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Este estudio tiene la finalidad de analizar la prevalencia de variantes de la normalidad y patología en la mucosa de la cavidad bucal por zona anatómica, de una población controlada en una clínica estomatológica universitaria de pregrado en el Estado de México. Se trata de un estudio transversal, descriptivo y observacional de 542 pacientes, de los cuales el 62.7% (340) pertenecen al sexo femenino y 37.3% (202) al masculino; la edad se distribuyó en un rango de dos a 85 años con una media de 28 años y fue categorizada en cinco grupos etarios: 2 a 12, 13 a 18, 19 a 35, 36 a 69 y > 70 años. En este estudio participaron una especialista en patología bucal, un especialista en odontopediatría y una pasante de la licenciatura de estomatología quien fungió como ayudante de investigación. Fueron identificadas 13 variantes de la normalidad y 52 lesiones en total, mismas que son reportadas por zona anatómica, por rangos de edad y por sexo. El número de condiciones y lesiones diagnosticadas por paciente varió de una a cinco en 87.27% y en el restante 12.73% no se detectó ninguna. Las variantes de la normalidad o condiciones más frecuentes fueron lengua fisurada con 12.17%, apéndice mucoso en frenillo vestibular con 11.25% y gránulos de Fordyce con 10.88%. Las lesiones más prevalentes por zona anatómica fueron: nevo intradérmico con 2.39% en labio externo superior e inferior; queilitis simple con 11.43% en la interfase de piel y mucosa de los labios (borde bermellón); úlcera traumática con 3.87% en mucosa labial; absceso de origen dental con 1.42 en encía; frenillo con inserción baja 1.84% en frenillos; úlcera traumática con 5.53% en mucosa bucal; candidiasis atrófica crónica con 5.53% en paladar; amígdalas hipertróficas con 8.11% en zona amigdalina; lengua pilosa con 1.66% en lengua; úlcera traumática con 3.69% en piso de boca; granuloma piógeno con 0.18% en proceso alveolar; y por último, hipertrofia de glándulas salivales labiales con 0.55% asociadas a presencia de aparatología ortodóntica. Finalmente se llevó a cabo una prueba de χ2 de Pearson para establecer correlación entre variables dependientes e independientes, encontrando significancia estadística de p < 0.000 entre lesiones de lengua y condición sistémica y edad en relación a lesiones de lengua, paladar y labios con p < 0.000 (AU)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the prevalence of variants of normality and pathology in the mucosa of the oral cavity by anatomical area in a controlled population in a university undergraduate stomatological clinic in the state of Mexico. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study of 542 patients, of which 62.7% (340) belonged to the female gender and 37.3% (202) to the male gender, the age was distributed in a range of two to 85 years with a mean of 28 years and was categorized in five age groups: 2 to 12, 13 to 18, 19 to 35, 36 to 69 and > 70 years. A specialist in oral pathology, a specialist in pediatric dentistry and an intern in stomatology who served as a research assistant participated in this study. Thirteen variants of normality and 52 lesions in total were identified and reported by anatomical area, age range and gender. The number of conditions and lesions diagnosed per patient ranged from one to five in 87.27% and none were detected in 12.73% of the population studied. The most frequent variants of normality or conditions were fissured tongue with 12.17%, mucous appendage in the vestibular frenulum with 11.25% and Fordyce granules with 10.88%. The most prevalent lesions by anatomical area were: intradermal nevus with 2.39% in upper and lower external lip; simple cheilitis with 11.43% in the interphase interface of skin and mucosa of the lips (vermilion border); traumatic ulcer with 3.87% in labial mucosa; abscess of dental origin with 1.42 in gingiva; frenulum with low insertion 1.84% in frenulum; traumatic ulcer with 5. 53% in buccal mucosa; chronic atrophic candidiasis with 5.53% in palate; hypertrophic tonsils with 8.11% in tonsillar area; hairy tongue with 1.66% in tongue; traumatic ulcer with 3.69% in floor of mouth; pyogenic granuloma with 0.18% in alveolar process and finally; hypertrophy of labial salivary glands with 0.55% associated with the presence of orthodontic appliances. Finally, a Pearson's χ2 test was carried out to establish correlation between dependent and independent variables, finding statistical significance of p < 0.000 between tongue lesions and systemic condition and age in relation to tongue, palate and lip lesions with a p < 0.000 (AU)

