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Anecdotal reports suggest that the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (COVID-19) has increased overweight and obesity prevalence in dogs and cats. The present report aimed to perform a retrospective overweight/obesity survey on 1,001 consecutive cases attended in the Veterinary Clinics Hospital from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul during its reopening to the public after months closed due to the pandemic. The overall overweight or obesity observed prevalence was 36.63%; being the frequency in cats slightly greater (38.37%) than compared to dogs (35.76%). No local increase in these frequencies was detected. Neutering (dogs and cats), age greater than 10 years (dogs), and male gender (cats) were factors associated with overweight/obesity. Bodyweight was not registered in about 30% of the medical records, while the body condition score was not registered in about 50% of the cases. These flaws were more often observed in feline medical records and efforts to improve these data records are warranted.

Especula-se que a pandemia pelo novo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) tenha agravado a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em cães e gatos. O presente artigo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento de sobrepeso/obesidade, o qual avaliou os registros de 1001 casos consecutivos atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, durante a reabertura da instituição ao público, após meses fechada devido à pandemia. Observou-se uma prevalência de sobrepeso ou de obesidade de 36,63%, sendo a frequência ligeiramente maior em gatos (38,37%) do que em cães (35,76%) e não sendo documentado aumento local na prevalência. Castrações (cães e gatos), idade > 10 anos (cães) e sexo masculino (gatos) foram associadas ao sobrepeso/obesidade. Em cerca de 30% das fichas não havia peso registrado, e em cerca de 50% não havia registro de ECC. Essas falhas foram mais frequentes em fichas de felinos e demandam medidas para aumentar o registro desses dados pelas equipes clínicas.

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Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is the most performed elective surgery in veterinary medicine. Although this procedure brings benefits both to the animal and public health, acquired urinary incontinence is a possible complication resultant from it. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence and evaluate size, breed, and time of surgery as risk factors in a population of spayed female dogs in the Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, in the year of 2013, through the use of a multiple-choice screening instrument. Identified estimated prevalence was 11.27% and main risk factors were as follows: large size (OR = 7.12 IC95% = 1.42 - 35.67), Rottweiler breed (OR = 8.92; IC95% = 5.25 - 15.15), Pit-bull breed (OR = 4.14; IC95% = 2.19 - 7.83), and Labrador breed (OR = 2.73; IC95% = 1.53 - 4.87). Time of surgery was not considered a risk factor for urinary incontinence in this population (OR = 1.45; IC95% = 0.86 - 2.40). Even though most owners reported a small impact on their relationship with the animal, urinary incontinence hazard should be addressed before spaying.(AU)

A ovário-histerectomia (OHE) é a cirurgia eletiva mais realizada em medicina veterinária. Embora seja um procedimento que beneficie a saúde pública e do animal, a incontinência urinária adquirida é uma complicação possível resultante desse procedimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência de incontinência urinária e avaliar porte, raça e momento da castração como fatores de risco em uma população de cadelas castradas no HCV/UFRGS, no ano de 2013, através do uso de um instrumento de triagem de múltipla escolha. A prevalência estimada foi de 11,27% e os principais fatores de risco foram: grande porte (OR = 7,12 IC95% = 1,42 - 35,67), raça Rottweiler (OR = 8,92; IC95% = 5,25 - 15,15), raça Pitbull (OR = 4,14; IC95% = 2,19 - 7,83) e raça Labrador (OR = 2,73; IC95% = 1,53 - 4,87). O tempo da cirurgia não foi considerado fator de risco para incontinência urinária nessa população (OR = 1,45; IC95% = 0,86 - 2,40). Embora a maioria dos proprietários tenha relatado um pequeno impacto no relacionamento com o animal, a possibilidade de incontinência urinária deve ser devidamente discutida antes da castração.(AU)

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Non-lactose-fermenting Escherichia coli (NLFEC) has a few descriptive studies restricted to human infections. In the present study, isolates of NLFEC obtained from urine samples of dogs with hyperadrenocorticism were characterized regarding their virulence ability, biofilm formation capacity and antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Escherichia coli lactose-fermenting strains from urinary infection in dogs with the same conditions were analysed to provide comparisons. The non-lactose-fermenting E. coli strains were classified as belonging to clade I E. coli, whereas the lactose-fermenting strains were classified in phylogroup B2. All strains presented virulence markers to adhesion, iron acquisition, toxins, colicin and cytotoxin production, and biofilm regulation. Components of the extracellular matrix in addition to the in vitro biofilm formation ability were observed in the strains. Multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles were observed by in vitro susceptibility tests to all NLFEC strains. In summary, non-lactose-fermenting uropathogenic E. coli from dogs behaves similar to lactose-fermenting E. coli, exhibiting MDR profile, and pathogenic potential of promote animal infections.

