RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Recently developed Immunoglobulin-E (IgE) based molecular allergy diagnostics provide the ability of identifying allergenic components or ingredients at the molecular level (component-resolved-diagnosis, CRD). Compared to the classical IgE-based allergy diagnostics, molecular technology is providing more sensitive and specific IgE-sensitization patterns. Certain sensitization patterns are characteristic of large geographic regions. There are only few data available on the molecular IgE sensitization patterns in East-Central Europe. This study aims to present further data from this region. METHODS: Data of 3993 stored, anonymized molecular ImmunoCap IgE measurements (CRD), performed in Hungary between January-December 2019 from sera of 1288 subjects (mean age: 27 years ±18 years, male/female ratio 0.56) were analyzed retrospectively, in order to get a local distributional pattern of the sensitizing (IgE >0.35 KU/l) molecular allergens. RESULTS: The proportion of CRD positive cases was 24.3%. Amongst them, the most prevalent inhalative allergens were Amb a 1 (18%) Art v 1 (8%) in adults and Der p 2 (3%) and Der p 1 (3%) and Amb a 1 (4%) in subjects below 18 years of age. The same for food allergens were Gal d 2 (21%), Bos d 4 (17%), Bos d 5 (11%) in adults and Gal d 2 (38%), Gal d 1 (28%), Bos d 4 (21%), Bos d 5 (13%) and Bos d 8 (7%) in children. The ratio of mono-sensitivities among CRD-positive cases was 37.5%. CONCLUSION: Our results provide region-specific patterns of sensitization and molecular allergen spreading for Hungary. The relatively higher abundance of polysensitization's among allergic cases underlines the need for early diagnostic -and preventive measures in the future.
Asunto(s)
Alérgenos , Hipersensibilidad , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Hungría , Estudios Retrospectivos , Inmunoglobulina ERESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study current practices in growth monitoring by European primary care paediatricians and to explore their perceived needs in this field. METHODS: We developed a cross-sectional, anonymous on-line survey and contacted primary care paediatricians listed in national directories in the 18 European countries with a confederation of primary care paediatricians. Paediatricians participated in the survey between April and September 2011. RESULTS: Of the 1,198 paediatricians from 11 European countries (response rate 13%) who participated, 29% used the 2006 World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study growth charts, 69% used national growth charts; 61% used software to draw growth charts and 79% did not use a formal algorithm to detect abnormal growth on growth charts. Among the 21% of paediatricians who used algorithms, many used non-algorithmic simple thresholds for height and weight and none used the algorithms published in the international literature. In all, 69% of paediatricians declared that a validated algorithm to monitor growth would be useful in daily practice. We found important between-country variations. CONCLUSION: The varied growth-monitoring practices declared by primary care paediatricians reveals the need for standardization and evidence-based algorithms to define abnormal growth and the development of software that would use such algorithms.
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Pediatría/normas , Atención Primaria de Salud/normas , Algoritmos , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Europa (Continente) , Gráficos de Crecimiento , Humanos , Médicos , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/normas , Estándares de ReferenciaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Indicators such as country of birth and language spoken at home have been used as proxy measures for ethnic background, but the validity of these indicators in surveys among school children remains unclear. This study aimed at comparing item response and student-parent agreement on four questions about country of birth and language spoken at home in three European countries. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Child-Parent Validation Study 2005, including 486 matched student-parent pairs from Denmark, Hungary, and Scotland. Selected items from the internationally standardized HBSC questionnaire were completed by 11-year-old students and their parents. We examined item response and student-parent agreement on the four HBSC Ethnic Background Indicators: the student's country of birth, mother's country of birth, father's country of birth, and language usually spoken at home. RESULTS: All item response rates were high for both students (>92%) and parents (>96%). The percent student-parent agreement was high on all four items (>97%). The strength of agreement ranged from good to excellent for all items indicated by the kappa value (between .60 and 1.00). Results were robust across countries. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that students as young as 11 years are able to provide valid responses to four simple questions about country of birth and language spoken at home. The four HBSC Ethnic Background Indicators can be useful in epidemiologic studies on identification of subgroups that may receive unequal prevention services or in assessment of how risk factors, symptoms, and diseases may differ by ethnic background among school children.
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Conducta Infantil/etnología , Etnicidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Relaciones Padres-Hijo/etnología , Padres/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios/normas , Adulto , Niño , Conducta Infantil/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Recolección de Datos , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Femenino , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Humanos , Hungría/epidemiología , Masculino , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Escocia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
A review is given on the state of activities regarding environmental health in Hungary, with special respect to present and future health of children.
Asunto(s)
Protección a la Infancia/tendencias , Salud Ambiental/tendencias , Salud Pública/tendencias , Niño , Ambiente , Humanos , Hungría , Programas Nacionales de Salud/tendencias , Pediatría/educación , Administración en Salud Pública , Sociedades CientíficasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The relationship between socioeconomic status and preventive care is an important issue in public health practice in Hungary. Our aim was to investigate the association between the socioeconomic status and the present practice of primary allergy prevention in infant feeding in Hajdú-Bihar County, Hungary. METHODS: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was performed among 3076 infants aged 0-6 months. We studied how socioeconomic status, type of settlement, allergic background of the family and skin symptoms indicative for allergy were related to primary allergy prevention in infant feeding. Prevalence odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: Independent determinants of breast feeding were age [OR corresponding to one month change 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-0.77], the female gender (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.06-1.46), the socioeconomic status of the family (OR comparing the worst with the best category 0.63; 95% CI 0.43-0.93), and birth weight (OR comparing <1500 g to >2500 g category 0.17; 95% CI 0.07-0.41). Among supplementary nutrient users independent determinants of the use of hydrolysed infant formulae were the socioeconomic status (OR comparing the worst with the best category 0.06; 95% CI 0.01-0.27), the type of settlement (OR comparing village with town 0.48; 95% CI 0.28-0.80), history of allergy in the family (OR 2.30; 95% CI 1.28-4.11), and skin symptoms indicative of allergy (OR 3.46; 95% CI 1.96-6.14). CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic status is related to the implementation of primary allergy prevention in infant feeding.