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BACKGROUNDS: Fortunately, much has been studied about COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Evidence suggests that these patients do not appear to be at increased risk of severe COVID-19. However, there are still some uncertainties regarding the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in patients with immune-mediated diseases. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the main symptoms of COVID-19 and their frequency in IBD patients and evaluate the impact of the IBD therapeutic drugs on clinical presentation of COVID-19 and to determine factors associated with COVID-19 in this population. METHODS: Adult patients with IBD from three tertiary-care public, teaching hospitals in Ceará, Northeastern Brazil, were evaluated during one scheduled appointment from March to December 2020. Patients with possible or confirmed COVID-19 were compared with patients without COVID-19. Furthermore, incidences of each symptom were evaluated based on the use of IBD therapeutic drugs. RESULTS: A total of 515 patients with IBD were included in the study: 234 with CD, and 281 with UC. Of these, 174 patients (34%) had possible/confirmed COVID-19 of whom 156 (90%) were symptomatic. Main symptoms were fever (65%) and headache (65%); gastrointestinal symptoms occurred in one third of patients and were higher than COVID-19 in general population. The factors associated with having COVID-19 were female gender (OR 1.71, 95%CI: 1.17-2.50); contact at home (OR 5.07, 95%CI: 3.31-7.78) and outside the home (OR 3.14, 95%CI: 2.10-4.71) with a case of COVID-19; work outside of the home (OR 1.87, 95%CI: 1.26-2.78); family history of COVID-19 (OR 2.29, 95%CI 1.58-3.33) use of salicylate (OR 1.71, 95%CI: 1.17-4.28); and asthma (OR 7.10, 95%CI: 1.46-34.57). CONCLUSION: IBD patients at high risk of COVID-19 infection may need to avoid salicylate therapy but further studies are necessary to confirm this association.

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ABSTRACT Backgrounds: Fortunately, much has been studied about COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Evidence suggests that these patients do not appear to be at increased risk of severe COVID-19. However, there are still some uncertainties regarding the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in patients with immune-mediated diseases. Objective: This study aimed to describe the main symptoms of COVID-19 and their frequency in IBD patients and evaluate the impact of the IBD therapeutic drugs on clinical presentation of COVID-19 and to determine factors associated with COVID-19 in this population. Methods: Adult patients with IBD from three tertiary-care public, teaching hospitals in Ceará, Northeastern Brazil, were evaluated during one scheduled appointment from March to December 2020. Patients with possible or confirmed COVID-19 were compared with patients without COVID-19. Furthermore, incidences of each symptom were evaluated based on the use of IBD therapeutic drugs. Results: A total of 515 patients with IBD were included in the study: 234 with CD, and 281 with UC. Of these, 174 patients (34%) had possible/confirmed COVID-19 of whom 156 (90%) were symptomatic. Main symptoms were fever (65%) and headache (65%); gastrointestinal symptoms occurred in one third of patients and were higher than COVID-19 in general population. The factors associated with having COVID-19 were female gender (OR 1.71, 95%CI: 1.17-2.50); contact at home (OR 5.07, 95%CI: 3.31-7.78) and outside the home (OR 3.14, 95%CI: 2.10-4.71) with a case of COVID-19; work outside of the home (OR 1.87, 95%CI: 1.26-2.78); family history of COVID-19 (OR 2.29, 95%CI 1.58-3.33) use of salicylate (OR 1.71, 95%CI: 1.17-4.28); and asthma (OR 7.10, 95%CI: 1.46-34.57). Conclusion: IBD patients at high risk of COVID-19 infection may need to avoid salicylate therapy but further studies are necessary to confirm this association.

