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The objective of this work was to optimize the spray drying of pequi pulp using maltodextrin as carrier agent and Tween 80 as surfactant agent. A central composite rotatable design was used to evaluate the influence of inlet air temperature (140 to 200°C), maltodextrin (15 to 30%) and surfactant (0 to 5%) concentration on the process performance and physicochemical and nutritional properties of the dried powdered pulp. The dependent variables were process yield (27.4 - 51.7%), outlet air temperature (106.5 - 135°C), energetic efficiency (29.9 - 44.8%), moisture content (0.25 - 1.43%), water activity (0.09 to 0.21), hygroscopicity (9.1 - 12.1 g adsorbed moisture/100g dry matter), vitamin C content (129.8 - 303.0 mg/g solids pequi) and total carotenoids content (8.2 - 94.9 mg carotenoids/g solids pequi). The spray drying of pequi pulp was optimized for maximum vitamin C and total carotenoids content using response surface methodology, which were attained at 152°C, surfactant concentration of 1% and maltodextrin concentration of 18%. The characterization of the pequi pulp powder obtained at the optimized condition evaluating the particles sizes, bulk density and porosity. The morphology showed spherical and smooth particles with several sizes.

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UNLABELLED: Mussel meat was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using Protamex. The relationship of temperature (46 to 64 degrees C), enzyme : substrate ratio (0.48% to 5.52%), and pH (6.7 to 8.3) to the degree of hydrolysis were determined. The surface response methodology showed that the optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of mussel meat were pH 6.85, temperature 51 degrees C, and enzyme : substrate ratio of 4.5%. Under these conditions a degree of hydrolysis of 26.5% and protein recovery of 65% were obtained. The produced hydrolysate, under optimum condition, was characterized in terms of chemical composition, electrophoretic profile, and amino acid composition. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The practical application of mussel meat hydrolysate is its use as flavoring in products such as soups, sauces, and special beverages. In addition, the product is partially digested and has great nutritional value due to its good amino acid profile and thus can be used as a food supplement in special diets.

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Pereskia aculeata Miller is a native cactus that can be found in Brazil and is called 'ora-pro-nobis' (OPN). Many people from poor communities consume the dark green leaves of OPN as a vegetable. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the nutritional components in terms of proximate composition, minerals, vitamins, protein content and their in vitro protein digestibility. OPN leaves showed remarkable levels of total dietary fiber (39.1% dry basis), minerals (calcium, magnesium, manganese and zinc) and vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin C and folic acid). Among amino acids, tryptophan was the most abundant (20.5% of the total amino acids) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed small peptides, inferior to 6.5 kDa, and four major bands (61 kDa, 53 kDa, 33 kDa, and 15 kDa). The protein digestibility corrected amino acid score showed the lowest value of sulfur-amino acids (Met+Cys). OPN leaves could be considered a good source of minerals, vitamins and amino acids, and may serve as a potential functional ingredient.

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Este trabalho teve por objetivos determinar experimentalmente as curvas de equilíbrio higroscópico (adsorçäo e dessorçäo) de canola (Barssica napus) a 32C e correlacionar os dados obtidos aos modelos matemáticos de BET, GAB, Halsey, Oswin e Peleg; e determinar as seguintes propriedades físicas: pesos específicos real e aparente, porosidade, ângulo de talude e coeficiente de atrito. As determinaçöes realizadas com canola, variedade PFB2 da EMBRAPA do Rio Grande do Sul, com 7,4 por cento de umidadeem base seca,apresentavam os seguintes resultados quanto às propriedades físicas: peso específico aparente: 649kg/m3, peso específico real:1,082kg/m3 porosidade: 40,03 por cento ângulo de talude: 25,5; coeficiente de atrito sobre superfície de inox: 0,2531. O melhor modelo de ajuste para isorterma de canola foi o modelo de Peleg com erro médio de 1,96 por cento para absorçäo e 0,18 por cento para dessorçäo.

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A equaçäo de BET foi utilizada no ajuste de curvas de equilíbrio higroscópico de adsorçäo de dessorçäo de 3 genótipos de gräo-de-bico (Cicer arietinum, L): o cultivar IAC-Marrocos e as linhagens Sonora e IAC-Sonora-FE. As umidades de equilíbrio foram obtidas em condiçöes ambientais controladas, pelo método estático, com umidade relativa de equilíbrio variando de 10 a 90 por cento com intervalo de 10 por cento (utilizando-se soluçäo de ácido sulfúrico) e temperatura de 25 + ou - 2 graus centígrados. O ajuste das curvas e a obtençäo das constantes da equaçäo de BET foram realizados por meio de regressäo näo linear, utilizando-se o procedimento PROC.NLIN do SAS, para os dados experimentais de equilíbrio nas condiçöes de 10 a 80 por cento de UR. Os dados experimentais correspondentes à umidade relativa de 90 por cento näo foram considerados, pois as amostras apresentaram alteraçöes visuais de causa desconhecida. A equaçäo de BET mostrou-se adequada para o ajuste das isotermas de sorçäo dos 3 genótipos de gräos-de-bico, sendo que, para todas as curvas, o melhor ajuste foi obtido para seis camadas polimoleculares (n=6). De acordo com os parâmetros de BET estimados para n=6, os menores valores de teor de umidade da monocamada molecular correspondem às curvas de dessorçäo, ao passo que as menores energias de sorçäo corresponderam às curvas de adsorçäo, para os 3 genótipos analisados

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