RESUMEN
This is the first comprehensive growth study of male children of Bengali parentage. The cross-sectional survey was undertaken in an urban high school situated in the north of the Metropolitan City of Calcutta during 1982 and 1983. The sample consisted of 815 healthy Bengali boys aged 7-16 years. In this paper, data on height, weight, and skinfold thicknesses are presented including patterns of change in these physical traits with increasing age. Mean values of height or weight of the boys--not representative for all school-going boys of Calcutta--are distinctly above the national standards given by the Indian Council of Medical Research. They are, however, shorter and lighter than the well-off boys of India but have a similar magnitude of subcutaneous fat on arm. Peak annual incremental growth in height and weight occurs in Bengali boys at 12-13 years and 14-15 years, respectively. This is about one year earlier than in the well-off Indian, British, or American boys.
Asunto(s)
Antropometría , Desarrollo Infantil , Etnicidad , Adolescente , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Niño , Humanos , India , Masculino , Grosor de los Pliegues CutáneosRESUMEN
PIP: This paper examines the distribution of low birth weight (2500 g or less) by gestation time, sex, maternal age, parity (birth order), socioeconomic conditions, and season of birth among 5117 single live births born to Bengali mothers at the Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratisthan Hospital in Calcutta, India. Preterm infants have low birth weight significantly more often than their full term counterparts. Female infants have low birth weights significantly more often than male infants. The infants of poor mothers have lower birth weights in higher order births more often than infants of higher orders born to well-off mothers. Teenaged mothers produce low birth weight babies significantly more often than older mothers. Although the relationship is not significant, low birth weight infants occur more often among 1st and late born infants and less often among 2nd born infants. The season of birth is not significantly associated with birth weight. Less than 10% of low birth weight infants are pre-term, while the rest are full term. The great majority of low birth weight infants are small-for-gestational-age; the minority are small due to curtailed gestational age. The proportion of infants weighing less than 2001 g is only 9%; this figure tallies closely with earlier studies of India.^ieng
Asunto(s)
Factores de Edad , Antropometría , Peso al Nacer , Peso Corporal , Recién Nacido de Bajo Peso , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Lactante , Edad Materna , Edad Paterna , Adolescente , Asia , Biología , Orden de Nacimiento , Demografía , Países en Desarrollo , India , Padres , Fisiología , Población , Características de la Población , Investigación , Proyectos de Investigación , Estaciones del Año , Clase Social , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
In this paper the effect of age, Hb types and G-6-PD deficiency on height, weight and skinfold thickness among 1720 subjects belonging to Nava-Budha, Maratha and a mixed Scheduled caste of Maharashtra, India, have been examined using two models of analysis of variance. In the first model the factors used for explaining the variation are communities, age, sex, Hb types based on the total sample. In the second model another factor, G-6-PD deficiency, was introduced and only the male sample (n = 852) was considered. The age groups (assessed), sex and communities contribute highly significantly to the variation in weight. Variation in communities, age and sex is highly significant for variations in height and the three skinfold measurements. The effect of variation in Hb types is more than random for height and significant for biceps and triceps thicknesses. G-6-PD deficiency causes significant variation in height and the three skinfold measurements.
Asunto(s)
Estatura , Peso Corporal , Deficiencia de Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/fisiopatología , Hemoglobinas/genética , Grosor de los Pliegues Cutáneos , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Niño , Femenino , Variación Genética , Humanos , India , Masculino , Grupos Raciales , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
PIP: A comprehensive survey of some aspects of family planning was conducted in the urban area under the municipal Corportation of Calcutta during December 1973 and March 1974 in an effort to obtain information about the extent to which the population was recognizing with contraceptive use the need for raising a small family. All currently married women under age 50 who were normally resident members of Calcutta constituted the universe of population for this survey. The design adopted for the sampling of urban households was the usual 2 stage sampling with blocks of houses as 1st stage units and individual households within blocks as 2nd stage units. The findings reported are based on a sample of 1534 currently married women. The average number of live births as reported by the women was 3.39. The Muslim mothers had the highest average number of live births (4.42); the Christian and other non-Hindu and non-Muslim mothers had the lowest average (3.02). Among the newly married women who were in the maiden year of family building, the Caste Hindu wives had given live births in relatively higher order (0.38) than the rest of the mothers. Among the currently married women, those who belonged to the Urdu speaking households registered the highest level of fertility. The women whose husbands were working as clerks were found to experience the lowest level of fertility (2.87 livebirths). The wives of husbands engaged in "miscellaneous" occupations had the highest level of fertility (3.79 livebirths). The married women from households with the lowest monthly expenditure (per capita) reported the highest fertility (a little more than 4 livebirths). The women with the highest monthly expenditure level had the lowest fertility (a little more than 2 livebirths). These findings can be utilized as useful indicators in the national family planning program. This is all the more the case, since it is already known that about 2/3 of the Urdu speaking and the Hindi speaking couples of Calcutta declared that they never use family planning methods.^ieng