RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: stunted growth is the most common manifestation of malnutrition in México. Breastfeeding, adequate introduction of complementary feeding and dietary diversity can avoid this. OBJECTIVE: to characterize the feeding practices in children 1-24 months of age in rural communities of Hidalgo and define their relationship with stunting. METHODS: a 24-hour recall was used to obtain information. Z-scores for length-for-age (ZLA), complementary feeding (CF) and minimal dietary diversity (MDD) were determined. The sample was divided into breastfed and not breastfed children. RESULTS: one hundred eighty nine mother-child dyads were evaluated; 59.3% were breastfed and 40.7% were not. Stunting was found in 10.1% and was identified starting at the fourth month of life. This was accompanied by early CF close to the third month (57.0%) and by a reduction in exclusive breastfeeding during the second month of life to only 30%. The proportion of not breastfed children with stunting (27.5%) was almost twice that of breastfed children (12.0%) (p < 0.03). By age, mean ZLA was different with a trend towards stunting increasing with age (p < 0.05): 1-6 months -0.463 ± 1.445; 7-12 months -0.669 ± 1.225; and 13-24 months -0.985 ± 0.917. MDD was greater in not breastfed children (69.7%) (p < 0.04) and by age greater in children 13-24 months (69.7%) (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: the feeding practices of most mothers did not meet WHO recommendations. It is necessary to carry out nutrition education interventions aimed at mothers in rural population.
Asunto(s)
Lactancia Materna/estadística & datos numéricos , Dieta , Trastornos del Crecimiento/epidemiología , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales del Lactante , Población Rural , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Trastornos del Crecimiento/etiología , Humanos , Lactante , Trastornos de la Nutrición del Lactante/epidemiología , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Desnutrición/complicaciones , Desnutrición/epidemiología , México/epidemiología , MadresRESUMEN
Introduction: stunted growth is the most common manifestation of malnutrition in México. Breastfeeding, adequate introduction of complementary feeding and dietary diversity can avoid this. Objective: to characterize the feeding practices in children 1-24 months of age in rural communities of Hidalgo and define their relationship with stunting. Methods: a 24-hour recall was used to obtain information. Z-scores for length-for-age (ZLA), complementary feeding (CF) and minimal dietary diversity (MDD) were determined. The sample was divided into breastfed and not breastfed children Results: one hundred eighty nine mother-child dyads were evaluated; 59.3% were breastfed and 40.7% were not. Stunting was found in 10.1% and was identified starting at the fourth month of life. This was accompanied by early CF close to the third month (57.0%) and by a reduction in exclusive breastfeeding during the second month of life to only 30%. The proportion of not breastfed children with stunting (27.5%) was almost twice that of breastfed children (12.0%) (p < 0.03). By age, mean ZLA was different with a trend towards stunting increasing with age (p < 0.05): 1-6 months -0.463 ± 1.445; 7-12 months -0.669 ± 1.225; and 13-24 months -0.985 ± 0.917. MDD was greater in not breastfed children (69.7%) (p < 0.04) and by age greater in children 13-24 months (69.7%) (p < 0.02). Conclusions: the feeding practices of most mothers did not meet WHO recommendations. It is necessary to carry out nutrition education interventions aimed at mothers in rural population
Introducción: el retraso en el crecimiento es la forma más común de desnutrición en México. La lactancia materna, la introducción adecuada de alimentos complementarios y la diversidad en la dieta pueden evitarla. Objetivo: caracterizar las prácticas de alimentación de niños de 1-24 meses de comunidades rurales de Hidalgo y determinar su relación con baja talla. Métodos: se aplicó un recordatorio de 24 horas para obtener la información. Se determinó la puntuación Z longitud para la edad (ZLE), alimentación complementaria (AC) y diversidad alimentaria mínima (DAM). La muestra fue dividida en niños amamantados y no amantados. Resultados: se evaluaron 189 diadas madre-hijo, 59.3% fueron amamantados y 40,7% no lo fueron. La baja talla fue del 10,1%, identificada a partir del cuarto mes, acompañada de AC precoz cerca del tercer mes (57,0%) y la disminución de la lactancia materna exclusiva durante el segundo mes de edad a solo 30%. La proporción de niños no amamantados con baja talla (27,5%) fue más del doble que los niños amamantados (12,0%) (p < 0,03). Por edad, las medias de ZLE fueron diferentes con tendencia hacia la baja talla, aumentando con la edad (p < 0,05): 1-6 meses, -0,463 ± 1,445; 7-12 meses, -0,669 ± 1,225; y 13-24 meses, -0,985 ± 0,917. La DAM fue mayor en los niños no amamantados (67,1%) (p < 0,04) y, por edad, mayor en niños de 13-24 meses (69,7%) (p < 0,02). Conclusión: las prácticas de alimentación en la mayoría de las madres evaluadas no cumplen con las recomendaciones de la WHO. Se recomienda realizar intervenciones educativas nutricionales dirigidas a las madres