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BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of fluoride-containing toothpastes with different technologies to remineralize artificial caries lesions in enamel. METHODS: Bovine enamel blocks were divided into three thirds: intact (untreated), demineralized (artificial caries lesion), and treated (caries lesion, pH cycling with dentifrices). Enamel blocks were randomly distributed into five groups (n = 12): Fluoride-free toothpaste, Colgate Oral Care (NC); Arginine-containing toothpaste, Colgate Total Daily Repair (PC); Silicate-based fluoride toothpaste: REFIX technology, regenerador + sensitive (RDC), NR-5 technology, Regenerate Enamel Science (RES), and NOVAMIN technology, Sensodyne Repair and Protect (SRP). The specimens were submitted to a pH cycling model for 6 days. The efficacy of the toothpastes was estimated by calculating the surface microhardness recovery (%SMHR) and the fluorescence recovery (ΔFRE) with quantitative light-induced fluorescence. The cross-sectional micromorphology of the enamel surface was also assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Elemental analyses (weight%) were determined with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The results were compared to that of the control (NC). Data were statistically analyzed (5%). RESULTS: %SMHR could be ranked as follows: RDC = PC = RES = SRP > NC. Significantly higher %SMHR and ΔFRE means were observed after enamel treatment with RDC (22.7 and 46.9, respectively). PC (%SMHR = 18.8) was as efficacious as RDC to recover the surface microhardness with a significantly lower mean of ΔFRE (19.5). Only RDC was able to promote the formation of a mineralized layer on the surface of enamel enriched with silicon on the surface. CONCLUSIONS: The silicate-based fluoride toothpaste containing REFIX technology demonstrated greater efficacy in the remineralizing artificial caries than the other products.

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BACKGROUND: Dental erosion has become a relevant public health problem in recent years and is related to the increase in the consumption of acidic beverages. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the erosive potential of energy drinks on dental enamel using an in vitro erosion model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-eight blocks of human enamel were divided into four groups: G1- TNT Energy Drink®(n=8), G2- Red Bull® (n=10), G3- Monster Energy® (n=10), and G4- Coca-Cola® (n=10) (positive control). For the chemical analysis, the pH values, titratable acidity, and buffering capacity of the beverages were measured in triplicate. For the erosive test, the specimens were immersed in the beverages (5ml/block) for 30 minutes at room temperature with gentle shaking. Initial and final surface microhardness values were measured and the percentage of the loss of surface microhardness was calculated. Profilometry (surface loss and lesion depth) and mineral loss analysis (quantitative light-induced fluorescence) were performed. The data were analysed statistically using ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni correction, Pearson's correlation test, and multiple linear regression (p<0.05). RESULTS: The energy drinks had pH values ranging from 2.36 to 3.41. The lowest titratable acidity value was recorded for Monster Energy® and the highest was recorded for TNT Energy Drink®. All energy drinks had buffering capacity values higher than Coca-Cola®. Analysing the eroded enamel surface, the specimens submitted to TNT Energy Drink® had the greatest percentage loss of surface microhardness, surface loss, depth, and mineral loss, followed by those submitted to Red Bull® and Monster Energy®. Surface loss was the only predictor of mineral loss (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the study model employed, all the energy drinks examined were erosive to tooth enamel and TNT Energy Drink® had the worst behaviour. Key words:Energy drinks, tooth erosion, tooth demineralisation, hardness tests, quantitative light-induced fluorescence.