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Morphological characteristics and source of adipose tissue as well as adipokines may increase cardiometabolic risk. This study aimed to explore whether adipose tissue characteristics may impact metabolic and atherogenic risks. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue (SAT), Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) and peripheral blood were obtained from obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery. Adipose tissue (morphometry), plasma adiponectin, TNF-α, resistin (multiplexing) and biochemical chemistry were analyzed; as well as endothelial dysfunction (Flow Mediated Dilation, FMD) and atherogenesis (Carotid Intima Media Thickness, CIMT). Subgroups divided by adipocyte size and source were compared; as well as correlation and multivariate analysis. Sixty patients 36.6% males, aged 44 years-old, BMI 46.7 kg/m2 were included. SAT's adipocytes showed a lower range of size expandability than VAT's adipocytes. Independent from their source, larger adipocytes were associated with higher glucose, lower adiponectin and higher CIMT. Particularly, larger adipocytes from SAT were associated with higher blood pressure, lower insulin and HDL-cholesterol; and showed positive correlation with glucose, HbA1c, systolic/diastolic values, and negatively correlated with insulin and adiponectin. VAT's larger adipocytes particularly associated with lower resistin and lower FMD values. Gender and Diabetes Mellitus significantly impacted the relation of adipocyte size/source with the metabolic and atherogenic risk. Multivariable analysis suggested hypertension-resistin-HbA1c interactions associated with SAT's larger adipocytes; whereas potential insulin-adiponectin associations were observed for VAT's larger adipocytes. Adipocyte morphology and source are differentially related with cardiometabolic and atherogenic risk in population with obesity, which are potentially affected by gender and Diabetes Mellitus.

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Abstract Introduction: The numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population are low so far. There is limited information about the behavior of SARS-CoV-2 in a pediatric patient with chronic kidney disease. Objective: To formulate informed recommendations to the prevention, diagnosis, and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients with kidney disease or acute kidney injury associated with COVID-19 in Colombia. Methodology: A rapid systematic review was performed in Embase and Pubmed databases and scientific societies, to answer questions prioritized by clinical experts in pediatric nephrology. The quality of the evidence was evaluated with validated tools according to the type of study. The preliminary recommendations were consulted by an expert group. The agreement was defined when approval was obtained from at least 70% of the experts consulted. Results: A response was obtained from ' 9 experts in pediatric nephrology in Colombia, who declared the conflict of interest before the consultation. The range of agreement for the recommendations ranged from 78.9% to '00%. The recommendations did not require a second consultation. Conclusion: The evidence-based recommendations for the management of a patient with kidney disease and COVID-19 in the Colombian context are presented.

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OBJECTIVE: To describe patient characteristics, radiological findings and the clinical course of adults with fatal reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). METHODS: A systematic literature search from January 1, 2000, until December 31, 2018, was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane reviews, LILACS and Scielo. Studies reporting RCVS in adult patients with fatal outcomes were included. RESULTS: 430 studies were initially identified, 179 full-text articles were reviewed, and 9 publications describing 12 subjects were included. The vast majority of the reports were from the U.S. Most of the female cases occurred during postpartum. All patients had a headache on initial presentation, although only 42% had thunderclap headache. A CT scan was performed on 67% of the patients. Imaging results were diverse, with a tendency toward cerebral hemorrhage followed by mixed cases. The main course of treatment included steroids (58% of the patients), with only 42% receiving nimodipine. The time to death ranged from 4 to 14 days, with a median of 9.2 days (SD ±â€¯3.2). CONCLUSION: We found that the majority of fatal cases reported in the literature are most likely related to postpartum angiopathy. We established a tendency in the onset of brain hemorrhage and the combination of infarction and brain hemorrhage. We described various markers for poor prognosis, including focal signs, the presence of hemorrhage and infarct in the first diagnostic image obtained and the need for invasive interventions. The majority of fatal cases in our report occurred in women, with over half of those cases during the puerperium period.

