RESUMEN
The present study was aimed to determine the immunomodulatory effects of dietary supplementation of the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) plectasin on broiler chickens. The experiment involved 300-day-old Ross chicks reared in a conventional housing system and subjected to ambient temperature and relative humidity. The birds were randomly allocated to five treatment groups: the non-supplemented negative control group (T1), enramycin-supplemented group (T2), and groups supplemented with varying doses of plectasin at 150 ppm, 300 ppm, and 450 ppm (T3, T4, and T5, respectively) from day 1 to 35. The results indicated that plectasin supplementation increased jejunal and ileal goblet cell (GC) counts, serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels at neonatal age, and serum immunoglobulin Y (IgY) titer on days 7, 21, 28, and 35. These findings confirmed that plectasin induces positive immunomodulatory responses by specifically enhancing gut mucosal barriers, early innate immunity, and humoral immune response. Specifically, supplementation at 150 ppm may be considered as the optimal dose for inclusion in broiler chicken feeds.
Asunto(s)
Pollos/inmunología , Dieta , Péptidos/administración & dosificación , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Animales , Dieta/veterinaria , Suplementos Dietéticos , Células Caliciformes/citología , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Interferón gamma/sangre , Intestinos/citología , Clima TropicalRESUMEN
This study aimed to investigate the impact of estrogenic endocrine disruptors in adult male Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from the Seven Lakes (Bunot, Calibato, Mohicap, Palakpakin, Pandin, Sampaloc and Yambo) of San Pablo City in Laguna, Philippines. Fish were collected from aquaculture operations in each lake from July to September 2017 and examined for plasma vitellogenin (VTG) levels, hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI). In comparison to the reference group (Pandin Lake), fish from Mohicap, Sampaloc and Yambo had higher levels of plasma VTG. HSI was increased in fish from Bunot Lake while it was markedly reduced in fish from Sampaloc Lake. Comparable GSI were obtained in all samples. While most examined fish are in active spermatogenesis, fish from Sampaloc Lake had immature gonads with no spermatozoa, and with minimal to moderate Leydig cell vacuolation and hyperplasia. The results suggest that cultured Nile tilapia from Sampaloc Lake is most adversely affected by endocrine-active compounds. The identification and quantification of these chemicals are recommended in future studies.
Asunto(s)
Cíclidos/fisiología , Estrógenos/toxicidad , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad , Animales , Acuicultura , Disruptores Endocrinos/análisis , Disruptores Endocrinos/toxicidad , Estrógenos/análisis , Gónadas/efectos de los fármacos , Lagos/química , Masculino , Filipinas , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Vitelogeninas/sangre , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisisRESUMEN
This study was conducted to measure 17ß-estradiol (E2) levels in Laguna de Bay, Philippines and to examine feral male common carp for evidence of exposure to estrogenic pollutants. Analysis of water samples revealed E2 concentrations of 630 and 550 ng/L from the east and west bay of the lake, respectively. Plasma vitellogenin (VTG) in captured fish ranged from 506 to 4083 ng/mL. In comparison to the reference and west bay groups, fish from the east bay had higher plasma VTG concentrations and reduced gonadosomatic index (GSI). Ovotestis was not observed although some individuals had endocrine-related histopathological alterations in the testis. The degree of biologic effects induced by estrogenic pollutants in tropical freshwater systems like Laguna de Bay need to be further investigated to provide a better comprehension of the fates and effects of these compounds under tropical conditions.