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BACKGROUND: Erosive tooth wear has been a highly prevalent and emerging phenomenon related to eating habits of the population. Aim: This study sought to investigate industrialized fruit juices exposure in enamel and dentine substrates in terms of erosive effect. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Human enamel and dentine specimens were randomized into 8 groups (n=8): Grape juice - Ades®, Grape juice - Del Valle Kapo®, Grape juice - Aurora®, Orange juice - Del Valle Kapo®, Orange juice - Ades®, Strawberry juice - Mais Vita®, Strawberry juice - Ades®, Citrus fruit juice - Tampico®. Specimens were submitted to an in vitro erosive challenge and to a microhardness test to evaluate the percentage of surface microhardness loss. The pH, titratable acidity, buffering capacity, degree of saturation and critical pH concerning hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite of the juices were measured as well as their composition of calcium, phosphate, fluoride, and total protein. Data were submitted to the analysis of variance and multivariate linear regression (α=0.05). RESULTS: All test agents were undersaturated concerning hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite. A significant interaction between the type of juice and substrate was found (α=0.000, ß=0.99). However, Orange juice - Del Valle Kapo®, Orange juice - Ades®, and Strawberry juice - Mais Vitta® demonstrated no difference between substrates. Grape juice - Ades® promoted less mineral than other juices in enamel and dentine. The calcium concentration in juices was a protective variable for microhardness loss in both substrates. CONCLUSIONS: The erosive effect of industrialized fruit juices affects enamel differently from dentine, and this effect differed between some, but not all, tested juices. Key words:Tooth erosion, dental enamel, dentine. beverages, food habits.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the in vitro performance of different dentifrices indicated for dental erosion and a new dentifrice with controlled fluoride release system (NanoF) in terms of surface microhardness remineralization in enamel erosion lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 72 human enamel specimens were divided into 6 groups (n = 12): PC (100% NaF - positive control); NC (Placebo - negative control); 50%nF (50% NanoF + 50% free NaF), 100%nF (100% NanoF); PN (Sensodyne® ProNamel™) and AG (Colgate® Sensitive Pro-Relief™). A surface microhardness analysis was performed before (SH0) and after (SH1) the erosion lesion formation. The blocks were submitted to a 5-day de-remineralization cycling model, consisting of 90 s immersion on 0.1% citric acid (4x/day) and 1 min treatment with dentifrice slurries along with 1 mL/block of human saliva (2x/day). Lastly, the final surface microhardness analysis (SH2) was measured and the percentage of surface microhardness remineralization (%SMHR) was calculated. Data were analysed with 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < .05). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed for SH2 and %SMHR between NC and AG with the other groups (p < .05). The best %SMHR from the experimental groups was found in 100%nF and PN. CONCLUSION: Dentifrices with NanoF exhibited a surface microhardness remineralization similar to sodium fluoride (PC). Therefore, NanoF dentifrice can be an alternative to prevent and treat patients with dental erosion.

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Abstract Objective: To evaluate the erosive potential of different alcoholic beverages according to pH, titratable acidity and buffering capacity. Material and Methods: Thirteen industrialized alcoholic beverages of different brands were selected and divided into five groups according to their type and composition. The pH measurement and titratable acidity for pH 5.5 and 7.0 were performed in triplicate in 50 mL of each beverage. The buffering capacity was calculated based on pH and titratable acidity for pH 7.0. ANOVA, Tukey, and Pearson correlation, with p<0.05, were used for data analysis. Results: Data showed normal distribution by Shapiro-Wilk test. The pH of alcoholic beverages ranged from 2.49 (Miks Ice Tea - Green Fruits) to 7.64 (Smirnoff). The highest values of acid titration (4.68) and buffer capacity (19.97) were observed in Smirnoff Ice. The following correlations (p<0.01) were noted between: pH and titratable acidity; buffering capacity and pH; buffering capacity and titratable acidity. Conclusion: Some beers and alcopops presented erosive potential due to their lower pH associated with high acid titration values. The whisky and sugarcane liquor examined were not potentially erosive.

