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PURPOSE: The relationship between dietary zinc (Zn) intake, metabolic diseases, and telomere length has been little explored in the children population. This observational cross-sectional study assesses the association between obesity (OB), cardiometabolic traits, telomere length, and dietary Zn intake in children with normal weight (NW) and OB from Mexico City. METHODS: Anthropometric data, blood pressure, biochemical measurements, the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and leucocyte telomere length (determined by quantitative-PCR) were analyzed in 171 children with NW and 172 with OB. Furthermore, dietary Zn intake was evaluated in 117 children NW and 120 with OB. RESULTS: Telomere shortening was associated with fasting plasma insulin (FPI) and HOMA-IR in NW (beta coefficient [ß]FPI = -0.022 ± 0.008, p = 0.009; ßHOMA-IR = -0.096 ± 0.040, p = 0.020) and OB (ßFPI = -0.007 ± 0.002, p = 0.003; ßHOMA-IR = -0.034 ± 0.012, p = 0.005) children. Dietary Zn intake resulted negatively associated with FPI (ß = -2.418 ± 0.764, p = 0.002) and HOMA-IR (ß = -0.399 ± 0.014, p = 0.009) in children with OB. Then, in children with OB, the association between FPI, HOMA-IR, and telomere shortening was evaluated separately in groups of low, medium, and high dietary Zn intake (according to tertiles). The association between FPI, HOMA-IR, and telomere shortening was not significant in the high Zn intake group (PFPI = 0.633; PHOMA-IR = 0.567). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a high Zn intake may ameliorate the telomere shortening related to high FPI and HOMA-IR.
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Background: Breast cancer shows significant clinical, morphologic, and molecular variation. Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes composed of hexanucleotide repeat DNA sequence, TTAGGG, and numerous telomere-associated proteins. The maintenance of telomere length is carried out by a ribonucleoprotein called telomerase, which consists of two main components: a catalytic subunit called hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase) and an RNA template called hTR (human telomerase RNA). The importance of evaluating hTERT expression lies in its potential therapeutic application, being an attractive target due to its almost non-existent expression in normal somatic cells. It is also expected that the anti-neoplastic effect would appear earlier in neoplastic cells with shorter telomeres. Additionally, a significant relationship has been observed between Her2-Neu overexpression and Her2-Neu positivity, which could suggest new combined therapies.The aim of this study was to detect the expression of hTERT, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2-Neu in neoplastic breast tissue embedded in paraffin before treatment and to investigate the relationship between them and with baseline and post-treatment telomere length, as well as with various clinicopathological parameters. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional-correlational, 21 women diagnosed with breast cancer at the Oncology Service of the High Specialty Medical Unit No. 1 of Bajio of the Mexican Institute of Social Security. The study complies with the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (R-2019-1001-127). A peripheral blood sample was obtained before oncological treatment and at the end of oncological treatment for the measurement of telomere length by extracting DNA from leukocytes, was performed by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method described by Cawthon. Tumor samples were collected from each patient at the oncology department for immunohistochemical determination of biomarker expression (ER, PR, Her2/neu) and hTERT. Results: Of the 21 cases included in the study, the median age was 57.57 years. Eighteen cases were classified as invasive ductal carcinoma NOS (85.71%), 10 were histologic grade 2 (47.61%), 16 cases were hormone receptor positive (76.19%), 7 were Her2Neu positive (33.33%), and only 2 cases were triple negative (9.52%). Positive hTERT expression was detected in 11 cases (52.38%) and was negative in the remaining cases. A significant association was identified between hTERT-positive cases and Her2-Neu positive cases (p = 0.04). Baseline and post-treatment telomere lengths showed a significant difference using the non-parametric Wilcoxon t-test (p = 0.002). In hTERT-positive cases, there was significant telomere shortening at the end of oncological treatment (6.14 ± 1.54 vs. 4.75 ± 1.96 Kb, p = 0.007). Conclusion: Positive hTERT immunostaining cases were associated with poor prognostic factors, such as Her2-Neu overexpression and post-treatment telomere shortening. In the future, hTERT immunostaining could be used to select patients for therapies with antagonistic effects on hTERT, as well as in the selection of more appropriate chemotherapy regimens for patients who express it.
