asunto(s)
Células Dendríticas/citología , Ganglios Linfáticos/citología , Tonsila Palatina/citología , Bazo/citología , Porcinos/inmunología , Animales , Células Dendríticas/inmunología , Ganglios Linfáticos/inmunología , Tonsila Palatina/inmunología , Bazo/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Reconocer la relación entre el tipo de lactancia materna y el riesgo de asma bronquial. Estudio de casos y controles. Los casos (asmáticos, n = 31) y controles (no asmáticos, n = 79) se seleccionaron de una muestra no probabilística de tipo occidental. El análisis se realizó por regresión múltiple. Dos comunidades de los Estados Lara y Yaracuy, entre 1998 y 1999. La lactancia materna complementaria, así como la suplementaria se asociaron a mayor riesgo de presentar el diagnóstico de asma bronquial (razones de posibilidades iguales a 4,5 y 17,8 respectivamente). La lactancia materna exclusiva parece asociarse a protección contra el asma bronquial, por lo que debe ser promovida en las comunidades.