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BACKGROUND: Integrating aerobic exercise (AE) into rehabilitation programs for post-stroke individuals could enhance motor recovery and cardiovascular health by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the myokine irisin. Chronic stroke survivors typically exhibit elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity, which is negatively correlated with steps and time in medium cadence, although the impact of AE on this biomarker remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of high-intensity AE training prior to modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) on BDNF and irisin concentration, and on MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in chronic post-stroke individuals and to associate these results with functional improvements. METHODS: Nine participants received AE combined with mCIMT for two weeks, while the control group (n = 7) received mCIMT alone. Manual dexterity and functional capacity were assessed before and after the intervention. Serum samples were analyzed for BDNF, irisin, MMP-2 and MMP-9. RESULTS: There were no significant main effects of assessment, group or interaction on molecular biomarkers. However, the AE group had a significant increase in MMP-9 activity post-intervention (p = .033; d = 0.67). For the Box and Block Test, there were significant main effects of assessment (F [1, 14] = 33.27, p = .000, ηp2 = 0.70) and group (F [1, 14] = 5.43, p = .035, ηp2 = .28). No correlations were found between biomarkers and clinical assessments. CONCLUSION: AE prior to mCIMT did not influence circulating BDNF and irisin levels but did induce an acute rise in MMP-9 activity, suggesting potential effects on cardiovascular remodeling in this population.
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Multiple bodies and territories experience impacts, conflicts, and socioenvironmental injustices in different ways. The consequences of the neoextractivist accumulation patterns weigh differently on women, especially non-white women. This text brings narratives of a wide range of women who live in different territories and experience different impacts from major undertakings. Through their narratives, we seek to understand how they constitute their territorial bodies; how they are impacted; and how they resist colonialist domination, defend life, and restore health. These impacts affect women's means and ways of life, and restrict their ways of being, power, and knowledge in these territories, rendering them vulnerable, subject to the precariousness of life, immersed in systemic intoxication, reaching situations classified as genocide. Faced with such threats, they manage collective resistance; trigger what makes them active subjectivity; and decolonize themselves as beings, knowledge, and power. In this way they defend life and restore their health and that of their environments. These experiences indicate ways to strengthen public health surveillance perspectives and networks.
Corpos e territórios múltiplos vivenciam de diferentes formas impactos, conflitos e injustiças socioambientais. As consequências do padrão de acumulação neoextrativista recai de modo diferenciado sobre as mulheres, em especial não brancas. Esse texto traz narrativas de mulheres plurais, que vivem em diferentes territórios e que experienciam distintos impactos de grandes empreendimentos. Por meio de suas narrativas, buscamos compreender como constituem seus corpos-territórios, como são impactados e como resistem a dominação colonialista, defendem a vida e restituem a saúde. Os impactos analisados atingem os meios e modos de vida das mulheres, cerceiam suas formas de ser, poder e saber nesses territórios, tornam-nas vulnerabilizadas, sujeitas à precarização dos meios e modos de vida, imersas em intoxicações sistêmicas, chegando a situações classificadas como genocídios. Frente a tais ameaças, elas agenciam a resistência coletiva, acionam o que lhes torna subjetividade ativa, descolonizam-se como ser, saber e poder. Assim defendem a vida e restituem a saúde de si mesmas e de seus ambientes. Essas experiências apontam caminhos para o fortalecimento de perspectivas e redes de vigilância popular em saúde.
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Vigilancia en Salud Pública , Humanos , Femenino , Vigilancia en Salud Pública/métodos , Colonialismo , Salud de la Mujer , Salud PúblicaRESUMEN
This essay elucidates the Healthcare and Intersectionality notions to prompt reflections on the interaction between healthcare professionals and individuals referred to as Nanás: elderly, poor, and Black women who represent a historically marginalized profile throughout Brazilian history. By delving into the arguments about the concept of Intersectionality and the multifaceted Care dimensions, it becomes apparent that there is a pressing need to broaden the perspective on women who access healthcare services, as they are inherently shaped by their life experiences. Moreover, it is imperative to acknowledge how the intersecting factors inherent in their profiles can influence the approach taken by those providing Care, which underscores the essentiality of an intersectional agency on the part of the agents involved in this encounter, namely the Nanás and healthcare workers, to effectively uphold the principles of comprehensiveness and equity within the Unified Health System (SUS).