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Congenital Hemophilia A is a complex disease to treat, especially in places without access to hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs). The primary aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of a cohort of adult people with congenital hemophilia A in an HTC localized in the Bajio region of Mexico. Observational retrospective study of a cohort of 82 adult people with congenital hemophilia A treated in a tertiary-level hospital in the Bajio region of Mexico, between June 2022 and June 2023. The median age of the patients was 29.5 years, 60.9% with severe hemophilia A, 53.6% were under some factor VIII prophylaxis regimen, and 52.4% had home therapy. The median annualized bleeding rate (ABR) was one bleed/year (IQR 0-3 bleeds/year) including a median of zero joint bleeds/year (IQR 0-3 bleeds/year). The presence of high-response inhibitors was detected in 8.5%, with an overall incidence of inhibitors of 14.6% of the cohort. Univariate analysis showed that inhibitors (OR 21.10; CI 95% 1.20-370.3; P = 0.03) and clinical arthropathy (OR 6.14; CI 95% 2.13-17.68; P = 0.001) were significantly higher in severe hemophilia. Clinically significant arthropathy was found in 71.9% of patients. Ultrasonography of the target joints showed that mainly cartilage degeneration was affected. Blood transfusion-associated viral infections were detected in 10.9% of patients. In our HTC, current treatment with hemostatic agents allows adequate control of ABR with acceptable inhibitor rates. However, we still have joint damage in most patients, which is partly explained by the fact that prophylaxis was introduced only in recent years.
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Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) is an idiopathic avascular necrosis of the pediatric femoral head. Bone remodeling and bone structural genes have the potential to contribute to the progression of LCPD when there is disequilibrium between bone resorption and bone formation. A case-control study was performed to search for associations of several common polymorphisms in the genes Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor κappa B (RANK), Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor κappa B Ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), interleukin (IL)-6, and type 1 collagen (COL1A1) with LCPD susceptibility in Mexican children. A total of 23 children with LCPD and 46 healthy controls were genotyped for seven polymorphisms (rs3018362, rs12585014, rs2073618, rs1800795, rs1800796, rs1800012, and rs2586498) in the RANK, RANKL, OPG, IL-6, and COL1A1 genes by real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probes. The variant allele (C) of IL-6 rs1800795 was associated with increased risk of LCPD (odds ratio [OR]: 3.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.08-13.54], p = 0.033), adjusting data by body mass index (BMI) and coagulation factor V (FV), the association with increased risk remained (OR: 4.9, 95% CI: [1.14-21.04], p = 0.025). The OPG polymorphism rs2073618, specifically GC-GG carriers, was associated with a more than fourfold increased risk of developing LCPD (OR: 4.34, 95% CI: [1.04-18.12], p = 0.033) when data were adjusted by BMI-FV. There was no significant association between RANK rs3018362, RANKL rs12585014, IL-6 rs1800796, COL1A1 rs1800012, and rs2586498 polymorphisms and LCPD in a sample of Mexican children. The rs1800975 and rs2037618 polymorphisms in the IL-6 and OPG genes, respectively, are informative markers of increased risk of LCPD in Mexican children.
