RESUMEN
To the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the use of drugs focused on the consumption of antinematode drugs in any region of the world. In the present study, we analyzed and evaluated the use of mebendazole and pyrantel in the provinces of Galicia (Spain), as well as described the variability of the consumption of both drugs between these provinces from 2016 to 2020. A descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study of the consumption of these drugs, expressed in defined daily dose per 1000 inhabitants per day (DHD), was carried out. The DHD values for both drugs were small, although clearly higher, both on average and in variability, in the case of mebendazole. The difference in the mean DHD between both drugs and the geographical differences observed was statistically significant. The seasonal differences were statistically significant for both active principles, with lower values in summer. The active principle most consumed in all the provinces and years was mebendazole. The main consequence of the excessive use of this drug compared to pyrantel may be the increased risk of the development of resistance and of therapeutic failure, as well as the consequent limitation of pharmacological options in the future.
RESUMEN
An analytical methodology based on an on-line sample enrichment of water samples by means of an imprinted polymer, and the separation of benzimidazole compounds within a C(18) column by ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography, has been developed. The molecularly imprinted polymer has been synthesized by precipitation polymerization using thiabendazole as template molecule, methacrylic acid as functional monomer, and divinylbenzene as cross-linker. Initial experiments carried out by solid-phase extraction on cartridges demonstrated a clear imprint effect for thiabendazole, as well as the ability of the imprinted polymer to selectively rebind several benzimidazole compounds. The developed methodology has been applied to the quantification of thiabendazole, carbendazim, and benomyl in river, tap, and well water samples within a single analytical run at concentration levels below the legislated maximum concentration levels. In this sense, detection limits of 2.3-5.7 ng.L(-1) have been obtained for the analysis of benzimidazole fungicides in different water matrices. Recoveries obtained for the determination of benzimidazole fungicides in spiked samples ranged from 87% to 95%, with RSD below 5% in all cases.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/análisis , Bencimidazoles/análisis , Agua/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/instrumentación , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Impresión Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Polímeros/síntesis química , Polímeros/química , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Hypothalamic hamartomas are heterotopias of the nervous tissue which are similar to the grey matter of the hypothalamus. They may cause precocious puberty and/or gelastic seizures. We present the case of a patient who began her pubertal development at the age of 9 months. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed a hypothalamic hamartoma associated with middle cranial fossa and pineal region arachnoid cysts, a very rare association.
Los hamartomas hipotalámicos son heterotopias de tejido nervioso que se asemejan a la sustancia gris del hipotálamo. Pueden causar pubertad precoz y/o crisis gelásticas. Presentamos el caso de una paciente que a los 9 meses de edad comenzó desarrollo puberal y que en la resonancia magnética craneal se objetivó un hamartoma hipotalámico asociado a dos quistes aracnoideos, uno en fosa craneal media y otro en región pineal, asociación que es muy infrecuente.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Niño , Enfermedades Hipotalámicas/complicaciones , Enfermedades Hipotalámicas/diagnóstico , Hamartoma/complicaciones , Hamartoma/diagnóstico , Quistes Aracnoideos/complicaciones , Quistes Aracnoideos/diagnóstico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Pubertad Precoz/etiologíaRESUMEN
La hipertensión intracraneal idiopática es un síndrome neurológico caracterizado por síntomas y signos de hipertensión intracraneal en ausencia de lesión estructural o de hidrocefalia. En general, autolimitada, aunque con frecuencia recidiva. El diagnóstico se basa en la medición de la presión del líquido cefalorraquídeo que se eleva por encima de 250 mm de H2O. Normalmente los resultados del examen neurológico son normales excepto por la aparición de papiledema y posible afectación del VI par. La principal complicación es la pérdida visual que puede ser irreversible. El tratamiento se basa en la repetición de punciones lumbares evacuadoras combinado con el uso de diuréticos y dieta hipocalórica. Con la aparición de la resonancia magnética se han descrito varios signos asociados a esta enfermedad como son la disminución del tamaño ventricular, el incremento del espacio subaracnoideo, la presencia de silla turca vacía, distensión del espacio perióptico y realce tras contraste de los nervios ópticos.