Asunto(s)
Celulosa , Fibras de la Dieta , Oryza , Polisacáridos , Oligoelementos/metabolismo , Fenómenos Químicos , QuímicaRESUMEN
Shelled brown rice (100 g/bag) was packed in regular plastic bags in air, in laminated film (nylon-EVA) bags in air, and in laminated bags plus CO2. Samples of each were stored in the dark at 4 C and at 24 C, and samples were removed after 1, 3, 5 and 7 months for analysis of odor changes, free fatty acids, total microbial counts, total lipolytic fungi and bacteria, lipid peroxides and gas chromatographic volatiles profiles. Brown rice in laminated bags plus CO2 was more stable under refrigerated conditions than at ambient temperatures. However, at 24-C storage there was no consistent significant decrease in free fatty acids, lipid peroxides and volatile compounds in these bags compared to the other types of packing. Laminated bags seem to have had an adverse effect on total microbial populations at both 4 and 24 C. Selection of either type of package for brown rice would be governed by end use, storage time and conditions.
Asunto(s)
Celulosa/análisis , Fibras de la Dieta/análisis , Oryza/análisis , Polisacáridos/análisis , Álcalis , SolubilidadRESUMEN
Mycelial growth and production of aflatoxins by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL A-16,462, on whole peanuts, undelintered cottonseed, and shredded wheat was compared to growth and aflatoxin production on 10% broths of the same substrates. The greatest amount of toxins was produced on shredded wheat as a whole substrate. The least amount was produced in shredded wheat broth medium. Intermediate levels of toxin were produced on cottonseed in both types of media. More aflatoxin was produced on peanut broth than on whole peanuts. Mycelial growth on whole shredded wheat was greater than growth on the other solid media though it had the lowest amount of growth of the three broth media. Among whole substrates, growth on fuzzy cottonseed was least but mycelial growth on cottonseed broth was second of the three broth media. Growth on whole peanuts was as great as on shredded wheat; on peanut broth, it was the greatest of the three broth media. On whole substrates, the ratio of aflatoxins B:G produced was highest on shredded wheat and lowest on peanuts. In broth culture the B:G ratio was largest on the cottonseed and lowest on shredded wheat.
RESUMEN
Lipoxygenase activity in three cultivars (purple, green, and white) of eggplant, Solanum melongena, were compared. Activity was greatest in the purple and lowest in the white variety. In contrast to reports that NaCN did not inhibit eggplant lipoxygenase, in these studies cyanide completely inhibited the enzyme in all three varieties.
Asunto(s)
Cianuros/farmacología , Inhibidores de la Lipooxigenasa , Plantas/enzimología , Cinética , Plantas/efectos de los fármacos , Especificidad de la EspecieAsunto(s)
Arachis/análisis , Proteínas de Plantas/aislamiento & purificación , Semillas/enzimología , Fosfatasa Ácida/análisis , Oxidorreductasas de Alcohol/análisis , Catalasa/análisis , Cromatografía DEAE-Celulosa , Electroforesis Discontinua , Electroforesis en Gel de Almidón , Esterasas/análisis , Globulinas/análisis , Inmunoelectroforesis , Isoenzimas/análisis , Leucil Aminopeptidasa/análisis , Oxidorreductasas/análisis , Peroxidasas/análisis , Inhibidores de Tripsina/análisisAsunto(s)
Arachis/análisis , Proteínas de Plantas , Semillas/enzimología , Reactivos de Sulfhidrilo , Fosfatasa Ácida/antagonistas & inhibidores , Oxidorreductasas de Alcohol/antagonistas & inhibidores , Catalasa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Electroforesis Discontinua , Electroforesis en Gel de Almidón , Conservación de Alimentos , Congelación , Leucil Aminopeptidasa , Peso Molecular , Oxidación-Reducción , Oxidorreductasas , Proteínas de Plantas/análisis , Proteínas de Plantas/aislamiento & purificación , Conformación Proteica , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Grano Comestible/metabolismo , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Cromatografía de Gases , Cromatografía en Capa Delgada , Grano Comestible/crecimiento & desarrollo , Ésteres/metabolismo , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Ácidos Grasos no Esterificados/metabolismo , Glicósidos/metabolismo , Fosfatidilcolinas/metabolismo , Fosfatidiletanolaminas/metabolismo , Semillas/metabolismo , Esteroles/metabolismo , Factores de Tiempo , Triglicéridos/metabolismoAsunto(s)
Oxigenasas/análisis , Arachis , Cromatografía de Gases , Ácidos Linoleicos , Métodos , Plantas/enzimologíaAsunto(s)
Lipasa , Isótopos de Carbono , Cromatografía en Capa Delgada , Éteres , Ácidos Grasos , Glicéridos , Plantas/enzimología , Plantas Tóxicas , Ricinus/enzimología , Trioleína , TritioAsunto(s)
Amidohidrolasas , Plantas/enzimología , Alantoína , Centrifugación por Gradiente de Densidad , Citratos , Hidroliasas/análisis , Liasas/análisis , Malatos , Mitocondrias/enzimología , Células Vegetales , Desarrollo de la Planta , Plantas Tóxicas , Ricinus/citología , Ricinus/enzimología , Ricinus/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
Subcellular fractions from the cotyledon obtained by differential and density gradient centrifugation, and extracts of total proteins from both cotyledon and axial tissues were analyzed by diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography, zone electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation, immunodiffusion, and immunoelectrophoresis. Fractionation and characterization of proteins in subcellular organelles of the peanut reaffirm that alpha-arachin is located in the protein bodies of the cells. Results obtained by diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography of subcellular fractions suggest that some of the conarachin proteins are cytoplasmic. alpha(1)-Conarachin is cytoplasmic, and alpha(2)-conarachin is particle-bound. alpha-Arachin and alpha(2)-conarachin predominate in the cotyledon. Quantitative differences for other proteins were also observed. Although qualitative similarities are apparent by immunoelectrophoresis, major differences were observed in the sedimentation patterns, zone electrophoreograms, and in the diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatograms of total protein extracts from the cotyledon and the axis.