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Remodelación Ósea , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Interleucina-6 , Enfermedad de Legg-Calve-Perthes , Osteoprotegerina , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Ligando RANK , Humanos , Osteoprotegerina/genética , Enfermedad de Legg-Calve-Perthes/genética , Interleucina-6/genética , Masculino , Femenino , México , Niño , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Remodelación Ósea/genética , Ligando RANK/genética , Colágeno Tipo I/genética , Cadena alfa 1 del Colágeno Tipo I/genética , Preescolar , Receptor Activador del Factor Nuclear kappa-B/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis is a highly prevalent disease. Patients undergo various medical and pharmacological treatments, which have an economic impact on hospitals. The aim of this study was to estimate the direct economic costs of Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) resources used to provide healthcare to adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis in 2016-2017. METHODS: Data of patients aged > 18 years with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) were obtained from databases and public information sources to estimate the use of IMSS resources for the target population. Total costs were estimated by means of the macro-costing method, employing the diagnosis-related group (DRG). Each DRG of the IMSS was constructed with one of the diagnoses and the respective combination of clinical characteristics included in the ICD-9. This study was conducted from the national perspective of IMSS, the largest healthcare service administrator in the country. As such, it can be considered representative of the broader healthcare landscape in Mexico. RESULTS: The total cost per year of furnishing inpatient care to RA patients was found to be $170,099,794 MXN ($9,096,245.67 USD) for 2016 and $167,039,481 MXN ($8,932,592.57 USD) for 2017, implying an enormous economic impact on the government budget for Mexican public health services. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that the direct costs of musculoskeletal and cardiovascular surgery represented the highest costs of RA in-hospital care at IMSS (the largest health institution in Mexico) in 2016 and 2017. Further studies are needed that include the cost of drugs and other indirect costs in addition to our results to get the most accurate approximation of the cost of living with RA.
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Artritis Reumatoide , Costos de la Atención en Salud , Adulto , Humanos , México/epidemiología , Alta del Paciente , Atención a la Salud , Artritis Reumatoide/epidemiología , Artritis Reumatoide/terapiaRESUMEN
Background: Despite the existence of national and international guidelines, multiple studies show that the clinical use of blood components is not based on scientific evidence; this situation replicates, therefore it was necessary to apply an assessment tool in our medical unit. Objective: Assessment the knowledge in transfusion medicine in medical residents who have high requirements of blood hemocomponentes in Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Especialidades No.1 Centro Médico Nacional Bajío. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed, and through a validated test the knowledge in transfusional medicine of residents of the unit was evaluated. Results: 100 residents participated in the research, most of them from the anesthesiology department; as a result, the evaluation tool showed a "Fair" performance in 75% of the participants. No specialty achieved a "Satisfactory" result. Conclusions: The application of this tool is the first step to develop and implement strategies to reduce unjustified transfusions of blood components and thus continue to provide excellent care to beneficiaries, minimizing risks and optimizing institutional resources.
Introducción: a pesar de la existencia de guías tanto nacionales como internacionales, múltiples estudios han puesto de manifiesto que el uso clínico de hemocomponentes no está basado en la evidencia científica; esta situación se replica y es necesario modificarla. Por ello, se planteó aplicar una herramienta de evaluación de conocimientos en medicina transfusional para tal fin en nuestra unidad. Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento sobre medicina transfusional en médicos residentes de las especialidades con más demandas de hemocomponentes del Hospital de Especialidades No.1 del Centro Médico Nacional Bajío. Material y métodos: se diseñó un estudio transversal descriptivo y, por medio de un examen validado, se evaluó el conocimiento en medicina transfusional de médicos residentes de las especialidades que indican el mayor número de transfusiones en la unidad. Resultados: se contó con la participación de 100 residentes; la mayor participación fue de la especialidad de Anestesiología. El 75% de los participantes obtuvieron un desempeño "Regular" en la herramienta de evaluación. Ninguna especialidad alcanzó un resultado "Satisfactorio". Conclusiones: la aplicación de esta herramienta es el primer paso para desarrollar e implementar estrategias que permitan disminuir las transfusiones de hemocomponentes injustificadas y de esta manera seguir brindando una atención de excelencia a los derechohabientes, minimizando riesgos y optimizando recursos institucionales.