O presente ensaio articula os conceitos de Cuidado em Saúde e Interseccionalidade para suscitar reflexões sobre o encontro entre o/a trabalhador/a de saúde e aquelas que aqui denominamos uma Naná: uma mulher, negra, idosa e periférica, perfil historicamente vulnerabilizado ao longo da história brasileira. Considerando as argumentações que envolvem o conceito de Interseccionalidade e as diferentes vertentes acerca do Cuidado, observamos a necessidade de se ampliar o olhar sobre estas que buscam os serviços de saúde já atravessadas por suas histórias de vida, e ponderar sobre os atravessamentos que seu perfil pode acionar em quem exerce o Cuidado. Aponta ser primordial uma agência interseccional por parte das/os agentes deste encontro, Nanás e profissionais de saúde, para que se concretizem os princípios de integralidade e equidade no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
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Atención a la Salud , Personal de Salud , Humanos , Brasil , Femenino , Atención a la Salud/organización & administración , Personal de Salud/psicología , Personal de Salud/organización & administración , Anciano , Población Negra/psicología , Pobreza , Poblaciones Vulnerables , Programas Nacionales de Salud/organización & administración , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Disparidades en Atención de SaludRESUMEN
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement properties of activity monitoring for a rehabilitation (AMoR) platform for step counting, time spent in sedentary behavior, and postural changes during activities of daily living (ADLs) in a simulated home environment. METHODS: Twenty-one individuals in the post-stroke chronic phase used the AMoR platform during an ADL protocol and were monitored by a video camera. Spearman's correlation coefficient, mean absolute percent error (MAPE), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland-Altman plot analyses were used to estimate the validity and reliability between the AMoR platform and the video for step counting, time spent sitting/lying, and postural changes from sit-to-stand (SI-ST) and sit-to-stand (ST-SI). RESULTS: Validity of the platform was observed with very high correlation values for step counting (rs = 0.998) and time spent sitting/lying (rs = 0.992) and high correlation for postural change of SI-ST (rs = 0.850) and ST-SI (rs = 0.851) when compared to the video. An error percentage above 5% was observed only for the SI-ST postural change (7.13%). The ICC values show excellent agreement for step counting (ICC3, k = 0.999) and time spent sitting/lying (ICC3, k = 0.992), and good agreement for SI-ST (ICC3, k = 0.859) and ST-SI (ICC3, k = 0.936) postural change. Values of the differences for step counting, sitting/lying time, and postural change were within the limits of agreement according to the analysis of the Bland-Altman graph. CONCLUSION: The AMoR platform presented validity and reliability for step counting, time spent sitting/lying, and identification of SI-ST and ST-SI postural changes during tests in a simulated environment in post-stroke individuals.
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OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the contribution of informal caregivers to the self-care of individuals with heart failure. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 87 caregivers from March to October 2022 in the city of João Pessoa/PB. The caregivers' contribution was assessed using the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index instrument. Scores ≥ 70 points indicate adequate contribution. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation. RESULTS: the sample consisted of 81.6% female caregivers. Median scores obtained for the self-care contribution scales were: 63.3 for maintenance; 55.5 for management; and 66.6 for confidence. Caregivers never or rarely recommended monitoring body weight, regular physical exercise, extra use of diuretics, and fluid restriction. CONCLUSIONS: informal caregivers showed inadequate contribution in the areas of maintenance, management, and confidence in self-care of individuals with heart failure.
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Cuidadores , Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Autocuidado , Humanos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/psicología , Femenino , Autocuidado/métodos , Autocuidado/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Transversales , Cuidadores/psicología , Cuidadores/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto , BrasilRESUMEN
Candida species undeniably rank as the most prevalent opportunistic human fungal pathogens worldwide, with Candida albicans as the predominant representative. However, the emergence of non-albicans Candida species (NACs) has marked a significant shift, accompanied by rising incidence rates and concerning trends of antifungal resistance. The search for new strategies to combat antifungal-resistant Candida strains is of paramount importance. Recently, our research group reported the anti-Candida activity of a coordination compound containing copper(II) complexed with theophylline (theo) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), known as "CTP" - Cu(theo)2phen(H2O).5H2O. In the present work, we investigated the mechanisms of action of CTP against six medically relevant, antifungal-resistant NACs, including C. auris, C. glabrata, C. haemulonii, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis. CTP demonstrated significant efficacy in inhibiting mitochondrial dehydrogenases, leading to heightened intracellular reactive oxygen species production. CTP treatment resulted in substantial damage to the plasma membrane, as evidenced by the passive incorporation of propidium iodide, and induced DNA fragmentation as revealed by the TUNEL assay. Scanning electron microscopy images of post-CTP treatment NACs further illustrated profound alterations in the fungal surface morphology, including invaginations, cavitations and lysis. These surface modifications significantly impacted the ability of Candida cells to adhere to a polystyrene surface and to form robust biofilm structures. Moreover, CTP was effective in disassembling mature biofilms formed by these NACs. In conclusion, CTP represents a promising avenue for the development of novel antifungals with innovative mechanisms of action against clinically relevant NACs that are resistant to antifungals commonly used in clinical settings.
