RESUMEN
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary bone malignancies. Although there is a significant improvement of survival on osteosarcoma patients in the past decades, treatment of osteosarcoma is still unsatisfactory for the development of pulmonary metastasis. The potential prognostic value of p16(INK4a) in osteosarcoma has been investigated, however, the results from different studies were somewhat controversial. To elucidate whether p16(INK4a) is indeed a prognostic factor of osteosarcoma, we conducted a meta-analysis of the published literatures to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the significance of p16(INK4a) expression in patients with osteosarcoma. Eight studies with a total of 354 patients with osteosarcoma were examined. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated to evaluate the effect of p16(INK4a) expression on overall survival. Meta-analysis showed that patients with high p16(INK4a) expression were significantly associated with favourable overall survival when compared to their counterparts with low or undetectable p16(INK4a) expression (OR = 0.270, 95% CI 0.162-0.451, P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis suggested the pooled OR was stable and not significantly changed when a single study was removed. In conclusion, the results from this meta-analysis highlight that p16(INK4a) is an effective biomarker of survival in patients with osteosarcoma.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Neoplasias Óseas/química , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/análisis , Osteosarcoma/química , Neoplasias Óseas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Óseas/patología , Neoplasias Óseas/terapia , Humanos , Oportunidad Relativa , Osteosarcoma/mortalidad , Osteosarcoma/patología , Osteosarcoma/terapia , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Análisis de Supervivencia , Factores de Tiempo , Regulación hacia ArribaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To establish the normal reference ranges of transabdominal ultrasound measurements of the posterior fossa structure in fetuses at 11 to 13âº6 gestational weeks and explore their clinical value in screening open spina bifida (OSB). METHODS: Between January, 2013 and September, 541 randomly selected normal fetuses underwent nuchal translucency at the gestational age 11 to 13âº6 weeks. The parameters of the posterior fossa were measured in mid-sagittal view of the fetal face and the axial view of the transverse cerebellum insonated through the anterior fontanel by transabdominal ultrasound to establish the normal reference ranges. The measurements were obtained from 3 fetuses with OSB for comparison with the reference ranges. RESULTS: In normal fetuses, the parameters of the posterior fossa measured in the two views showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Two high echogenic lines were observed in normal fetuses, as compared with one in fetuses with OSB representing the posterior border of the brain stem and the anterior border of the fourth ventricle. The line between the posterior border of the fourth ventricle and the anterior border of the cisterna magna was not displayed in fetuses with OSB. The anteroposterior diameters of the brain stem, the fourth ventricle, and cisterna magna all increased in positive correlation with the crown-lump length in normal fetuses. In the 3 OSB fetuses, the anteroposterior diameter of the brain stem exceeded the 95th percentile and the anteroposterior diameter of fourth ventrical-cisterner magena was below the 5th percentile of the reference range for CRL; the brain stem to fourth ventrical-cisterner magena anteroposterior diameter ratio was increased to above 1. CONCLUSION: The established normal reference ranges of the parameters of fetal posterior fossa may provide assistance in early OSB detection. The absence of the posterior border of the fourth ventricle and the anterior border of the cisterna magna and a brainstem to fourth ventrical-cisterner magena anteroposterior diameter ratio greater than 1 can be indicative of OSB at 11 to 13âº6 gestational weeks.
Asunto(s)
Primer Trimestre del Embarazo , Espina Bífida Quística/diagnóstico por imagen , Ultrasonografía Prenatal , Tronco Encefálico , Cerebelo , Cisterna Magna , Fosa Craneal Posterior , Femenino , Cuarto Ventrículo , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Medida de Translucencia Nucal , Embarazo , Valores de ReferenciaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to screen for possible biomarkers of metastatic osteosarcoma (OS) using a DNA microarray. METHODS: We downloaded the gene expression profile GSE49003 from Gene Expression Omnibus database, which included 6 gene chips from metastatic and 6 from non-metastatic OS patients. The R package was used to screen and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between metastatic and non-metastatic OS patients. Then we compared the expression of DEGs in the two groups and sub-grouped into up-regulated and down-regulated, followed by functional enrichment analysis using the DAVID system. Subsequently, we constructed an miRNA-DEG regulatory network with the help of WebGestalt software. RESULTS: A total of 323 DEGs, including 134 up-regulated and 189 down-regulated, were screened out. The up-regulated DEGs were enriched in 14 subcategories and most significantly in cytoskeleton organization, while the down-regulated DEGs were prevalent in 13 subcategories, especially wound healing. In addition, we identified two important miRNAs (miR-202 and miR-9) pivotal for OS metastasis, and their relevant genes, CALD1 and STX1A. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-202 and miR-9 are potential key factors affecting the metastasis of OS and CALD1 and STX1A may be possible targets beneficial for the treatment of metastatic OS. However, further experimental studies are needed to confirm our results.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Unión a Calmodulina/genética , MicroARNs/genética , Osteosarcoma/genética , Sintaxina 1/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias Óseas/genética , Neoplasias Óseas/patología , Expresión Génica , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Metástasis de la Neoplasia/genética , Metástasis de la Neoplasia/patología , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Osteosarcoma/patología , Mapas de Interacción de Proteínas , Transcriptoma/genéticaRESUMEN
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed and have a critical role in genome regulation. Alterations in the expression of several lncRNAs have been observed in some types of cancers; however, the contributions of lncRNAs to osteosarcoma remain unknown. Here, we describe the expression profile of lncRNAs in osteosarcomas compared with paired adjacent noncancerous tissue using microarray analysis. In our study, 25,733 lncRNAs were expressed in osteosarcoma; 403 lncRNAs were consistently over-regulated and 798 lncRNAs were consistently under-regulated in all samples analyzed (⩾2.0-fold, p<0.05). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to validate six over-regulated and four under-regulated lncRNAs. Bioinformatic analysis (gene ontology analysis, pathway analysis and network analysis) was used for further research. Pathway analysis indicated that 32 pathways corresponded to under-regulated transcripts and that 34 pathways corresponded to over-regulated transcripts (p-value cut-off is 0.05). Our results are the first to reveal differentially expressed lncRNAs in osteosarcoma and suggest that lncRNAs may be novel candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma and potential targets for therapy.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/genética , Osteosarcoma/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos/métodos , ARN Mensajero , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
Based on catastrophe theory, this paper established an index system and catastrophe progression model for the integrated assessment of eco-risk in coastal waters, including three risk types of "eutrophication-heavy metal pollution-organic pollution" and three dimensions of "water-sediment-organism". According to the related quality standards, a four-level evaluation standard of eco-risk (zero, low, medium, and high) was proposed, and by using the monitoring data of 2007 and 2009, an integrated assessment of the eco-risk in Luoyuan Bay was conducted. In 2007-2009, the spatial variation of the eco-risk in Luoyuan Bay had a downward trend from bayhead to baymouth, and the risk level in 2009 was overall lower than that in 2007. The key factor of the eco-risk in the Bay was eutrophication. The approach established in this paper could identify the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of eco-risk in coastal waters, and better reflect the key eco-risk factor, providing a basic approach for effective forecasting and early warning of eco-risk in coastal waters.