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Nurses living in the Galápagos Islands face barriers to accessing continuing professional development (CPD), particularly in their native language and appropriate for their unique island culture due to their remote location, 1,000 km off the coast of Ecuador. This article reviews the evidence on providing professional development from high-resource countries to low-resource countries; describes a case example of the process of developing, implementing, and evaluating the first professional development program targeting nurses in the Galápagos; and presents recommendations to sustain a culturally relevant international professional nursing development partnership that can be a model for nurses in other remote locations with limited educational access. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2019;50(9):417-422.].

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Las diversas y cada vez nuevas prácticas profesionales, científicas, tecnocientíficas y biotecnológicas nos retan a pensar sobre la suficiencia de los principios de la bioética. En este ensayo se recoge, además de los cuatro principios tradicionales, los propuestos por pensadores como Jonas y Kauffmann y se propone, además, el de la transparencia que como complemento de la justicia puede asegurar prácticas limpias que propendan por la calidad, conservación, preservación y propagación de la vida.

The diverse and new professional, scientific, techno-scientific and bio technological practices challenge us to think about the sufficiency of the bioethical principles. This essay gathers, beyond the four traditional principles, the proposals of thinkers such as Jonas and Kauffmann, and also proposes transparency as a complement to justice, which could assure clean practices to provide life quality, conservation, preservation and propagation.

As diversas e cada vez novas práticas profissionais, cientistas, tecno-científicas e biotecnológicas nos reptam a pensar sobre a suficiência dos princípios da bioética. Neste ensaio se recolhe, além dos quatro princípios tradicionais, os propostos por pensadores como Jonas e Kauffmann e se propõe, ademais, o da transparência que como complemento da justiça pode assegurar práticas limpas que propendam pela qualidade, conservação, preservação e propagação da vida.

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Objetivo: Establecer los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionados con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad del departamento del Atlántico. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal; población diana: estudiantes de primero a octavo semestre de enfermería de una universidad del departamento del Atlántico (Colombia). Fuente de información primaria, instrumento utilizado: encuesta de 37 preguntas validada. La información se procesó en el software SPSS, se tabuló en tablas de frecuencia y asociación, gráficas de barras y sectores, la información resumida se manejó en frecuencias relativas, medidas de tendencia central y se determinó significancia estadística mediante proporciones. Resultados: El 71,5% tiene conocimiento sobre la composición de las sustancias psicoactivas. El 45% está totalmente en desacuerdo con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas para relacionarse fácilmente con la gente. El 37,2°% está totalmente en desacuerdo con consumir sustancias psicoactivas para divertirse. El 90,7% está de acuerdo con la inversión de recursos económicos en programas de rehabilitación, seguimiento de la población afectada por el consumo de drogas. El 55,5 % consumé alcohol, el 22,2% consume éxtasis y el 22,2 restante consume marihuana y bazuco. Conclusiones: Se encontró un balance negativo en cuanto al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los estudiantes de enfermería, debido a que la gran mayoría ha consumido sustancias psicoactivas. Además de encontrarse deficiencia relacionada al conocimientos de las mismas, y en cuanto a las actitudes, se concluyó que la mayoría de los sujetos estudiados tiene actitudes favorables relacionadas con la legalización de las sustancias psicoactivas.

Objective: To establish the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to psychoactive substance use among nursing students of a university department of the Atlántico. Materials and Methods: cross sectional study whose target population was students from first to eighth semester of a university nursing department of Atlántico (Colombia). Primary information source, instrument used: survey of 37 questions. The information was processed in SPSS and tabulated in tables of frequency and association, bar graphs and sectors, the summary information is handled in relative frequencies, measures of central tendency and statistical significance was determined using proportions. Results: 71.5% have knowledge about the composition of psychoactive substances. 45% are strongly disagree with the consumption of psychoactive substances to interact easily with people. 37.2% strongly disagree with consuming psychoactive substances to have fun. 90.7% agree with the investment of funds in rehabilitation programs, monitoring of the population affected by drug use. 55.5% consumed alcohol, 22.2% and 22.2 consumed ecstasy marijuana and crack cocaine remaining. Conclusions: We found a negative balance in the consumption of psychoactive substances in nursing students, much of these people have used psychoactive substances. In addition to being deficient knowledge related to them, and in terms of attitudes, it was concluded that most of the students surveyed have positive attitudes related to the legalization of psychoactive substances.