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Antifúngicos , Candida , Complejos de Coordinación , Cobre , Farmacorresistencia Fúngica , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Fenantrolinas , Teofilina , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/síntesis química , Fenantrolinas/farmacología , Fenantrolinas/química , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Cobre/química , Cobre/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Fúngica/efectos de los fármacos , Complejos de Coordinación/farmacología , Complejos de Coordinación/química , Complejos de Coordinación/síntesis química , Teofilina/farmacología , Teofilina/química , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , HumanosRESUMEN
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by protozoa parasites from the Leishmania genus. Vertebrate hosts acquire the infection through the bite of a female sandfly, initiating a complex parasite development cycle. Contrary to previous beliefs regarding cats' resistance, these animals have recently been identified as potential reservoirs for leishmaniasis. Clinical symptoms in cats can manifest in diverse forms, including cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral manifestations. The diagnosis of feline leishmaniasis is complicated by nonspecific symptoms and the relatively lower specificity of serological tests. The recommended treatment for feline leishmaniasis involves the administration of medications; however, success varies in each cat. This review aims to present cases of feline leishmaniasis, highlighting clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, therapy schedules, and outcomes. Among the 24 cases documented in the available literature, 12 achieved successful treatment without relapses, resulting in a reduced parasite load and improved symptoms. Three cases responded well but presented persistent sequelae. Two feline leishmaniasis cases initially had treatment success but later experienced recurrences. Finally, no response was observed in seven cases, leading to the euthanasia of cats due to ineffectiveness or irregularities along the therapy. Conventional treatments, despite potential hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, exhibit a high efficacy in reducing parasitic load, thereby improving clinical symptoms and increasing the life expectancy of affected cats. Nevertheless, consistent adherence is crucial, as interruptions may render the therapy ineffective and contribute to parasite resistance. Therefore, addressing the challenges associated with feline leishmaniasis treatment necessitates the development of new strategies to ensure a more effective and sustained approach.
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OBJECTIVE: Assessed the effect of dental products containing nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) + fluoride on the remineralization of white spot lesions (WSL) in vivo or in situ. METHODS: Seven databases were explored using a two-pronged approach (intervention/treatment). After screening, full-text assessment, and further exclusion, the qualitative synthesis of five studies (four clinical and one in situ) was performed. Based on the Cochrane collaboration guidelines relevant data of the studies were collected and summarized. The Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0) was used to appraise the studies' methodological quality and the GRADE guidelines to assess their level of evidence. The RoB 2.0 domains were rated on their risk of bias (RoB) as low, high, or with some concerns, and an adaptation of the tool was used to the in situ study. RESULTS: The included studies assessed 151 WSL in anterior permanent teeth, on patients with varying ages. The protocol application, treatment length (7d-12 w), and control groups varied greatly between the studies making the performance of a quantitative analysis unfeasible. The general RoB of the clinical studies was classified as being of low risk (n = 2) or some concerns (n = 2). The in situ study was considered as being of low risk. The level of the evidence was moderate. Most of the studies found moderate evidence regarding the superiority of this association in clinical settings. CONCLUSION: Even with the nano-HA + fluoride promising results for the remineralization treatment of WSL, due to the restricted number of studies and types of products, its extended use cannot be recommended based on the current systematic review, especially when considering the moderate level of the evidence found. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Due to the biocompatibility and higher surface coverage of nano-HA and the remineralization capacity of fluoride formulations, the association of these elements to remineralize WSL has been positively reported. After the collection and qualitative appraise of the data, the clinical evidence of the use of these dental products is promising but limited.
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Cariostáticos , Caries Dental , Esmalte Dental , Durapatita , Fluoruros , Remineralización Dental , Humanos , Remineralización Dental/métodos , Durapatita/uso terapéutico , Fluoruros/uso terapéutico , Esmalte Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Caries Dental/tratamiento farmacológico , Cariostáticos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usability of the "Quali+" mobile application prototype for people with high blood pressure. METHOD: Descriptive, cross-sectional study of heuristic evaluation of a mobile application prototype carried out between June and July 2021, in a university hospital. Participants were 22 people with arterial hypertension in the city of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. To measure usability, the Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE instrument was applied. Levels (70 points have good usability. Descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: The overall usability average was 105.8(7.44 points, with the lowest score being 83 and the highest being 113. Usability was at the highest level(80 points). CONCLUSION: The usability evaluation showed that, although it is a prototype, the application has good usability and can be considered for routine use in health self-management. Future research is needed to verify its effectiveness.
