RESUMEN
The need to provide information on dietary lipid quality that can serve as a baseline for developing food-based dietary guidelines is crucial to managing chronic diseases. This study aimed to determine the fatty acid, lipid profiles, and health lipid quality of selected Nigerian composite meals and soups. The fatty acid, lipid profiles, and health lipid quality of the meals were evaluated. Results showed that saturated fat was predominant in beans & corn (19.6 g/100 g) and egusi soup (24.8 g/100 g). Monounsaturated fat was predominant in bread & beans (17.2 g/100 g), and polyunsaturated fat was predominant in boiled rice & fish stew (19.3 g/100 g). Cholesterol and free fatty acids were predominant in ogbono soup (3.8 and 94.9 mg/100 g) while triglyceride was predominant in akara & agidi (21.4 mg/100 g). Banga, oha, and egusi soups had no atherogenic and thrombogenic indices. These findings are essential in the dietary management of chronic diseases among the Nigerian population.
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Grasas de la Dieta , Ácidos Grasos , Animales , Comidas , Nigeria , TriglicéridosRESUMEN
The need to update the Nigerian food composition database (FCD) and provide information on dietary factors contributing to chronic diseases is essential to managing health conditions. This study is analytical. Standardized Nigerian cooked foods were analyzed for minerals, ß-carotene, vitamins, phytate, and oxalate contents. Mineral, phytate-mineral interactions, and mineral toxicities in foods were evaluated. Results showed that okazi soup and akara & agidi had the highest potassium, sodium, and calcium (449.60 and 236.36; 1087.12 and 359.49; 568.55 and 481.05 mg/100 g respectively) contents. Miyan taushe, gbegiri, and groundnut soups had the highest ß-carotene content when compared to others. The Sodium-potassium ratio of the foods exceeded standard values, while most soups including ogbono, ila alasepo, egusi, and gbegiri, had poor predicted bioavailability for iron, calcium, and zinc. Also, Akara & agidi, okazi, and groundnut soups contained excess doses of iron and sodium compared to the standard. These findings are useful to update Nigerian FCD.
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Antioxidantes , Micronutrientes , Minerales , Nigeria , Ácido FíticoRESUMEN
Iron deficiency with or without anemia is associated with increased susceptibility to infection owing to impaired immune function; this study aimed to examine the associations between markers of iron status and white blood cell counts in African schoolchildren. This cross-sectional study is part of the larger BeForMi study done in the North-West province of South Africa. A total of 556 African schoolchildren (aged 7-10 years) were recruited from the three schools participating in the BeForMi multiple micronutrient intervention study. Demographic information of the children was obtained from their parents/caregivers/guardians in the language of choice using validated questionnaires. Anthropometric indices (weight and height), iron status parameters, hematological parameters (hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC), total and differential white blood cell counts) were measured using standard procedures. No significant gender differences were observed in most of the iron markers and hematological parameters except in C-reactive protein (CRP) (p=0.004) and eosinophils (p=0.042) which were higher in boys while RBC (p=0.018) and Hb (p=0.023) levels were higher in girls. No relationships were observed between the different iron markers and differential white blood cell counts. A positive correlation was observed between serum ferritin (SF) and CRP in girls only (r=0.336, p<0.01), and a positive correlation between SF and mean cell volume (MCV) in boys only (r=0.197, p<0.01). In both genders, no correlations were observed between the different iron markers and the differential white blood cell counts. The study revealed no associations between iron status and differential white blood cell counts in children that participated in the BeForMi study calling for more studies to be done in the area of the significance of iron supplementation in healthy children.