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Internado y Residencia , Medicina Transfusional , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Transfusión Sanguínea , HospitalesRESUMEN
El hemangioendotelioma epitelioide es un tumor vascular infrecuente, descrito por primera vez en 1975 por Dail y Liebow como un carcinoma bronquioloalveolar. Habitualmente, se comporta como una neoplasia de bajo grado; sin embargo, se han descrito casos en los que el tumor manifiesta una elevada agresividad, extendiéndose con rapidez por todo el organismo. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 41 años con dermatosis en muslo izquierdo y extensión rápida a abdomen, cuyo diagnóstico inicial fue de un carcinoma metastásico vs. linfoma. En la revisión de laminillas, se confirmó el diagnóstico de hemangioendotelioma epitelioide de piel, iniciando tratamiento con radioterapia. Este tumor afecta excepcionalmente la piel, habiéndose descrito pocos casos en la literatura médica.(AU)
Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor, first described in 1975 by Dail and Liebow as a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Although it usually behaves like a low-grade neoplasm, cases have been reported in which the tumor shows a high grade of malignancy, spreading rapidly throughout the body. We present the case of a 41-year-old man with dermatosis in the left thigh with rapid extension to the abdomen; the initial differential diagnoses were metastatic carcinoma versus lymphoma. When the histopathology was re-examined, a diagnosis of skin epithelioid hemangioendothelioma was confirmed and treatment with radiotherapy was initiated. This tumour rarely affects the skin; there are only a few previously reported cases.(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Hemangioendotelioma Epitelioide/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Neoplasias de Tejido Vascular , Pacientes Internos , Examen Físico , Evaluación de Síntomas , Resultado del Tratamiento , Dermatosis de la Pierna , Patología , Servicio de Patología en Hospital , NeoplasiasRESUMEN
Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor, first described in 1975 by Dail and Liebow as a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Although it usually behaves like a low-grade neoplasm, cases have been reported in which the tumor shows a high grade of malignancy, spreading rapidly throughout the body. We present the case of a 41-year-old man with dermatosis in the left thigh with rapid extension to the abdomen; the initial differential diagnoses were metastatic carcinoma versus lymphoma. When the histopathology was re-examined, a diagnosis of skin epithelioid hemangioendothelioma was confirmed and treatment with radiotherapy was initiated. This tumour rarely affects the skin; there are only a few previously reported cases.
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Hemangioendotelioma Epitelioide , Hemangioendotelioma , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Adulto , Niño , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Hemangioendotelioma/diagnóstico , Hemangioendotelioma Epitelioide/diagnóstico , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Diabetic foot syndrome, a long term consequence of Diabetes Mellitus, is the most common cause of non-traumatic amputations. Around 8% of the world population suffers from diabetes, 15% of diabetic patients present a diabetic foot ulcer which leads to amputation in 2.5% of the cases. There is no objective method for the early diagnosis and prevention of the syndrome and its consequences. We test terahertz imaging, which is capable of mapping the cutaneous hydration, for the evaluation of the diabetic foot deterioration as an early diagnostic test as well as ulcers prevention and tracking tool. Furthermore, the analysis of our terahertz measurements combined with neurological and vascular assessment of the patients indicates that the dehydration is mainly related to the peripheral neuropathy without a significant vascular cause.
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Pie Diabético/diagnóstico por imagen , Nefropatías Diabéticas/fisiopatología , Imágen por Terahertz/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Deshidratación/fisiopatología , Pie Diabético/fisiopatología , Nefropatías Diabéticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico , Factores de Riesgo , Piel/metabolismoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Aging is a natural process involving dysfunction of multiple organs and is characterized by increased susceptibility to infections, cancer and autoimmune diseases. The functionality of the immune system depends on the capacity of lymphocytes to proliferate in response to antigenic challenges, and telomere length has an important role regulating the number of cell divisions. The aim of this study was to determine the possible relationship between telomere length, interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, CD25 expression and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in aged men. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Telomere length was measured by RT-PCR in PBMCs from young and aged men. IL-2 production and CD25 expression were determined by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell proliferation was measured by CFSE dilution assays upon in vitro stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A). RESULTS: PBMCs from aged men showed a shorter telomere length and a reduced capacity to proliferate in vitro, compared to young men. In contrast, no significant differences in the level of CD25 expression on T lymphocytes, and in vitro production of IL-2 were detected in both groups. In addition, no significant correlation was detected between levels of CD25 expression, IL-2 production, cell proliferation, and telomere length in aged men. CONCLUSIONS: In aged men the telomere length shortening and the reduced T cell proliferation are not related to the capacity of IL-2 production and CD25 expression on T lymphocytes.
