Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to describe the mechanism of injury and situational patterns (based on ball possession and playing action leading to injury) of severe (lay-off time >28 days) lower limb muscle injuries in professional male football (soccer) players during match play. METHODS: Players experiencing a severe muscle injury of the lower limb during Italian first (Serie A) division male football matches over three consecutive seasons (2018-2021) were identified. Video footage was obtained and three raters independently categorised injury mechanism and situational patterns using a standardised checklist. Injury epidemiology (month), timing of injuries within the match and location of injuries on the pitch were also examined. RESULTS: We identified 121 lower limb severe muscle injuries. Videos of sufficient quality were available for 103 (85%) cases, including 61 (60%) hamstring, 17 (16%) calf, 16 (15%) adductor and 9 (9%) quadricep muscle injuries. Nearly two-thirds of injuries involved the dominant/kicking leg (n=65, 63%). Eighty-five (83%) injuries were non-contact and 18 (17%) indirect contact. Four main situational patterns were identified and accounted for 88% of injuries: (1) running/acceleration (n=35, 34%); (2) closed kinetic chain stretching (n=21, 20%); (3) open kinetic chain stretching (n=19, 18%) and (4) kicking (n=16, 16%), with differences between muscle groups. 71% of injuries occurred in the first half of the match (p<0.01), with a gradual increase through the first half. CONCLUSION: Most severe muscle injuries during football matches were non-contact and occurred in the first half during running/acceleration, open and closed kinetic chain stretching, or kicking.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine the perception of patients and practitioners regarding the role of the hospital pharmacist along the care  continuum. METHOD: This was a multicenter cross-sectional observational analytical study, carried out in two phases between 15 October and 31  December 2020. In the first phase, a literature search was carried out to  identify specific questionnaires that measured the overall satisfaction of  patients in relation to the work of hospital pharmacists. Subsequently, a  specific consensus-based questionnaire was developed, structured into  three areas: care, relationships, and capacity-building and training. The  study included patients treated in the participating centers and served by  patient associations. They had to be older than 18 years, present with a  chronic condition, and be treated with medication for hospital use. In the  second phase, a qualitative study was carried out using focus group  discussions to analyze how hospital pharmacists are perceived and how  they would like to be recognized by patients. Four meetings were held in  different territories of Spain. Previously, the research team agreed on the  questions to be asked, which were grouped into four sections: healthcare,  relational, training and information. RESULTS: A total of 482 surveys were obtained. The percentage of patients  who expressed a positive view of the role of the hospital  pharmacist was 88.0% (n = 424). In the multivariate analysis, the most  positive  opinions about these professionals were expressed by women and by patients who had received previous care in the hospital, those who had  a high opinion of the coordination of these professionals with the rest of  the care team, and those who had received the greatest amount of  emotional support. Integration of the pharmacist with the healthcare team  was found to vary across different hospitals and the hospitals' public image  we seen to be related to the way they were pharmacoeconomically  managed. In the sections related to capacity-building and training and  challenges for the future, respondents emphasized the need to promote  the introduction of new patient monitoring technologies. CONCLUSIONS: Patients have a good opinion of the service provided by hospital pharmacists, although many are unaware of the significance of  their role.

Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de los pacientes y profesionales  especto al papel del farmacéutico de hospital en el proceso asistencial  sanitario.Método: Estudio multicéntrico, observacional, analítico y transversal,  realizado en dos fases entre el 15 de octubre y el 31 de  diciembre de 2020. En la primera fase se realizó una búsqueda  bibliográfica para identificar cuestionarios específicos que midieran la  satisfacción global de los pacientes en relación con la actividad asistencial  de los farmacéuticos de hospital. Al no identificarse ninguno validado y  adaptado, se elaboró un cuestionario específico. Se estructuró en tres  áreas: asistencial, relacional y de capacitación y formación. Se incluyeron  pacientes atendidos en los centros participantes y asociaciones de  pacientes colaboradoras en el proyecto, mayores de 18 años, con patología  crónica y tratamiento con medicación de uso hospitalario. En la  segunda fase se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo en formato focus group para analizar cómo son percibidos y cómo les gustaría ser reconocidos a  los farmacéuticos de hospital por parte de los pacientes. Se realizaron  cuatro reuniones en diferentes territorios de España. Previamente el  equipo investigador acordó el guion y las preguntas a llevar a cabo,  incluyéndose 13, agrupadas por bloques: asistencial, relacional, formación  e información. Resultados: Se obtuvieron un total de 482 encuestas. El porcentaje de  pacientes que valoraron positivamente el papel del farmacéutico de Abstract hospital fue del 88,0% (n = 424). Se identificó que tienen  mejor opinión sobre los farmacéuticos hospitalarios las mujeres, los  pacientes que habían recibido atención previa en el hospital, los que  valoraron mejor la coordinación de estos profesionales con el resto del  equipo y aquellos con mayor apoyo emocional previo recibido. En la  segunda fase se identificó que la integración del farmacéutico con el  equipo varía en función de los centros y que la imagen que se tiene es la  relacionada con la gestión farmacoeconómica. En el bloque de capacitación  y formación, así como retos de futuro, se identificó la  necesidad de fomentar la introducción de nuevas tecnologías para el  seguimiento de los pacientes.Conclusiones: Los pacientes tienen una buena opinión del servicio prestado por el farmacéutico de hospital, aunque muchos  desconocen su papel.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de los pacientes y profesionales respecto al papel del farmacéutico de hospital en el proceso asistencial sanitario.Método: Estudio multicéntrico, observacional, analítico y transversal,realizado en dos fases entre el 15 de octubre y el 31 de diciembre de2020. En la primera fase se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica paraidentificar cuestionarios específicos que midieran la satisfacción global delos pacientes en relación con la actividad asistencial de los farmacéuticosde hospital. Al no identificarse ninguno validado y adaptado, se elaboróun cuestionario específico. Se estructuró en tres áreas: asistencial, relacional y de capacitación y formación. Se incluyeron pacientes atendidos enlos centros participantes y asociaciones de pacientes colaboradoras en elproyecto, mayores de 18 años, con patología crónica y tratamiento conmedicación de uso hospitalario. En la segunda fase se llevó a cabo unestudio cualitativo en formato focus group para analizar cómo son percibidos y cómo les gustaría ser reconocidos a los farmacéuticos de hospitalpor parte de los pacientes. Se realizaron cuatro reuniones en diferentesterritorios de España. Previamente el equipo investigador acordó el guiony las preguntas a llevar a cabo, incluyéndose 13, agrupadas por bloques: asistencial, relacional, formación e información.Resultados: Se obtuvieron un total de 482 encuestas. El porcentajede pacientes que valoraron positivamente el papel del farmacéutico de hospital fue del 88,0% (n = 424). Se identificó que tienen mejor opinión sobre los farmacéuticos hospitalarios las mujeres, los pacientes quehabían recibido atención previa en el hospital, los que valoraron mejorla coordinación de estos profesionales con el resto del equipo y aquellos con mayor apoyo emocional previo recibido. (AU)

