RESUMEN
Maternal endotoxemia disturbs the intrauterine environment, impairs nephrogenesis, and increases the risk of hypertension and kidney disease in adulthood. Here, it was investigated whether maternal treatment with the water extract of Moringa oleifera seeds (WEMoS) or the water-soluble M. oleifera seed lectin (WSMoL) prevents the oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in pregnant rats, and the renal injury and hypertension in the adult offspring. The administration of WEMoS or WSMoL prevented the stimulatory effects of LPS on lipid peroxidation in the maternal-placenta-fetuses environment. The impact of WEMoS was linked to decreased superoxide anions production in the placenta. The effects of WSMoL were parallel to the inhibition of superoxide anion production and NADPH oxidase activity. The WSMoL also prevented increased NADPH oxidase activity in the fetal kidney. The LPS offspring presented higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and increased lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADPH oxidase activity, and nitrate/nitrite in the kidney; the maternal treatment with WEMoS and WSMoL prevented these changes. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that WEMoS and WSMoL have protective effects on maternal endotoxemia, which involve antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions that prevent the programming of hypertension.
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión , Moringa oleifera , Estrés Oxidativo , Extractos Vegetales , Ratas Wistar , Semillas , Animales , Moringa oleifera/química , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Semillas/química , Embarazo , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hipertensión/prevención & control , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Lipopolisacáridos , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Lectinas/farmacología , Endotoxemia/prevención & control , Antioxidantes/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Moringa oleifera, a plant widely used in traditional medicine as well as for water purification, contains a lectin on its seeds named WSMoL which modulates several immune characteristics and has shown cardiac safe properties. Here, we tested the hypothesis that WSMoL is able to recover fasting glucose levels and to improve the cardiac left ventricular (LV) function in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice model. T2DM was induced in adult C57BL/6 mice by combining a high fat diet and low doses of Streptozotocin. Mice were randomly divided in two groups: i. received WSMoL for 21 consecutive days by gavage (T2DM + WSMoL) and ii. received saline solution (T2DM). Metabolic parameters and LV function were assessed. WSMoL was able to reduce fasting blood glucose levels in T2DM mice after 2 weeks of treatment, when compared to T2DM untreated group. Regarding to cardiac LV function, the T2DM + WSMoL group depicted ejection fraction values comparable to non-diabetic group. Our results show: i. WSMoL treatment presented a potent hypoglycemic effect decreasing insulin resistance and ii. WSMoL was able to improve cardiac LV ejection fraction. Collectively, the results presented here show WSMoL as a potential hypoglycemic agent to be tested in T2DM patients.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Moringa oleifera , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Lectinas , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Semillas , Volumen Sistólico , Función Ventricular Izquierda , AguaRESUMEN
Currently, the research of new natural compounds with biological potential demonstrates great ethnopharmacological importance. In this study, we evaluated the biological properties promoted by saline extract from Malpighia emarginata DC leaves, whose objective is to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity potential. Phytochemical characterization was performed by UPLC-MS chromatography to identify the chemical compounds. For the antioxidant potential, DPPH, ATT and FRAP methods were used. The antibacterial and antifungal tests were performed evaluating the MIC50, MIC90, CMB and CMF parameters. Moreover, antibiofilm action was evaluated. Cytotoxicity and proliferation were performed using splenocytes from Balb/c mice and were evaluated by cytometry. We found a list of phenolic compounds among other bioactive compounds in the M. emarginata saline extract. In addition, higher antioxidant profile and antifungal activity against different strains of Candida spp. was promoted by the saline extract. Splenocytes showed greater cell viability (more than 90%) and showed higher proliferate index in 24 and 48 hours of incubation with the extract. Saline extract from Malpighia emarginata DC has potential action like antioxidant and antifungal agent without promote animal cell damage.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Malpighiaceae/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Polifenoles/química , Animales , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Femenino , Flavonoides/química , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Polifenoles/farmacología , Valores de Referencia , Bazo/citología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Callosobruchus maculatus is an important predator of cowpeas. Due to infestation during storage, this insect affects the quality of seed and crop yield. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CrataBL, a multifunction protein isolated from Crataeva tapia bark, on C. maculatus larva development. The protein, which is stable even in extreme pH conditions, showed toxic activity, reducing the larval mass 45 and 70% at concentrations of 0.25 and 1.0% (w/w), respectively. Acting as an inhibitor, CrataBL decreased by 39% the activity of cysteine proteinases from larval gut. Conversely, the activity of serine proteinases was increased about 8-fold. The toxic properties of CrataBL may also be attributed to its capacity of binding to glycoproteins or glycosaminoglycans. Such binding interferes with larval metabolism, because CrataBL-FITC was found in the fat body, Malpighian tubules, and feces of larvae. These results demonstrate the potential of this protein for controlling larva development.