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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors related to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in inflammatory bowel disease patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on adults with inflammatory bowel disease from 2019 to 2021. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease encompasses patients with steatosis and at least one cardiometabolic risk factor. Patients with alcohol consumption ≥20 g/day, chronic liver diseases, or methotrexate use were excluded. RESULTS: Almost 140 patients were included: 67.1% were female, with a mean age of 49.7±13.7 years, and 63.6% had Crohn's disease. The mean duration of inflammatory bowel disease was 9.7±7.9 years. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease was observed in 44.3% and advanced liver fibrosis was excluded in 63.5% by Fibrosis-4. Patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease were older (p = 0.003) and had a higher number of metabolic syndrome components (2.9±1.1 versus 1.6±1.0; p<0.001), greater abdominal circumference (p<0.001), and body mass index (p<0.001). The only factor related to inflammatory bowel disease associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease was disease duration (11.6±9.5 versus 8.3±6.2; p = 0.017). A higher number of metabolic syndrome components and obesity increase by 2.2 times and an altered waist circumference by 2.6 times the occurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease was observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, with the main risk factors being associated with metabolic syndrome predicting it, but not with inflammatory bowel disease features and/or its treatment.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors related to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in inflammatory bowel disease patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on adults with inflammatory bowel disease from 2019 to 2021. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease encompasses patients with steatosis and at least one cardiometabolic risk factor. Patients with alcohol consumption ≥20 g/day, chronic liver diseases, or methotrexate use were excluded. RESULTS: Almost 140 patients were included: 67.1% were female, with a mean age of 49.7±13.7 years, and 63.6% had Crohn's disease. The mean duration of inflammatory bowel disease was 9.7±7.9 years. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease was observed in 44.3% and advanced liver fibrosis was excluded in 63.5% by Fibrosis-4. Patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease were older (p = 0.003) and had a higher number of metabolic syndrome components (2.9±1.1 versus 1.6±1.0; p<0.001), greater abdominal circumference (p<0.001), and body mass index (p<0.001). The only factor related to inflammatory bowel disease associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease was disease duration (11.6±9.5 versus 8.3±6.2; p = 0.017). A higher number of metabolic syndrome components and obesity increase by 2.2 times and an altered waist circumference by 2.6 times the occurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease was observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, with the main risk factors being associated with metabolic syndrome predicting it, but not with inflammatory bowel disease features and/or its treatment.

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De um modo geral, os tumores estromais gastrointestinais (GISTs) são raros, entretanto, são as neoplasias mesenquimais mais frequentemente identificadas no trato gastrointestinal (TGI) e representam 0,1 a 3 % de todos os tumores gastrointestinais. Seu diagnóstico é baseado no quadro clínico, nas características morfológicas, mas, sobretudo, pela presença da proteína c-KIT (CD117) detectada por método imunoistoquímico. Na maioria das vezes, são assintomáticos, descobertos incidentalmente por exames de imagem. Os fatores prognósticos mais importantes são o tamanho do tumor e o índice mitótico. A ressecção cirúrgica é a terapia de escolha e o quimioterápico mesilato de imatinibe, que está indicado nos casos de irressecabilidade ou doença metastática.

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Os fungos do gênero Fusarium sp são comumente encontrados no solo e em restos orgânicos. São reconhecidos como causa de infecção localizada envolvendo unhas, pele traumatizada ou a córnea. A infecção disseminada por Fusarium sp é encontrada quase que exclusivamente em imunodeprimidos, em particular em neutropênicos ou em pacientes recebendo quimioterapia ou transplante de medula óssea. Atualmente, Fusarium sp são considerados patógenos emergentes e, em alguns centros, já representam a terceira causa mais comum de micose invasiva, após Candida e Aspergillus. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 62 anos, portadora de mieloma múltiplo, que desenvolveu fusariose disseminada em seu segundo transplante autólogo de medula óssea. No vigésimo dia pós-transplante evoluiu com necessidade de suporte intensivo e veio a óbito. Fusariose, em sua forma disseminada, é uma infecção rara, de difícil suspeita diagnóstica e mesmo com o tratamento, na maioria das vezes a evolução é fatal.

Fungi from the Fusarium sp genus, commonly found in the soil and organic residues, are recognized as causal agents of localized infection affecting the nails, injured skin and cornea. Fusarium sp disseminated infection is almost exclusively found in immunosuppressed patients, chiefly those rendered neutropenic or undergoing chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation. Fusarium sp organisms are now considered emergent pathogens, already being the third most common invasive mycosis, after Candida and Aspergillus, in some centers. We report the case of a 62-year-old woman with multiple myeloma, who developed disseminated fusariosis after her second autologous bone marrow transplantation. On the twentieth day after the transplantation she needed intensive care and died. Disseminated fusariosis is a rare infection, difficult to be suspected in the differential diagnosis, and mostly having a fatal course.

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A azatioprina é um dos mais comuns imunomoduladores utilizados no tratamento de Doença de Crohn e Retocolite Ulcerativa Idiopática, sendo que alguns pacientes desenvolvem imunossupressão. Por outro lado, o Strongyloides stercoralis está relacionado à infecção em pacientes imunocomprometidos. No presente estudo, pesquisa-se a prevalência do parasita nos pacientes portadores de Doença Inflamatória Intestinal em uso de azatioprina, através de exames parasitológicos de fezes. Analisa-se também a relação entre eosinofilia e a referida parasitose. No grupo tratado com azatioprina, 5,8% (4/69) dos pacientes estavam infectadospor Strongyloides stercoralis e apresentavam eosinofilia. Naquele tratado com outras drogas, somente 1,8% (1/55) apresentou a infecção e o número de eosinófilos dentro do referencial. Concluiu-se que a infecção pelo parasita é mais freqüente em pacientes da zona rural e que a eosnofilia pode ser um marcador indireto desta infecção.

Although azathioprine is one of the most common immunomodulatory drugs used in the treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, some patients can develop imunnosuppression. Strongyloides stercoralis infection may be associated with immunocompromised patients. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of this infection in patients with Inflammatory bowel disease being treated with azathioprine, through parasitologic stool examination. The association between peripheral blood eosinophil counts and the infection was also studied. In the group treated with azathioprine, 5.8% (4/69) patients were infected by Strongyloides stercoralis and showed high level of eosinophil. In the other group, treated with different drug, only one patient (1.8%) revealed the infection and the number of eosinophil was normal. These observations demonstrated that the infection caused by this parasite was more frequent in patients from rural area. Besides, the high level of eosinophil could be an indirect marker for this infection.

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