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Hipertensión , Aplicaciones Móviles , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Teléfono Inteligente , Brasil , Hipertensión/terapiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to determine which interventions increase physical activity (PA) and decrease sedentary behavior (SB) based on objective measures of movement behavior in individuals with stroke. DATA SOURCES: The PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCO), and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published up to January 3, 2023. STUDY SELECTION: The StArt 3.0.3 BETA software was used to screen titles, abstracts, and full texts for studies with randomized controlled trial designs; individuals with stroke (≥18 years of age); interventions aimed at increasing PA or decreasing SB; and objective measurement instruments. DATA EXTRACTION: Data extraction was standardized, considering participants and assessments of interest. The risk of bias and quality of evidence of the included studies were assessed. DATA SYNTHESIS: Twenty-eight studies involving 1855 patients were included. Meta-analyses revealed that in the post-stroke acute/subacute phase, exercise interventions combined with behavior change techniques (BCTs) increased both daily steps (standardized mean difference [SMD]=0.65, P=.0002) and time spent on moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activities (MVPAs) duration of PA (SMD=0.68, P=.0004) with moderate-quality evidence. In addition, interventions based only on BCTs increased PA levels with very low-quality evidence (SMD (low-intensity physical activity)=0.36, P=.02; SMD (MVPA)=0.56, P=.0004) and decreased SB with low-quality evidence (SMD=0.48, P=.03). In the post-stroke chronic phase, there is statistical significance in favor of exercise-only interventions in PA frequency (steps/day) with moderate-quality evidence (SMD=0.68, P=.002). In general, the risk of bias in the included studies was low. CONCLUSIONS: In the acute/subacute phase after stroke, the use of BCTs combined with exercise can increase the number of daily steps and time spent on MVPA. In contrast, in the post-stroke chronic phase, exercise-only interventions resulted in a significant increase in daily steps.
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Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Humanos , Ejercicio Físico , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/métodos , Conducta Sedentaria , Terapia ConductistaRESUMEN
Candida spp. are the commonest fungal pathogens worldwide. Antifungal resistance is a problem that has prompted the discovery of novel anti-Candida drugs. Herein, 25 compounds, some of them containing copper(II), cobalt(II) and manganese(II) ions, were initially evaluated for inhibiting the growth of reference strains of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. Eight (32%) of the compounds inhibited the proliferation of these yeasts, displaying minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 31.25 to 250 µg/mL and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFCs) from 62.5 to 250 µg/mL. Drug-likeness/pharmacokinetic calculated by SwissADME indicated that the 8 selected compounds were suitable for use as topical drugs. The complex CTP, Cu(theo)2phen(H2O).5H2O (theo = theophylline; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), was chosen for further testing against 10 medically relevant Candida species that were resistant to fluconazole/amphotericin B. CTP demonstrated a broad spectrum of action, inhibiting the growth of all 20 clinical fungal isolates, with MICs from 7.81 to 62.5 µg/mL and MFCs from 15.62 to 62.5 µg/mL. Conversely, CTP did not cause lysis in erythrocytes. The toxicity of CTP was evaluated in vivo using Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor. CTP had no or low levels of toxicity at doses ranging from 31.25 to 250 µg/mL for 5 days. After 24 h of treatment, G. mellonella larvae exhibited high survival rates even when exposed to high doses of CTP (600 µg/mL), with the 50% cytotoxic concentration calculated as 776.2 µg/mL, generating selectivity indexes varying from 12.4 to 99.4 depending on each Candida species. These findings suggest that CTP could serve as a potential drug to treat infections caused by Candida species resistant to clinically available antifungals.