RESUMO Contexto: Felizmente, muito se tem estudado sobre a COVID-19 em pacientes com doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII). As evidências sugerem que esses pacientes não parecem ter risco aumentado de COVID-19 grave. Mas ainda se tem algumas incertezas com relação às manifestações clínicas da COVID-19 em portadores de doenças imunomediadas. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever os principais sintomas da COVID-19 e sua frequência em pacientes com DII e avaliar o impacto dos medicamentos utilizados no tratamento das DII na apresentação clínica da COVID-19. Métodos: Pacientes adultos com DII de três hospitais públicos terciários de ensino do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil, foram avaliados em consulta ambulatorial no período de março a dezembro de 2020. Pacientes com COVID-19 possível ou confirmada foram comparados com pacientes sem COVID-19. Além disso, as incidências de cada sintoma foram avaliadas com base no uso de medicamentos utilizados para tratamento da DII. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 515 pacientes com DII: 234 com DC e 281 com RCU. Destes, 174 pacientes (34%) tinham COVID-19 possível/confirmado, dos quais 156 (90%) eram sintomáticos. Os principais sintomas foram febre (65%) e dor de cabeça (65%); sintomas gastrointestinais ocorreram em um terço dos pacientes, sendo mais frequentes do que na população geral com COVID-19. Os fatores associados a ter COVID-19 foram sexo feminino (OR 1,71, IC95%: 1,17-2,50); ter contato com caso de COVID-19, tanto intradomiciliar (OR 5,07; IC95%: 3,31-7,78) como fora do domicílio (OR 3,14; IC95%: 2,10-4,71); trabalhar fora de casa (OR 1,87; IC95%: 1,26-2,78); história familiar de COVID-19 (OR 2,29, IC95% 1,58-3,33), uso de salicilato (OR 1,71, IC95%: 1,17-4,28) e asma (OR 7,10; IC95%: 1,46-34,57). Conclusão: Pacientes com DII com alto risco de infecção por COVID-19 podem precisar evitar a terapia com salicilatos, mas mais estudos são necessários para confirmar esta associação.

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BACKGROUND: Gallstones are the presence of bile clay in the gallbladder or bile ducts. The disease can be asymptomatic or symptomatic and can lead to complications and consequently a worse prognosis, such as acute cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, and acute pancreatitis. The risk of complications increases after the first episode of biliary colic. OBJECTIVE: A clinical-epidemiological evaluation of patients admitted to a gastroenterology ward of a tertiary care hospital with gallstone-related complications. METHODS: We evaluated 158 patients admitted through discharge reports and medical records analysis from January 1, 2013, to February 24, 2021. RESULTS: The female sex was predominant (76.6%), and the mean age of patients was 51.6 years. Men were significantly older than women (P=0.005). Most (57.6%) had some comorbidity, the most frequent being systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. The mean hospitalization time was 24 days, significantly longer in men (P=0.046) but without a direct relationship with age (P=0.414). The most frequent complication was choledocholithiasis, and 55.7% of patients without previous cholecystectomy had a report of biliary colic before admission, on average 1.5 years previously. A history of a prior cholecystectomy was present in 17.1% of those evaluated. Abdominal ultrasonography followed by magnetic resonance cholangiography was the most frequently performed exam for diagnostic definition. Regarding therapeutic measures, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was necessary for 47.3% of patients without previous cholecystectomy and 81.4% of patients who have already had a cholecystectomy. Among patients not yet cholecystectomized, 84% underwent the procedure before discharge. CONCLUSION: The female patients were predominant. Men were significantly older than women and had more extended hospital stays. The most frequent complication was choledocholithiasis, and around half of the patients reported previous biliary colic. endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography has been necessary for the majority of the patients.

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ABSTRACT Background: Gallstones are the presence of bile clay in the gallbladder or bile ducts. The disease can be asymptomatic or symptomatic and can lead to complications and consequently a worse prognosis, such as acute cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, and acute pancreatitis. The risk of complications increases after the first episode of biliary colic. Objective: A clinical-epidemiological evaluation of patients admitted to a gastroenterology ward of a tertiary care hospital with gallstone-related complications. Methods: We evaluated 158 patients admitted through discharge reports and medical records analysis from January 1, 2013, to February 24, 2021. Results: The female sex was predominant (76.6%), and the mean age of patients was 51.6 years. Men were significantly older than women (P=0.005). Most (57.6%) had some comorbidity, the most frequent being systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. The mean hospitalization time was 24 days, significantly longer in men (P=0.046) but without a direct relationship with age (P=0.414). The most frequent complication was choledocholithiasis, and 55.7% of patients without previous cholecystectomy had a report of biliary colic before admission, on average 1.5 years previously. A history of a prior cholecystectomy was present in 17.1% of those evaluated. Abdominal ultrasonography followed by magnetic resonance cholangiography was the most frequently performed exam for diagnostic definition. Regarding therapeutic measures, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was necessary for 47.3% of patients without previous cholecystectomy and 81.4% of patients who have already had a cholecystectomy. Among patients not yet cholecystectomized, 84% underwent the procedure before discharge. Conclusion: The female patients were predominant. Men were significantly older than women and had more extended hospital stays. The most frequent complication was choledocholithiasis, and around half of the patients reported previous biliary colic. endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography has been necessary for the majority of the patients.

