RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Undergraduate research projects have never been evaluated despite six decades of dental training in Nigeria. This study evaluated dental graduates' perceptions of the research project from 2013 to 2017. METHODS: A cohort of 93 graduates from a Nigerian University was investigated through the use of self-administered questionnaires on a Google form platform. Analysis was done using descriptive and analytical statistics on SPSS version 16. Statistical significant level was set at P < .05. RESULTS: The cohort showed a very good understanding of research project objectives during their undergraduate training with more male and older students independently choosing their research topics (P > .05). Students' research topics were changed by supervisors in about one-quarter and one-tenth of the male and female students, respectively. About one-third of the students met set deadlines with no significant differences amongst gender and age groups (P > .05). However, only two-thirds of the students submitted their projects before the deadline due to other contending academic works. More males and older age group sought assistance from other academic staff for information on their projects. About one-half of the students reportedly acquired additional knowledge as a direct benefit from the project. Of all the variables associated with the research project, only the level of preparedness to undertake the project was highly statistically significant (P < .05) and this varied significantly amongst gender and age group (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The students demonstrated a good understanding of research project. The perceived level of preparedness to undertake the project was low but significantly higher in male and older age groups.
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Investigación Dental , Universidades , Anciano , Educación en Odontología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Nigeria , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudiantes , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
This study investigated the relationship between masseter muscle thickness and cephalometric facial parameters in pre-orthodontic treatment patients. Participants were grouped according to their vertical facial patterns into low, normal, and high angle facial patterns using standardised lateral cephalometric radiograph. Associations between the masseter muscle thickness (measured using ultrasonography) and different vertical facial patterns were analysed. Masseter muscle thickness in low angle subjects were significantly higher than the normal and high angle cases during both relaxation and contraction phases (P<0.001). Masseter muscle thickness correlated positively with Jarabak ratio and ramus thickness (R1/R2) during both phases, and negatively with LAFH, FMA, MMPA and gonial angle.
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Cara/anatomía & histología , Músculo Masetero/anatomía & histología , Dimensión Vertical , Análisis de Varianza , Cefalometría , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Músculo Masetero/diagnóstico por imagen , Desarrollo Maxilofacial , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To investigate Nigerian children's and their parents' satisfaction with the children's facial and dental appearances and their desire for orthodontic treatment, and to compare their assessments of treatment need with those determined by an orthodontist. METHODS: The subjects were 242 11-14 year-old schoolchildren randomly selected from private and public schools in the Ife Central Local Government area, Nigeria. A questionnaire was used to obtain information from the children and their parents of their liking of the facial and dental appearances of the children and the need and desire for orthodontic treatment. The children, the parents and an orthodontist used the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) to assess the need for treatment. RESULTS: More parents liked their child's facial and dental appearances than the children liked themselves. Almost twice as many schoolchildren thought they needed (27 per cent) and desired (29 per cent) orthodontic treatment than their parents (115 per cent). Low, but statistically significant correlations, were found between the children's, their parents' and an orthodontist's assessments of treatment need using the AC scale. Only 8 per cent of the children and 3 per cent of the parents considered that there was a 'moderate-definite' need of treatment. The orthodontist considered 38 per cent of the children had a 'moderate-definite' need of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The children's responses suggest greater concern about their facial and dental appearances, a greater perception of the need for orthodontic treatment and greater desire for treatment than their parents. These findings require further investigation as previous studies have reported that parents are usually more motivated for orthodontic treatment than their children.
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Estética Dental/psicología , Maloclusión/diagnóstico , Maloclusión/psicología , Ortodoncia Correctiva/psicología , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Estética Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Nigeria , Padres/psicología , Autoimagen , Autoevaluación (Psicología)RESUMEN
Changes that occurred in the pattern of tooth extraction in the last 13 years among a population of children in Nigerian were studied. The result of this study was then compared to that of a past study done in the same institution 13 years earlier. Information on age, gender, and indication of tooth extraction was collected prospectively from 379 consecutive patients who visited the outpatient Pediatric Dental Clinic for the first time during the year 2002. Results showed tooth extraction due to caries decreased, while there was an increase in tooth extraction from an apparent increase in orthodontic treatment needs. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), a significant cause of tooth loss in the last decade, decreased significantly. The pattern of deciduous tooth loss also changed as more anterior teeth were lost for orthodontic reasons in this present study. The pattern of tooth loss in the permanent dentition remains very similar to that of the past study, though more premolars were lost in the present study. There appears to be an increasing need for tooth extractions in orthodontic treatment for this population of children. The focus of planned dental health care provisions, treatment policies, and training emphasis in child dental care may need to shift to addressing orthodontic needs.