RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sexual violence has a several negative impact on women's health. Thus, the health system is a gateway for the multisector response to victims. In 2018, the Clinical Forensic Hospital Units (UCFH) in Chile were launched for this purpose. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the state of implementation of the UCFH in the health services (HS) in Chile. METHOD: This is a quantitative descriptive, cross-sectional study. A survey was designed and applied through the Google Forms platform to the managers of the care and prevention network for victims of sexual violence (VSV) of each SS. The contact of each manager was requested by each HS in three ways: transparency law, lobby law, and telephone. Each HS was classified according to the existence or not of UCFH and for each unit the availability of resources was evaluated according to the recommendations of the Technical Standard of Attention to VSV of the Ministry of Health. Also, the functioning of each unit during the pandemic was evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty-four of the 29 HSs responded, of which 12 reported having UCFH. Of the 12 units, 50% had complete infrastructure, 58.3% had complete instruments, none had full human resources, 50% had partial HR, 50% had sampling complete, and 58. 3% had full health benefits. The function during the pandemic was affected in 25% of the units. CONCLUSION: Challenges persist in the implementation of the UCFH, with special limitations in the availability of human resources.
Asunto(s)
Delitos Sexuales , Chile , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Delitos Sexuales/estadística & datos numéricos , Delitos Sexuales/legislación & jurisprudencia , Femenino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Medicina Legal , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Unidades Hospitalarias/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
Allergic asthma has emerged as a prevalent allergic disease worldwide, affecting most prominently both young individuals and lower-income populations in developing and developed countries. To devise effective and curative immunotherapy, it is crucial to comprehend the intricate nature of this condition, characterized by an immune response imbalance that favors a proinflammatory profile orchestrated by diverse subsets of immune cells. Although the involvement of Natural Killer T (NKT) cells in asthma pathology is frequently implied, their specific contributions to disease onset and progression remain incompletely understood. Given their remarkable ability to modulate the immune response through the rapid secretion of various cytokines, NKT cells represent a promising target for the development of effective immunotherapy against allergic asthma. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of NKT cells in the context of allergic asthma, along with novel therapeutic approaches that leverage the functional response of these cells.
Asunto(s)
Asma , Hipersensibilidad , Células T Asesinas Naturales , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad/terapia , Citocinas , InmunoterapiaRESUMEN
Multidomain proteins account for 70% of the eukaryotic proteome. In genetic disease, multidomain proteins are often affected by numerous mutations, but the effects of these mutations on protein stability and their roles in genetic disease are not well understood. Here, we analyzed protein globular domains to understand how genetic mutations affect the stability of multidomain proteins in inherited disease. In total, 291 domain atomic structures from nine multidomain proteins were modeled by homology, equilibrated using molecular dynamics in water, and subjected to global computational mutagenesis. The domains were separated into 7 groups based on protein fold homology. Mutation propensities within each group of domains were then averaged to select residues critical for domain fold stability. The consensus derived from the sequence alignment shows that the critical residues determined by global mutagenesis are conserved within each group. From this analysis, we concluded that 80% of known disease-related genetic variants are associated with critical residues and are expected to have significant destabilizing effects on domain structure. Our work provides an in silico quantification of protein stability and could help to analyze the complex relationship among missense mutations, multidomain protein stability, and disease phenotypes in inherited eye disease.