RESUMO Contexto: A litíase biliar pode ser definida como a presença de cálculo ou barro biliar na vesícula e/ou nos ductos biliares. A doença pode ser assintomática ou sintomática, podendo levar a complicações e, consequentemente, a um pior prognóstico, como colecistite aguda, coledocolitíase, colangite e pancreatite aguda. O risco de complicações aumenta após o primeiro episódio de cólica biliar. Objetivo: Avaliação clínica-epidemiológica dos pacientes internados em enfermaria de gastroenterologia de um hospital terciário, com complicações relacionadas à litíase biliar. Métodos: Foram avaliados 158 pacientes internados no período de 1º de janeiro de 2013 a 24 de fevereiro de 2021, por meio de análise de relatório de alta e prontuário. Resultados: Houve uma predominância do sexo feminino (76,6%), e a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 51,6 anos. Homens eram significativamente mais velhos que as mulheres (P=0,005). A maioria (57,6%) apresentava alguma comorbidade, sendo as mais frequentes: hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e obesidade. A média de tempo de internação foi de 24 dias, sendo significativamente maior para os homens (P=0,046), mas sem relação direta com a idade (P=0,414). A complicação mais frequente foi a coledocolitíase, e 55,7% dos pacientes sem colecistectomia prévia apresentaram relato de cólica biliar antes da internação, em média, 1,5 anos antes. Histórico de colecistectomia prévia estava presente em 17,1% dos avaliados. Ultrassonografia abdominal, seguida de colangiorressonância magnética foram os exames complementares mais frequentemente realizados para definição diagnóstica. Em relação às medidas terapêuticas, a colangiopancreatografia endoscópica retrógrada (CPRE) foi necessária em 47,3% dos pacientes sem colecistectomia prévia e 81,4% dos pacientes com colecistectomia prévia. Dos pacientes ainda não colecistectomizados, 84% deles puderam ser submetidos ao procedimento antes da alta. Conclusão: Houve predomínio do sexo feminino. Os homens foram significativamente mais velhos do que as mulheres e tiveram uma permanência hospitalar consideravelmente mais longa. A complicação mais frequente foi a coledocolitíase, e cerca de metade dos pacientes relatou cólica biliar prévia. A CPRE foi necessária para a maioria dos pacientes.

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A esquistossomose é doença endêmica no Brasil, sendo bem reconhecidas suas formas intestinal, hepatoesplênica e vasculopulmonar. O envolvimento do sistema nervoso central e obstrução intestinal são manifestações incomuns. Neste trabalho, relata-se o caso de um paciente previamente hígido, que se apresentou simultaneamente com obstrução intestinal por granulomas esquistossomóticos e com a forma radicular da neuroesquistossomose. O diagnóstico foi firmado por biópsia do' granuloma e pela reação de imunofluorescência no líquor, positiva para esquistossomose. O paciente submeteu-se a tratamento cirúrgico para a obstrução intestinal, corticoterapia pelo comprometimento medular e praziquantel, obtendo melhora clínica

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A pancreatite aguda, uma doença comum, pode ser clinicamente leve ou grave, O objetivo deste trabalho foi reconhecer os fatores envolvidos com a doença em nosso meio e compará-los com os dados da literatura. Um estudo retrospectivo foi realizado avaliando 35 pacientes com pancreatite aguda internados no serviço de Gastroenterologia do Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2002. Os homens foram mais acometidos (54,3por cento) que as mulheres e a idade variou de 15 a 89 anos, com média de 42,88 anos. As principais causas foram a litíase biliar (48,6por cento) e o alcool (35,3por cento). A pancreatite aguda esteve associada à necrose em oito casos (22,9Por cento) e ao edema intersticial em 22 (62,9por cento). A normoamilasemia foi encontrada em seis pacientes ( 17,1por cento) e a média dos valores da proteína C-reativa foi duas vezes maior na forma necrotizante que na edematosa. A tomografia computadorizada com uso de contraste intravenoso, método de imagem de escolha para o diagnóstico e detecção de complicações como a necrose pancreática, foi realizada em 19 pacientes (54,3por cento). A ultra-sonografia abdominal, o método mais sensível para avaliação da árvore biliar na pancreatite aguda. Foi realizada em 32 casos (91,4por cento). Foram submetidos à colecistectomia todos os pacientes com pancreatite biliar sem contra-indicação cirúrgica. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 8,6por cento (37,5por cento na forma necrotizante e 0por cento na edematosa). Conclui-se que a pancreatite necrotizante associou-se a maior morbimortalidade e que os resultados do trabalho de modo geral, concordam com os da literatura

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