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Antifúngicos , Candida , Fenantrolinas , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/química , Cobre/farmacología , Teofilina/farmacología , Candida albicans , Farmacorresistencia Fúngica , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the usability of the "Quali+" mobile application prototype for people with high blood pressure. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional study of heuristic evaluation of a mobile application prototype carried out between June and July 2021, in a university hospital. Participants were 22 people with arterial hypertension in the city of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. To measure usability, the Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE instrument was applied. Levels (70 points have good usability. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The overall usability average was 105.8(7.44 points, with the lowest score being 83 and the highest being 113. Usability was at the highest level(80 points). Conclusion: The usability evaluation showed that, although it is a prototype, the application has good usability and can be considered for routine use in health self-management. Future research is needed to verify its effectiveness.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la usabilidad del prototipo de aplicación móvil "Quali+" para personas con hipertensión arterial. Método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, de evaluación heurística de un prototipo de aplicación móvil realizado entre junio y julio de 2021, en un hospital universitario. Los participantes fueron 22 personas con hipertensión arterial en la ciudad de Campina Grande, PB, Brasil. Para medir la usabilidad se aplicó el instrumento Smartphone Usability QuestionnaiRE. Los niveles ( 70 puntos tienen buena usabilidad. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Los principales hallazgos del estudio deben presentarse de manera concisa y clara, sin excesivos detalles. Los resultados deben estar alineados con la sección de resultados del artículo completo, proporcionando información más detallada sobre los análisis estadísticos realizados y los principales resultados encontrados. Conclusión: La evaluación de la usabilidad mostró que, aunque se trata de un prototipo, la aplicación tiene una buena usabilidad y puede considerarse para uso rutinario en la autogestión de la salud. Se necesita investigación futura para verificar su eficacia.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a usabilidade do protótipo de aplicativo móvel "Quali+" para pessoas com hipertensão arterial. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal, de avaliação heurística de um protótipo de aplicativo móvel realizado entre junho e julho de 2021, em hospital universitário. Participaram 22 pessoas com hipertensão arterial, na cidade de Campina Grande, PB, Brasil. Para mensuração da usabilidade, aplicou-se o instrumento Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE. Níveis (70 pontos apresentam boa usabilidade. Utilizou-se da estatística descritiva. Resultados: A média geral de usabilidade foi 105,8(7,44 pontos, obtiveram-se como menor escore 83 e, maior 113. A usabilidade se enquadrou no nível mais elevado (80 pontos). Conclusão: A avaliação da usabilidade constatou que, ainda que se trate de um protótipo, o aplicativo apresenta boa usabilidade, podendo ser considerado para o uso rotineiro na autogestão em saúde. Pesquisas futuras são necessárias para verificar a eficácia.
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Resumo Objetivo Desenvolver e validar o conteúdo de um protótipo de aplicativo móvel sobre Prevenção de Lesão por Pressão (LP) para cuidadores de idosos. Métodos Estudo metodológico de produção tecnológica do tipo protótipo em aplicativo móvel. O desenvolvimento do aplicativo foi guiado pelo modelo de Design Instrucional Contextualizado (DIC). A etapa de validação de conteúdo foi realizada com sete enfermeiros docentes de um curso técnico para cuidador de idosos em uma instituição federal de ensino com a aplicação do instrumento Suitability Assessement of Materials (SAM). Os dados foram analisados usando a estatística descritiva. Resultados O protótipo, que foi nomeado LPPrev, contém informações sobre conceito, estadiamento, causas das LP, principais locais de acometimento, além de lembretes para reposicionar o idoso no leito; há também possibilidade de registro de informações nutricionais, hidratação oral, higiene corporal e íntima e disponibilização de orientações sobre cuidados preventivos. A avaliação de conteúdo obteve 96,6% de concordância entre os docentes, sendo considerado um material de qualidade superior. Conclusão O LPPrev é um protótipo de aplicativo adequadamente estruturado segundo as categorias avaliadas pelo SAM, com informações relevantes aos cuidadores de idosos acamados e dependentes, contribuindo para o conhecimento teórico e cuidados fundamentais na prevenção de lesão por pressão, estando preparado para avançar para as demais etapas do modelo de DIC.
Resumen Objetivo Elaborar y validar el contenido de un prototipo de aplicación móvil sobre la prevención de úlcera por presión (UP) para cuidadores de personas mayores. Métodos Estudio metodológico de producción tecnológica de prototipo en aplicación móvil. El desarrollo de la aplicación fue guiado por el modelo de diseño educativo contextualizado (DEC). La etapa de validación de contenido fue realizada por siete enfermeros docentes de un curso técnico para cuidadores de personas mayores de una institución educativa nacional, mediante la aplicación del instrumento Suitability Assessement of Materials (SAM). Los datos se analizaron con estadística descriptiva. Resultados El prototipo, que fue llamado LPPrev, contiene información sobre el concepto, estadificación, causas de la UP, principales lugares de acometimiento, además de recordatorios para reposicionar a la persona mayor en la cama. También tiene la posibilidad de registrar información nutricional, hidratación oral, higiene corporal e íntima y dispone de instrucciones sobre cuidados preventivos. La evaluación de contenido obtuvo un 96,6 % de concordancia entre los docentes, por lo que es considerado un material de calidad superior. Conclusión El LPPrev es un prototipo de aplicación bien estructurado según las categorías evaluadas por el SAM, con información relevante para los cuidadores de personas mayores encamadas y dependientes. Contribuye para el conocimiento teórico y los cuidados fundamentales para la prevención de úlcera por presión y está preparado para avanzar hacia las siguientes etapas del modelo de DEC.