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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the erosive potential of soy-based beverages in comparison to fruit juices of the same flavor. METHODS: Human enamel blocks were randomly divided into 9 groups (n = 8), according to the beverage category (soy or non-soy juices). The initial pH, TA and ß at the original pH value were measured in triplicate. The composition of calcium, phosphate and total protein was analyzed using the specific colorimetric method. The fluoride analysis was performed using a selective electrode. The degree of saturation (DS) and the critical pH (CpH) of each beverage with respect to hydroxyapatite (HAp) and fluorapatite (FAp) were calculated using the computational software. Enamel samples were immersed into 67.5 mL of each drink for 120 minutes. Enamel surface loss (ESL) and differences in surface roughness (ΔRaE-S) were analyzed by a 3D non-contact profilometer. RESULTS: Non-soy beverages exhibited the lowest pH values (2.93 to 3.40). The highest values of calcium concentration were founded in soy-based formulations. Juices with soy in their composition tend to have high DS when compared with non-soy based beverages (p = .0571). Soy beverages produced less ESL than non-soy beverages (p < .05). ΔRaE-S was not significantly different between the categories. The ESL and ΔRaE-S were positively correlated with initial pH and buffering capacity in soy-based beverages. On the other hand, in non-soy beverages, the ESL was negatively correlated with the TA to 7.0 and the fluoride composition whereas the ΔRaE-S was negatively correlated with the TA to 5.5. CONCLUSIONS: The erosive potential of soy beverages was lower than non-soy based beverages.

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Objective: To evaluate the erosive potential of manufactured teas according to pH, titratable acidity and buffering capacity. Material and Methods: Eight types of manufactured teas of different brands and flavors acquired in supermarkets of João Pessoa, Brazil, were investigated. Indaiá® mineral water and Coca-Cola® were controls. The pH measurement and titratable acidity for pH 5.5 and 7.0 were performed in triplicate in 50 ml of each beverage. The buffering capacity was calculated based on pH and titratable acidity for pH 7.0. ANOVA, Tukey, and Pearson correlation, with p <0.05, were used for data analysis. Results: Data showed normal distribution by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for all variables. There was a statistically significant relationship between groups analyzed in all variables (ANOVA, p <0.001). The pH of teas ranged from 2.70 (Black Tea with lemon-Leão Fuze®) to 4.03 (Natural Mate Tea - Matte Leão®). The following significant correlations (p <0.01) were observed: pH and titratable acidity; buffering capacity and pH; buffering capacity and titratable acidity. Conclusion: All teas analyzed were potentially erosive; however, Black Tea with lemon (Leão Fuze®) had the lowest pH, the highest titratable acidity and buffering capacity, demonstrating that the saliva will have greater difficulty in buffering this tea in the oral environment.

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OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to analyze the in situ effect of a casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) chewing gum on human enamel erosion lesion associated or not with abrasion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A three-way crossover study of 7 days was conducted involving 10 volunteers subjected to the same protocol: (G1) CPP-ACP sugar-free chewing gum, (G2) regular sugar-free chewing gum without CPP-ACP, and (G3) saliva-no chewing gum. An abrasion test was included in each phase. A 3D non-contact profilometry measurement of lesion depth and surface roughness was obtained of sound and eroded surfaces. A salivary calcium concentration was determined for all volunteers. ANOVA followed by Tukey's test were used with a p < 0.05. RESULTS: The enamel depth and the enamel surface roughness of the CPP-ACP gum group were significantly lower than the others (ANOVA, p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the treatments when associated with abrasion (p > 0.05). A positive and significant correlation was seen between the lesion depth and enamel surface roughness for GI (r = 0.87, p = 0.00) and GIII (r = 0.79, p = 0.00) groups. The estimated total calcium presented in the saliva after the chewed CPP-ACP gum showed no statistical significance between the mean absorbance values at the different time collections (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is demonstrated that the incorporation of the CPP-ACP into a sugar-free gum significantly increased the remineralization/protection of eroded enamel surface. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The CPP-ACP added to gum may be a suitable alternative vehicle, to deliver calcium ions to saliva and therefore protecting enamel.