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A 46- year-old woman presented a uterine adenosarcoma originating in the lower uterine segment. The diagnosis was made in an endometrial biopsy and confirmed in the pathological examination of the complete surgical specimen, both identifying heterologous malignant elements. In addition, complementary immunohistochemical studies were performed. We reviewed the literature, illustrating the clinical and morphological characteristics and the differential diagnoses to be evaluated.
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Objective. To assess the self-reported impact of hurricane Maria on the perceived academic performance of student pharmacists at Nova Southeastern University's (NSU) Puerto Rico Regional Campus. Methods. A 37-item electronic instrument, the Hurricane Impact Survey, was created and sent by email to all student pharmacists ≥21 years old enrolled at NSU-COP Puerto Rico Campus during the fall 2017 semester. The electronic survey was available through Redcap platform for four weeks. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and logistic regression were used to analyze students' responses. Qualitative analysis was used to identify emerging themes in the open-ended comments. Results. A total of 150 student pharmacists completed the survey for a response rate of 69% (150/215). More than 70% of student pharmacists perceived that their academic performance was affected after the hurricane. About one third of students reported not being able to function mentally at the same level as they had prior to the storm (n=53, 35%) and reported having difficulty sleeping (n=54, 36%). Female student pharmacists were more likely than male student pharmacists to report not being able to function at the same level mentally as they had before the hurricane (41% vs 17%). In the multivariate analysis, first- and second-year student pharmacists were more likely to perceive a negative impact on their academic performance compared to third- and fourth-year student pharmacists. Lack of preparedness, gratefulness, and campus management were the themes that emerged from the qualitative analysis. Conclusion. Hurricane Maria had a significant impact on the lives of student pharmacists in Puerto Rico. This led to a perception of diminished academic performance, especially among first- and second-year students. The results can be used to guide preparedness and response to natural disasters in academic settings.
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Rendimiento Académico , Tormentas Ciclónicas , Percepción , Farmacéuticos , Estudiantes de Farmacia , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Puerto Rico , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Some evidence has shown that malignant breast tumours have lower electrical impedance than surrounding normal tissues. Electrical impedance could be used as an indicator for breast cancer detection. The purpose of our study was to analyse the sensitivity and specificity of electrical impedance mammography (EIM) and its implementation for the differential diagnosis of pathological lesions of the breast, either alone or in combination with mammography/ultrasound, in 1200 women between 25 and 70 years old. METHODS: This study is a prospective, cross-sectional epidemiological observational study of serial screening. The women were invited to participate and signed a consent letter. Impedance imaging of the mammary gland was evaluated with the computerized mammography equipment of MEIK electroimpedance v.5.6. (0.5 mA, 50 kHz), developed and manufactured by PKF SIM-Technika®. The successful identification of breast cancer along with the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of EIM were determined as follows: % sensitivity; % specificity; % positive predictive value (PPV); and % negative predictive value (NPV). RESULTS: EIM had a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 96%; the positive predictive value was 12%, and the negative predictive value was 99%. Seven cases were biopsy confirmed cancers. Significant correlations between the electrical conductivity index and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.04) and patient age were observed (p = 0.01). We also observed that the average conductivity distribution increased according to age group (p = 0.001). We used the chi-squared test to assess the interactions between percent density and BMI (normal < 25 kg/m2 (n = 310), overweight 25-29.9 kg/m2 (n = 418) and obese ≥30 (n = 437)) (p < 0.05). The patients with a diagnosis of mammary carcinoma had a BMI of 35.51 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that the use of monofrequency electrical impedance mammography (EIM) in the detection of breast cancer had a sensitivity and specificity of 85 and 96%, respectively. These findings may support future research in the early detection of breast cancer. EIM is a non-radiation method that may also be used as a screening method for young women with dense breasts and a high risk of developing breast cancer.