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Canine diabetes mellitus (CDM) remission is a rare event that is possible after the resolution of insulin resistance conditions, especially those related to the estrus cycle. A retrospective study was carried out at the Division of Veterinary Endocrinology from 2006 to 2011 to assess CDM remission rates after the resolution of problems associated with ovarian activity. Out of 117 female dogs diagnosed with CDM, six diabetes remission cases were identified and described after resolution of diestrus (1), or after ovariohysterectomy for pregnancy (1), ovarian remnant syndrome (1), and pyometra (3), even after initial presentation in severe diabetic ketosis or long after diagnosis (ovariohysterectomy was performed from 3 to 81 days after diagnosis, and diabetes resolution was achieved within 4-39 days after gonadectomy). Several factors may lead to diabetes remission. However, in these cases, ovariohysterectomy was crucial for the restoration of normal blood glucose levels, suggesting that diabetic bitches be spayed independently of the length of time after diagnosis.

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Regarded as an incidental finding, biliary sludge is often diagnosed in dogs on abdominal ultrasound. The aims of the present study were to assess the risk factors, biochemical markers and ultrasonographic findings and to estimate the prevalence and influence of different breeds, sexes, and ages on biliary sludge in dogs. Results demonstrate that the prevalence of biliary sludge is high, especially in senior dogs. The biochemical markers did not have a significant correlation with biliary sludge, and the type of diet was not considered to be the major risk factor. Hepatomegaly was frequently observed on the ultrasound scan of affected animals and of dogs on different systemic drugs and with cardiopathies, which have been referred to as risk groups for the development of inspissated bile.

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O uso de costela autógena para correção de defeito criado no osso nasal em cães foi utilizado em 15 animais, separados em três grupos de pós-operatório, em que, após 30, 60 e 90 dias, finalizavam-se seus acompanhamentos. Cada grupo era composto de quatro animais enxertados e um animal-controle, no qual se utilizava o material do próprio defeito criado para coaptação. Os animais receberam monitoração clínica diária, e a integração do enxerto foi avaliada com exames radiográficos obtidos a cada 15 dias, quando se realizou o exame histológico. A técnica cirúrgica foi de fácil execução e possui praticidade em seu uso e foi suficiente para a correção de todos os defeitos criados. O efeito estético foi satisfatório, os exames radiográficos comprovaram a integração do enxerto, e a avaliação histológica evidenciou a presença de células compatíveis com a viabilização da técnica proposta.

The use of autologous rib to correct an experimental nasal bone lesion in dogs was performed in 15 animals, distributed in three post-operatory groups, and after 30, 60, and 90 days their clinical monitoring were finished. Each group was composed of four grafted animals and a control, in which it was used the material collected from the defect for coaptation. The animals received daily clinical monitoring and the graft integration was evaluated with radiographic exams taken every 15 days when the histological exam was performed. The surgical technique was easy to perform and had practical use. It was sufficient to correct all created lesions. The aesthetical effect was satisfactory; the radiographic exams proved the graft integration and the histological evaluation showed the presence of cells compatible with the viability of the technique.

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O uso de costela autógena para correção de defeito criado no osso nasal em cães foi utilizado em 15 animais, separados em três grupos de pós-operatório, em que, após 30, 60 e 90 dias, finalizavam-se seus acompanhamentos. Cada grupo era composto de quatro animais enxertados e um animal-controle, no qual se utilizava o material do próprio defeito criado para coaptação. Os animais receberam monitoração clínica diária, e a integração do enxerto foi avaliada com exames radiográficos obtidos a cada 15 dias, quando se realizou o exame histológico. A técnica cirúrgica foi de fácil execução e possui praticidade em seu uso e foi suficiente para a correção de todos os defeitos criados. O efeito estético foi satisfatório, os exames radiográficos comprovaram a integração do enxerto, e a avaliação histológica evidenciou a presença de células compatíveis com a viabilização da técnica proposta.(AU)

The use of autologous rib to correct an experimental nasal bone lesion in dogs was performed in 15 animals, distributed in three post-operatory groups, and after 30, 60, and 90 days their clinical monitoring were finished. Each group was composed of four grafted animals and a control, in which it was used the material collected from the defect for coaptation. The animals received daily clinical monitoring and the graft integration was evaluated with radiographic exams taken every 15 days when the histological exam was performed. The surgical technique was easy to perform and had practical use. It was sufficient to correct all created lesions. The aesthetical effect was satisfactory; the radiographic exams proved the graft integration and the histological evaluation showed the presence of cells compatible with the viability of the technique.(AU)

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