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Objective: Intimal hyperplasia is associated with graft failure and vascular sutures in the first year after surgery and in postangioplasty restenosis. Allium sativum (common garlic) lowers cholesterol and has antioxidant effects; it also has antiplatelet and antitumor properties and, therefore, has great potential to reduce or inhibit intimal hyperplasia of the arteries. Our objective is to determine if the garlic has an efficacy to inhibit myointimal hyperplasia compared to cilostazol. Methods: Female New Zealand rabbits were divided into the following groups (n=10 each) according to treatment: group A, garlic, 800 µg×kg-1×day-1, orally; group C, cilostazol, 50 mg.day-1, orally; group PS, 10 ml of 0.9% physiological saline solution, orally. Our primary is the difference of the mean of myointimal hyperplasia. Statistical analysis was performed by using ANOVA and Tukey tests, as well as the Chi-square test. We calculated the 95% confidence interval for each point estimate, and the P value was set as < 0.05. Results: Group PS had a mean hyperplasia rate of 35.74% (95% CI, 31.76-39.71%); group C, 16.21% (95% CI, 13.36-19.05%); and group A, 21.12% (95% CI, 17.26-25.01%); P < 0.0001. Conclusion: We conclude that Allium sativum had the same efficacy in inhibiting myointimal hyperplasia when compared to the positive control, cilostazol.

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Abstract Objective: Intimal hyperplasia is associated with graft failure and vascular sutures in the first year after surgery and in postangioplasty restenosis. Allium sativum (common garlic) lowers cholesterol and has antioxidant effects; it also has antiplatelet and antitumor properties and, therefore, has great potential to reduce or inhibit intimal hyperplasia of the arteries. Our objective is to determine if the garlic has an efficacy to inhibit myointimal hyperplasia compared to cilostazol. Methods: Female New Zealand rabbits were divided into the following groups (n=10 each) according to treatment: group A, garlic, 800 µg×kg-1×day-1, orally; group C, cilostazol, 50 mg.day-1, orally; group PS, 10 ml of 0.9% physiological saline solution, orally. Our primary is the difference of the mean of myointimal hyperplasia. Statistical analysis was performed by using ANOVA and Tukey tests, as well as the Chi-square test. We calculated the 95% confidence interval for each point estimate, and the P value was set as < 0.05. Results: Group PS had a mean hyperplasia rate of 35.74% (95% CI, 31.76–39.71%); group C, 16.21% (95% CI, 13.36–19.05%); and group A, 21.12% (95% CI, 17.26–25.01%); P<0.0001. Conclusion: We conclude that Allium sativum had the same efficacy in inhibiting myointimal hyperplasia when compared to the positive control, cilostazol.

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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the surgical outcomes of patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP) operated on by a single surgeon of the cleft reference center of the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital at the Federal University of Paraiba. METHODS: Forty-four individuals' dental casts diagnosed with CUCLP, born between 1995 and 2002, mean age of 11 years, were evaluated by three calibrated orthodontic specialists and scored by the Great Ormond Street, London and Oslo (GOSLON) yardstick on two occasions. The scores were compared with those observed in other centers around the world. The Kappa test was applied to evaluate the intra- and inter-examiner agreement. Descriptive statistics was applied for the GOSLON yardsticks core. RESULTS: The mean GOSLON score was 2.75. For the GOSLON yardstick, 43.2 % of the sample presented scores 1 and 2, 31.8 % had score 3, and 25 % were with scores 4 and 5. There was very good intra- and inter-examiner Kappa agreement in the application of the GOSLON yardstick. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest favorable outcomes, with 75 % of cases with no need of orthognathic surgery. The Kappa values confirmed the high reproducibility of the GOSLON yardstick.