Abstract Objective To develop and validate the content of a mobile application prototype on Pressure Injury (PI) Prevention for elderly caregivers. Methods Methodological study of prototype-type technological production in mobile application. The application development was guided by the Contextualized Instructional Design (CID) model. The content validation stage was carried out by seven teaching nurses of a technical course for elderly caregivers in a federal educational institution with the application of the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results The prototype, which was named LPPrev, contains information about the concept, staging, causes of LP, and main affecting sites, in addition to reminders to reposition the elderly in bed; registration of nutritional information, oral hydration, body and intimate hygiene, and guidance on preventive care is also possible. The content evaluation obtained 96.6% of agreement between professors, being considered a material of superior quality. Conclusion LPPrev is an application prototype properly structured according to the categories evaluated by the SAM, with relevant information for caregivers of bedridden and dependent elderly, contributing to theoretical knowledge and fundamental care in the prevention of injury by pressure, being prepared to move on to the other stages of the DIC model.
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RESUMO O presente texto constitui-se como uma revisão de literatura, na qual se apresenta o percurso de construção do conceito de corpo-território, suas conexões com o feminismo comunitário, o ecofeminismo e o feminismo decolonial, para discutir a construção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis (TSS). Esse conceito proveio de mobilizações comunitárias de mulheres de povos originários de Abya Yala. Aos poucos, foi incorporado por mulheres indígenas, negras e camponesas brasileiras. O corpo-território consiste em dimensão biológica, mental, social e cosmogônica. A partir de seus corpos e territórios, elas questionam impactos de grandes empreendimentos, problematizam violências contra a mulheres e contra a Terra; problematizam desigualdades de sexo-gênero, classe e raça; e denunciam situações que constrangem a saúde e seus corpos e territórios. Por meio de práticas de cuidado, essas mulheres recuperam a saúde de si mesmas, de seus coletivos comunitários e territórios, ampliam a sua saúde e a saúde coletiva. Isso favorece a resiliência e a reparação da teia da vida. Esse protagonismo feminino tem sido invisibilizado em estudos sobre TSS. Assim, considera-se fundamental que essas contribuições feministas sejam interseccionais nas ações de promoção de TSS.
ABSTRACT This text constitutes a literature review, which presents the path towards building the concept of body-territory, its connections with community feminism, ecofeminism and decolonial feminism, to discuss the construction of Healthy and Sustainable Territories (TSS). This concept originates from community mobilizations of women of Abya Yala peoples. It has been gradually incorporated by Brazilian Indigenous, Black and peasant women. The body-territory consists of biological, mental, social and cosmogonic dimensions. From their bodies and territories, they question the impacts of large undertakings; problematize violence against women and the Earth; problematize sex-gender, class and race inequalities; and denounce situations that constrain health and their bodies and territories. Through care practices, these women recover their own health and of their community groups and territories, expanding theirs and the collective health. This favors resilience and reparation of the web of life. This female protagonism has been invisible in studies on TSS. Therefore, it is considered essential that these feminist contributions are intersectional in actions to promote TSS.
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ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the contribution of informal caregivers to the self-care of individuals with heart failure. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 87 caregivers from March to October 2022 in the city of João Pessoa/PB. The caregivers' contribution was assessed using the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index instrument. Scores ≥ 70 points indicate adequate contribution. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation. Results: the sample consisted of 81.6% female caregivers. Median scores obtained for the self-care contribution scales were: 63.3 for maintenance; 55.5 for management; and 66.6 for confidence. Caregivers never or rarely recommended monitoring body weight, regular physical exercise, extra use of diuretics, and fluid restriction. Conclusions: informal caregivers showed inadequate contribution in the areas of maintenance, management, and confidence in self-care of individuals with heart failure.
RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la contribución de cuidadores informales para el autocuidado de personas con insuficiencia cardíaca. Métodos: estudio transversal, realizado con 87 cuidadores, de marzo a octubre de 2022, en la ciudad João Pessoa/PB. La contribución del cuidador fue evaluada mediante el instrumento Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index. Escores ≥ 70 puntos indican contribución adecuada. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y correlación de Spearman. Resultados: son del sexo femenino 81,6% de la muestra. La mediana de los escores obtenidos para las escalas de contribución para el autocuidado fueron: 63,3 para manutención; 55,5 para manejo; y 66,6 para confianza. Los cuidadores nunca o raramente recomendaban el monitoreo del peso corporal, la práctica regular de ejercicios físicos, el uso extra de diuréticos y la restricción de líquidos. Conclusiones: los cuidadores informales presentaron contribución inadecuada en los quesitos manutención, manejo y confianza del autocuidado de personas con insuficiencia cardíaca.
RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a contribuição de cuidadores informais para o autocuidado de pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com 87 cuidadores, de março a outubro de 2022, na cidade João Pessoa/PB. A contribuição do cuidador foi avaliada por meio do instrumento Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index. Escores ≥ 70 pontos indicam contribuição adequada. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: eram do sexo feminino 81,6% da amostra. A mediana dos escores obtidos para as escalas de contribuição para o autocuidado foram: 63,3 para manutenção; 55,5 para manejo; e 66,6 para confiança. Os cuidadores nunca ou raramente recomendavam o monitoramento do peso corporal, a prática regular de exercícios físicos, o uso extra de diuréticos e a restrição de líquidos. Conclusões: os cuidadores informais apresentaram contribuição inadequada nos quesitos manutenção, manejo e confiança do autocuidado de pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca.
RESUMEN
Objective: Mouthguards can reduce or even prevent orofacial injuries. These devices are responsible for absorbing part of the energy of an impact force, while the remaining part is dissipated. The present study aimed to evaluate how the plasticization temperature of the sports mouthguards' manufacturing process influences their mechanical properties and protective potential. Material and Methods: Specimens were made according to different plasticization temperatures (85°C, 103°C, 121°C and 128°C) and different dental brands of EVA sheets (Bio-art and FGM). Plasticization temperatures were measured using a culinary thermometer (Term; TP300). The mechanical properties evaluated were: energy absorption capacity, deformation, and modulus of elasticity. Compression testing was carried out in the Emic universal testing machine with a speed of 600 mm/min to simulate a punch. Results: EVA sheets submitted to the highest temperatures (121°C and 128°C) had their energy absorption capacity reduced. In addition, the samples that plasticized at the lowest temperature (85°C) showed higher absorption capacity, lower elastic modulus, and less variation in its dimensions. It proved to be the most effective in protection and with greater durability. Conclusion: The plasticization temperature proved to be an influential factor in the absorption capacity of mouthguards, so the increase in temperature led to a reduction in this property, especially when higher than 120°C. In addition, the plasticization temperature may vary depending on the sheet brand used. Finally, the kitchen thermometer used proved to be efficient and practical, thanks to its easy-to-read display and wide availability on the market. (AU)
Objetivo: Os protetores bucais são capazes de reduzir ou mesmo prevenir lesões orofaciais. Esses dispositivos são responsáveis por absorver parte da energia de uma força de impacto, enquanto a parte restante é dissipada. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar como a temperatura de plastificação de protetores bucais esportivos influencia em suas propriedades mecânicas e no seu potencial protetivo. Material e Métodos: Foram confeccionados modelos de trabalho segundo diferentes temperaturas de plastificação (85°C, 103°C, 121°C e 128°C) e distintas marcas odontológicas de placas de EVA (Bio-art e FGM). As temperaturas de plastificação foram medidas com termômetro culinário da marca Term/TP300. As propriedades mecânicas avaliadas foram capacidade de absorção de energia, deformação e módulo de elasticidade. O teste de compressão foi realizado na máquina de ensaios universal Emic com velocidade de 600 mm/min, a fim de simular um soco. Resultados: As placas de EVA submetidas às mais altas temperaturas (121°C e 128°C) tiveram sua capacidade de absorção de energia reduzida. Além disso, as amostras que plastificaram na temperatura mais baixa (85°C) apresentaram maior capacidade de absorção, menor módulo de elasticidade e menor variação em suas dimensões. Assim, mostraram-se a mais eficaz na proteção e com maior durabilidade. Conclusão: A temperatura de plastificação demonstrou ser um fator influente na capacidade de absorção dos protetores bucais, de modo que o aumento da temperatura levou a uma redução desta propriedade, principalmente quando superior a 120°C. Além disso, a temperatura de plastificação pode variar dependendo da marca comercial utilizada. Por fim, o termômetro culinário utilizado mostrou-se eficiente e prático, pela facilidade de leitura e por ser facilmente encontrado no mercado (AU)
Asunto(s)
Temperatura , Polietileno , Módulo de Elasticidad , Absorción Fisicoquímica , Protectores BucalesRESUMEN
ABSTRACT This report presents the case of an adult patient with mental and intellectual limitations, whose main complaint was dental aesthetics. Dental treatment was performed at the Piracicaba Dental School and approved by the Ethics Committee (CAAE: 65752322.2.0000.5418). Clinically, the patient had inadequacies in the dental arrangement, with periodontal involvement that put the dental elements at risk. In intraoral clinical aspects, the deficiency was identified as maxillary atresia. The buccolingual inclination of the mandibular anterior teeth highlighted the severe crowding and anterior crossing of these teeth. Dental treatment was carried out aiming at the remission of periodontal and orthodontic problems in an integrated manner and with approaches that allowed greater interaction, participation, and patient compliance during treatment. Supra and subgingival scrapings and extraction of the upper left lateral incisor were performed. After three months of periodontal treatment, orthodontic treatment was started with fixed orthodontic appliances. The main objective was to level and align the teeth in both arches to achieve better aesthetic and functional conditions. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, treatment has been discontinued. This resulted in the regression of the results obtained, including regarding self-care. People with disabilities require dental care with specific strategies for their needs, which must be carried out by a multidisciplinary team. Despite the access limitation imposed by the pandemic, the patient reestablished his motivation to restart treatment, which was facilitated by the bond of trust established between him and the team.