Objective: To determine the perception of patients and practitionersregarding the role of the hospital pharmacist along the care continuum.Method: This was a multicenter cross-sectional observational analyticalstudy, carried out in two phases between 15 October and 31 December2020. In the first phase, a literature search was carried out to identifyspecific questionnaires that measured the overall satisfaction of patientsin relation to the work of hospital pharmacists. Subsequently, a specific consensus-based questionnaire was developed, structured into threeareas: care, relationships, and capacity-building and training. The studyincluded patients treated in the participating centers and served by patientassociations. They had to be older than 18 years, present with a chroniccondition, and be treated with medication for hospital use. In the secondphase, a qualitative study was carried out using focus group discussionsto analyze how hospital pharmacists are perceived and how they wouldlike to be recognized by patients. Four meetings were held in differentterritories of Spain. Previously, the research team agreed on the questionsto be asked, which were grouped into four sections: healthcare, relational,training and information.Results: A total of 482 surveys were obtained. The percentage ofpatients who expressed a positive view of the role of the hospital pharmacist was 88.0% (n = 424). In the multivariate analysis, the most positive opinions about these professionals were expressed by women and bypatients who had received previous care in the hospital, those who had ahigh opinion of the coordination of these professionals with the rest of thecare team, and those who had received the greatest amount of emotionalsupport. (AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Elite performance in team sports attracts the attention of the general public. In particular, the best players became incredibly skilled and physically powerful, which is a fact that potentiates the delivery of a product that is considered attractive, exciting, and competitive. Not surprisingly, this is a very valuable product from an economic and social standpoint; thus, all sports professionals are extremely interested in developing new procedures to improve their sports performance. Furthermore, the great interests of the various stakeholders (owners, chief executive officers (CEOs), agents, fans, media, coaches, players, families, and friends) are one of the main reasons for this development under the sports science umbrella and the accompanying sports industry. All their personal performances should be coordinated and put into practice by the sports team. In this scientific and applied study, we primarily dealt with the individual treatment of players in order to improve their personal performance and, consequently, the team's sporting performance.

RESUMEN

In December of 2019, there was an outbreak of a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) in China. The virus rapidly spread into the whole World causing an unprecedented pandemic and forcing governments to impose a global quarantine, entering an extreme unknown situation. The organizational consequences of quarantine/isolation are: absence of organized training and competition, lack of communication among athletes and coaches, inability to move freely, lack of adequate sunlight exposure, inappropriate training conditions. Based on the current scientific, we strongly recommend encouraging the athlete to reset their mindset to understand quarantine as an opportunity for development, organizing appropriate guidance, educating and encourage athletes to apply appropriate preventive behavior and hygiene measures to promote immunity and ensuring good living isolation conditions. The athlete's living space should be equipped with cardio and resistance training equipment (portable bicycle or rowing ergometer). Some forms of body mass resistance circuit-based training could promote aerobic adaptation. Sports skills training should be organized based on the athlete's needs. Personalized conditioning training should be carried out with emphasis on neuromuscular performance. Athletes should also be educated about nutrition (Vitamin D and proteins) and hydration. Strategies should be developed to control body composition. Mental fatigue should be anticipated and mental controlled. Adequate methods of recovery should be provided. Daily monitoring should be established. This is an ideal situation in which to rethink personal life, understanding the situation, that can be promoted in these difficult times that affect practically the whole world.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Based on the limited ability of the human being to voluntarily control submaximal eccentric exertions, previous studies have indicated that isokinetic testing with a combined concentric-eccentric exercise protocol could effectively identify submaximal (feigned) effort in various muscle groups by showing an abnormally high eccentric to concentric ratio (ECR). The objective of this study was to determine the validity and accuracy of an ECR-based isokinetic test in identifying feigned ankle weakness. Thirty-eight normal subjects performed maximal and feigned efforts in an isokinetic concentric and eccentric ankle plantar- and dorsiflexion protocol with two different velocities, 30 and 120 degrees s(-1). The isokinetic parameters ECR and the derivatives DEC (difference between ECR at high speed of motion and ECR at low speed of motion) and SEC (sum of ECR at high speed of motion plus the ratio between eccentric peak torque at high speed and concentric peak torque at low speed) were calculated. The ECR, DEC and SEC scores were significantly greater in feigned conditions for ankle plantarflexion, but not for dorsiflexion. Using optimal cutoff scores based on 99% tolerance intervals, it was disclosed that the most efficient parameter was the SEC, identifying 92% of the feigned efforts with 99% confidence, indicating that the ankle plantarflexors are less controllable in fast eccentric conditions than that in concentric conditions. The ECR-based parameters are valid for effectively identifying feigned plantarflexion effort with high accuracy, but do not allow the detection of feigned dorsiflexion weakness.

Asunto(s)