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Glándulas Mamarias Humanas/diagnóstico por imagen , Mamografía , Adulto , Anciano , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Estudios Transversales , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Glándulas Mamarias Humanas/patología , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition is common in haemodialysis patients and closely related to morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the effect of twelve weeks of supplementation with resveratrol and curcumin on recovery of bone and muscle mass and protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation on patients with chronic kidney disease and iron overload undergoing hemodialysis, we performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS: We included a total of 40 patients, were randomly assigned to two groups, 20 to the group with antioxidant supplementation (Resveratrol + Curcumin) (Group A), treated with a daily oral dose of 500 mg of Resveratrol and 500 mg of Curcumin, and 20 to the control group treated with placebo (Group B). RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the body composition of the patients between both groups. There was a significant difference in Body Mass Index (BMI) values (p = 0.002), fat percentage (p = 0.007), muscle mass (p = 0.01) bone mass (p = 0.01), as well as in the score of the subjective global evaluation (p = 0.03). Also differences were found between the basal and final serum levels of Triglycerides (TG) (p = 0.01), VLDL (p = 0.003). A significant decrease in the levels of serum ferritin (2003.69 ± 518.73 vs 1795.65 ± 519.00 ng/mL; p = 0.04). Nor were significant differences observed between the baseline and the final Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) values (70.45 ± 69.21 vs 50.19 ± 32.62, p = 0.24). The same results was obtained for carbonyl values (2.67 ± 0.75 vs 2.50 ± 0.85; p = 0.50). DISCUSSION: The present study is the first assay on patients with chronic kidney disease and iron overload that demonstrates the beneficial effects of combined supplementation with Curcumin and Resveratrol on muscle and bone mass. There was a significant decrease in circulating levels of ferritin, to finding that remarkably novel.
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Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Curcumina/administración & dosificación , Suplementos Dietéticos , Sobrecarga de Hierro/tratamiento farmacológico , Diálisis Renal , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Resveratrol/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Curcumina/farmacología , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Ferritinas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculos/efectos de los fármacos , Resveratrol/farmacología , Triglicéridos/sangreRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hand deformities have been recognized since the 19th century as part of the postural abnormalities observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, their pathogenesis and clinical correlations are poorly understood. METHODS: We evaluated 104 hands of 52 consecutive patients with PD by high-resolution photographs taken from the radial aspect of each hand; the degree of flexion of the 2nd metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint was measured by software. The presence of classical striatal hand deformity (CSHD) was also evaluated, defined as MCP flexion, proximal interphalangeal joint extension, and distal interphalangeal joint flexion. RESULTS: Patients with PD had a mean age of 63.3 ± 12.7 years, and 29 (56%) were male. The degree of MCP joint flexion in both hands showed moderate correlation with the MDS-UPDRS-III motor score (r = 0.518, P < 0.001), mainly related to ipsilateral rigidity and ipsilateral bradykinesia scores, and fair correlation with the Hoehn-Yahr stage. A CSHD only correlated with a younger age at onset of PD (P = 0.049). These hand deformities were not markers of dyskinesia, levodopa equivalent dose, or cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Metacarpophalangeal joint flexion is the most common hand deformity in PD and correlates with rigidity and bradykinesia. A CSHD was only related to a younger age at onset.
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Deformidades Adquiridas de la Mano/patología , Enfermedad de Parkinson/patología , Anciano , Femenino , Mano/patología , Deformidades Adquiridas de la Mano/etiología , Articulaciones de la Mano/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad de Parkinson/complicacionesRESUMEN
Iron molecule is of great importance in the synthesis of hemoglobin which is essential for oxygen transport. Iron levels are quantified by accurately high sensitivity tests, such as serum ferritin (SF). However, common studies to quantify SF are long and strenuous (~ 5 h), for example enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In this paper, blood serum samples were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy (RS), and a computational analysis of spectra is proposed to detect differences in SF as an alternative procedure. Serum samples were obtained from 22 patients, 9 who were clinically diagnosed with anemia and 13 controls. Patients with anemia had low levels of SF (< 30 ng/ml), and a control group had levels between 30 and 500 ng/ml. The spectra obtained were conditioned with a baseline correction and smoothing, then evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA), and a predictive model was estimated by lineal discrimination analysis (LDA). The results showed a clear differentiation of the study groups by PCA, also 99.69% sensitivity and 100% specificity by LDA. This study suggest that Raman spectroscopy is a fast (~ 5 min) and a powerful tool capable to qualitative differentiate ferritin concentrations.