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CONTEXTO: Por ser o laser um método novo no tratamento das varizes, há muitos mitos e dúvidas com relação à sua eficácia; assim, surgiu a necessidade de compará-lo a substância esclerosante mais utilizada em nosso meio (glicose hipertônica). OBJETIVO: Comparar a eficiência do laser diodo 980 nm à glicose 75 por cento na oclusão de veias em orelha de coelho. MÉTODOS: Ensaio aleatório em animais de laboratório por 21 dias. A amostra consistiu de orelhas de coelhos machos adultos. Grupo L (laser): 15 orelhas tratadas com laser; grupo G (glicose 75 por cento): 15 orelhas tratadas com glicose a 75 por cento. Variáveis primárias: veias esclerosadas e/ou ocluídas. Variáveis complementares: volume da substância administrada, complicações e peso. O tamanho da amostra foi estimado em 30 orelhas. Foi realizado o teste exato de Fisher associado ao Risco Relativo (RR), calculando-se o intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95 por cento para as variáveis acima. RESULTADOS: A incidência de esclerose ou oclusão venosa no grupo G foi de 53 por cento (8/15; IC95 por cento: 27-79) e no grupo L, 20 por cento (3/15; IC95 por cento: 4-49). O p bicaudal foi de 0,1281, o RR usando a aproximação de Katz foi de 2,66; IC95 por cento: 0,87-8,15. CONCLUSÃO: A eficiência do laser diodo 980 nm em comparação à da glicose 75 por cento na oclusão de veias para o modelo experimental estudado foi equivalente.

BACKGROUND: The laser is a new treatment to varicose veins and there is several myths and doubts in relation to its efficacy; then, there is the need to compare it with the most commonly sclerosing solution (hypertonic glucose) used in our specialty. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficiency of the diode laser 980nm to the glucose 75 percent in the occlusion of veins from the ear of rabbits. METHODS: Aleatory trial in laboratory animals during 21 days. The sample consisted of ears from male adult rabbits. Group L (laser): 15 ears treated with laser; group G (glucose 75 percent): 15 ears treated with glucose 75 percent. Primary variables: sclerotic and/or occluded veins. Complementary variables: volume of the managed substance, complications and weight of rabbit. The sample size was estimated in 30 ears. The statistical analysis was carried out by Fisher''s exact test associated to the Relative Risk (RR), calculating the confidence interval of 95 percent for the mentioned variables. RESULTS: The incidence of sclerosis or venous occlusion in group G was 53 percent (8/15; 95 percentCI: 27-79) and in group L was 20 percent (3/15; 95 percent CI: 4-49). Two-tailed p was 0.1281, RR using the approximation of Katz was 2.66; 95 percentCI: 0.87-8.15. CONCLUSION: The efficiency of the diode laser 980 nm in comparison to glucose 75 percent in occlusion of veins in this experimental model was equivalent.

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O esmalte dentário é um tecido duro, submetido constantemente aos processos de des e remineralização pelo contato com os fluidos bucais. Acredita-se que é necessário compreender o mecanismo de formação do esmalte para entender como os ácidos orgânicos e inorgânicos interferem na sua estrutura por visão microscópica e clínica. Desta forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre os aspectos clínicos e histopatológicos de dois tipos de desgaste dentário: cárie e erosão. Enfatiza-se que apesar da cárie e da erosão serem resultado de processos de perda de tecido do dente, o mecanismo de ação do agente etiológico é diferenciado a nível microestrutural, repercutindo em aspectos clínicos distintos.

Dental enamel is a hard tissue, des and remineralization processes is frequently because buccal fluids constant expouse. It is believed that is necessary to understand the enamel formation mechanism to understand as the organic and inorganic acids interfere in structure one for microscopic and clinical vision. This way, the aim of this work was carry out literature review about clinical and histopatological aspects of two types of dental wear: caries and erosion. It is emphasized that dental caries and erosion resulted of loss tooth tissue processes, the etiological agent action mechanism is diff erentiated by microstrutural and clinical level.