RESUMO Este relato apresenta o caso de um paciente adulto com limitações mentais e intelectuais, cuja queixa principal era a estética dental. O tratamento odontológico foi realizado na Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética (CAAE: 65752322.2.0000.5418). Clinicamente, o paciente apresentava inadequações no arranjo dentário, com comprometimento periodontal, que colocava em risco os elementos dentais. Nos aspectos clínicos intrabucais, a deficiência foi identificada como atresia maxilar. A inclinação vestíbulo-lingual dos dentes anteriores inferiores destacou o apinhamento severo e o cruzamento anterior desses dentes. O tratamento odontológico foi realizado visando à remissão dos problemas periodontais e ortodônticos de forma integrada e com abordagens que permitissem maior interação, participação e adesão do paciente durante o tratamento. Foram realizadas raspagens supra e subgengivais e extração do incisivo lateral superior esquerdo. Após três meses de tratamento periodontal, iniciou-se o tratamento ortodôntico com aparelhos ortodônticos fixos. O objetivo principal foi nivelar e alinhar os dentes em ambas as arcadas para alcançar melhores condições estéticas e funcionais. Devido à pandemia de COVID-19, o tratamento foi interrompido. Isso resultou na regressão dos resultados obtidos, inclusive quanto ao autocuidado. As pessoas com deficiência requerem atendimento odontológico com estratégias específicas para suas necessidades, que devem ser realizadas por uma equipe multidisciplinar. Apesar da limitação de acesso imposta pela pandemia, o paciente restabeleceu sua motivação para reiniciar o tratamento, o que foi facilitado pelo vínculo de confiança estabelecido entre ele e a equipe.
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Resumo Corpos e territórios múltiplos vivenciam de diferentes formas impactos, conflitos e injustiças socioambientais. As consequências do padrão de acumulação neoextrativista recai de modo diferenciado sobre as mulheres, em especial não brancas. Esse texto traz narrativas de mulheres plurais, que vivem em diferentes territórios e que experienciam distintos impactos de grandes empreendimentos. Por meio de suas narrativas, buscamos compreender como constituem seus corpos-territórios, como são impactados e como resistem a dominação colonialista, defendem a vida e restituem a saúde. Os impactos analisados atingem os meios e modos de vida das mulheres, cerceiam suas formas de ser, poder e saber nesses territórios, tornam-nas vulnerabilizadas, sujeitas à precarização dos meios e modos de vida, imersas em intoxicações sistêmicas, chegando a situações classificadas como genocídios. Frente a tais ameaças, elas agenciam a resistência coletiva, acionam o que lhes torna subjetividade ativa, descolonizam-se como ser, saber e poder. Assim defendem a vida e restituem a saúde de si mesmas e de seus ambientes. Essas experiências apontam caminhos para o fortalecimento de perspectivas e redes de vigilância popular em saúde.
Abstract Multiple bodies and territories experience impacts, conflicts, and socioenvironmental injustices in different ways. The consequences of the neoextractivist accumulation patterns weigh differently on women, especially non-white women. This text brings narratives of a wide range of women who live in different territories and experience different impacts from major undertakings. Through their narratives, we seek to understand how they constitute their territorial bodies; how they are impacted; and how they resist colonialist domination, defend life, and restore health. These impacts affect women's means and ways of life, and restrict their ways of being, power, and knowledge in these territories, rendering them vulnerable, subject to the precariousness of life, immersed in systemic intoxication, reaching situations classified as genocide. Faced with such threats, they manage collective resistance; trigger what makes them active subjectivity; and decolonize themselves as beings, knowledge, and power. In this way they defend life and restore their health and that of their environments. These experiences indicate ways to strengthen public health surveillance perspectives and networks.