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Ferritinas/sangre , Análisis de Componente Principal , Espectrometría Raman , Análisis Discriminante , Humanos , Hierro , Curva ROCRESUMEN
Differentiated cells telomere length is an indicator of senescence or lifespan; however, in peripheral blood leukocytes the relative shortening of the telomere has been considered as a biological marker of aging, and lengthening telomere as an associated risk to cancer. Individual's age, type of tissue, lifestyle, and environmental factors make telomere length variable. The presence of environmental carcinogens such as arsenic (As) influence as causal agents of these alterations, the main modes of action for As described are oxidative stress, reduction in DNA repair capacity, overexpression of genes, alteration of telomerase activity, and damage to telomeres. The telomeres of leukocytes resulting a finite capacity of replication due to the low or no activity of the telomerase enzyme, therefore, elongation telomere in this kind of cells is a potential biological marker associated with the development of chronic diseases and carcinogenesis.
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Resumen Se evaluó el efecto fisiológico del consumo de arepas de maíz enriquecidas con 10% (p/p) de pectina extraída de cáscara de curuba sobre los niveles séricos de glucosa y lípidos en adultos voluntarios. La pectina se extrajo con ácido clorhídrico y se precipitó con etanol del 96% (v/v). En primer lugar, los voluntarios consumieron arepa sin pectina por siete días; después, arepa con 10% (p/p) de pectina cítrica comercial por 20 días y, finalmente, arepa con 10% de pectina de curuba por 20 días. Al mismo tiempo, se realizó un análisis sensorial de aceptación. Los resultados mostraron que, al consumir arepa con pectina de curuba, los niveles séricos de glucosa disminuyeron significativamente (5,88% (p = 0,023)), mientras que el perfil lipídico no se afectó. La arepa con pectina de curuba mostró mayor porcentaje de fibra dietética soluble, insoluble y total, así como menor porcentaje de carbohidratos disponibles, respecto a las otras arepas analizadas. El panel sensorial dictaminó baja aceptación en sabor y textura para las arepas con pectina cítrica comercial y con pectina de curuba. Se concluyó que la pectina de curuba puede aprovecharse para la formulación de arepas ya que ofrece a los consumidores un alimento benéfico para reducir los niveles de glucosa en la sangre.
Abstract The physiological effect of corn arepas consumption enriched with 10% (w/w) pectin extracted from banana passionfruit peel was evaluated on the serum levels of glucose and lipid in adult volunteers. The pectin was extracted with hydrochloric acid and precipitated with 96% (v/v) ethanol. Firstly, the volunteers consumed arepa without pectin for seven days; then, arepa with 10% of commercial citrus pectin for 20 days, and, finally, arepa with 10% banana passionfruit pectin for 20 days. At the same time, a sensory acceptance analysis was carried out. The results showed that, when consuming arepa with banana passionfruit pectin, serum glucose levels decreased significantly (5.88% (p = 0.023)), while the lipid profile was not affected. The arepa formulated with banana passionfruit pectin showed a higher percentage of soluble, insoluble and total dietary fiber, as well as a lower percentage of available carbohydrates as compared to the other analyzed arepas. The sensory panel ruled low acceptance in flavor and texture for arepas with commercial citrus and banana passionfruit pectin. It was concluded that banana passionfruit pectin can be used for the formulation of arepas since it offers to consumers a beneficial food to reduce blood glucose levels.
Resumo Este estudo avaliou o efeito metabólico do consumo de arepas de milho enriquecidas com 10% (p/p) de pectina extraída da casca da curuba, sobre os níveis séricos de glucose e lipídios, em adultos voluntários. A pectina foi extraída utilizando ácido clorídrico e precipitou-se com etanol à 96% (v/v). Primeiro, os voluntários consumiram arepa sem pectina por sete dias, então arepa com 10% de pectina cítrica comercial por 20 dias, e finalmente arepa com 10% de pectina de curuba por 20 dias. Paralelamente, foi realizado uma análise sensorial de aceitação. Os resultados encontrados mostram que ao consumir arepa com pectina de curuba os níveis séricos de glucose diminuíram significativamente (5,88% (p = 0,023)), enquanto que o perfil lipídico não foi afectado. A arepa com pectina de curuba mostrou maior percentagem de fibra dietética solúvel, insolúvel e total, e um menor percentagem de carboidratos disponíveis com respeito aos valores das outras arepas avaliadas. O painel sensorial mostrou baixa aceitação no sabor y textura para arepas com pectina cítrica comercial e de curuba. Concluiu-se que a pectina de curuba pode ser usada para a formulação de arepas, uma vez que oferece aos consumidores um alimento benéfico para reduzir os níveis de glucose no sangue.
RESUMEN
Consumption of hypercaloric diets leads to increase of free fatty acids (FFA), pro-inflammatory cytokines and production of oxygen and nitrogen reactive species. These alterations induce oxidative and nitrosative stress causing dysfunction of tissues and consequently the development of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is important to decrease oxidative stress and thus preventing the development of these diseases. Strawberry has a lot of Vitamin C and polyphenols, compounds with excellent antioxidant properties, which may be an option for reducing oxidative stress and therefore to prevent the development of some diseases. Studies conducted in vitro in animal models and clinical studies support that this fruit can be a good alternative to reduce oxidative stress and thus reducing and/or preventing the development of diseases in humans.
El consumo de dietas hipercalóricas conlleva al aumento de ácidos grasos libres (AGL), citocinas proinflamatorias y producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno y de nitrógeno. Estas alteraciones inducen estrés oxidativo y nitrosativo que daña a los tejidos causando disfunción de los mismos y en consecuencia se pueden desarrollar enfermedades crónicas. Por lo tanto, es importante disminuir el estrés oxidativo y con ello prevenir el desarrollo de estas enfermedades. La fresa es un fruto rico en vitamina C y polifenoles, compuestos con excelentes propiedades antioxidantes, por lo que puede ser una opción para la disminución del estrés oxidativo y por lo tanto, para prevenir el desarrollo de algunas enfermedades. Los estudios realizados in vitro, en modelos animales y estudios clínicos sustentan que la fresa puede ser una buena alternativa para disminuir el estrés oxidativo y así atenuar y/o prevenir el desarrollo de enfermedades en el humano.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crónica/prevención & control , Fragaria , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Fitoterapia , Polifenoles/farmacología , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Ingestión de Energía , HumanosRESUMEN
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by the expansion of the myofibroblast population, excessive extracellular matrix accumulation, and destruction of the lung parenchyma. The R-spondin family (RSPO) comprises a group of proteins essential for development. Among them, RSPO2 is expressed primarily in the lungs, and its mutations cause severe defects in the respiratory tract. Interestingly, RSPO2 participates in the canonical Wingless/int1 pathway, a critical route in the pathogenesis of IPF. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the expression and putative role of RSPO2 in this disease. We found that RSPO2 and its receptor leucine-rich G protein-coupled receptor 6 were upregulated in IPF lungs, where they localized primarily in fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Stimulation of IPF and normal lung fibroblasts with recombinant human RSPO2 resulted in the deregulation of numerous genes, although the transcriptional response was essentially distinct. In IPF fibroblasts, RSPO2 stimulation induced the up- or downregulation of several genes involved in the Wingless/int1 pathway (mainly from noncanonical signaling). In both normal and IPF fibroblasts, RSPO2 modifies the expression of genes implicated in several pathways, including the cell cycle and apoptosis. In accordance with gene expression, the stimulation of normal and IPF fibroblasts with RSPO2 significantly reduced cell proliferation and induced cell death. RSPO2 also inhibited collagen production and increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1. Silencing RSPO2 with shRNA induced the opposite effects. Our findings demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, that RSPO2 is upregulated in IPF, where it appears to have an antifibrotic role.