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OBJETIVO: Realizar um levantamento das condições de saúde gengival e higiene oral de crianças de duas escolas da rede pública de ensino, em João Pessoa, Brasil, diferenciadas pela presença (escola A) e ausência de consultório odontológico (escola B) em suas dependências, além de correlacionar essas condições a escolaridade dos pais e a renda familiar. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 170 alunos. Os índices utilizados foram: Índice de Sangramento Gengival, Índice de Placa Visível e Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado. O nível socioeconômico foi determinado pela renda per capita. Foram aplicados o teste de qui-quadrado, Mann-Whitney U e correlação de Pearson (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: A prevalência de gengivite foi de 81,8 por cento. Correlação estatisticamente significativa (p<0,01) foi identificada entre os três índices dos indivíduos das escolas A e B. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação à presença de biofilme visível entre as duas escolas. Observaram-se associações entre a gengivite das crianças e a escolaridade dos pais (p< 0,05). A diferença entre renda familiar e as escolas A e B foi estatisticamente significativa, tendo 78,2 por cento das famílias abaixo ou na linha de pobreza. CONCLUSÃO: Pode-se concluir que a presença de consultório odontológico na escola não foi fator determinante para a presença de melhores condições de saúde oral.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the gingival health and oral hygiene of students from two public schools in João Pessoa, Brazil, one with a dental office in the premises (school A) and one without (school B) and correlated these conditions with the students' parents' education level and family income. METHODS: The sample consisted of 170 students. The indices used were: Gingival Bleeding Index, Visible Plaque Index and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. The socioeconomic status was determined by per capita income. The chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's correlation were used (p<0.05). RESULTS: The prevalence of gingivitis was 81.8 percent. A significant correlation (p <0.01) was found among the three indices of the students from both schools. There was no significant difference between the students of the two schools regarding the presence of a visible biofilm. Associations were found between students' gingivitis and parents' education level (p<0.05). The family income of students from schools A and B was significantly different, with 78.2 percent of the households of school A/B students being at or below the poverty line. CONCLUSION: The presence of a dental office in the school was not a determinant for better oral health conditions.

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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a associação das variáveis relacionadas às fissuras labiopalatinas transforame incisivo unilateral (FTIU) que interferem no índice de crescimento dos arcos dentários. As variáveis analisadas foram a extensão da fissura, presença de bandeleta de Simonart e idade de realização das cirurgias de queiloplastia e palatoplastia. Foi avaliado o índice de Goslon de 44 modelos de gesso consecutivos, pré-tratamento ortodôntico de indivíduos portadores de FTIU tratados no serviço de fissuras labiopalatinas do Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley (HULW) - UFPB, operados pelo mesmo cirurgião. Os modelos foram categorizados por três examinadores, ortodontistas com experiência no tratamento de portadores de fissuras labiopalatinas, previamente calibrados (K=0,905). As variáveis foram cruzadas utilizando se o teste qui quadrado com intervalo de confiança de 5% (p<0,05). As variáveis que demonstraram associação com o índice de Goslon foram a presença de bandeleta de Simonart (p= 0,011) e extensão da fissura (p=0,035), além de haver uma forte associação entre a extensão da fissura e a presença da bandeleta de Simonart (p=0,003). As idades de realização da queiloplastia e da palatoplastia não demonstraram associação estatisticamente significante (p>0,05), concluindo-se que variáveis inerentes à própria fissura podem interferir no prognóstico do crescimento maxilar dos pacientes portadores de FTIU à longo prazo.

This study aims to evaluate the association of variables related to unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) that interfere in the growth rate of the dental arches. The variables analyzed were the extent of the fissure, the presence of bandeleta Simonart, cheiloplasty day of age and palatoplasty. It was assessed in plaster models of 44 consecutive7, pre-orthodontic treatment of individuals with UCLP treated cleft lip and palate service in the University Hospital Lauro Wanderley (HULW) - UFPB, operated by the same surgeon.The models were evaluated by three examiners, orthodontist with experience in treating patients with cleft lip and palate (K=0,905). The variables were combined using the chi square confidence interval p<0.05. The variables that showed association with the index were the presence of Goslon bandeleta of Simonart (p = 0.011) and the extent of the fissure (p = 0.035), and there is a strong association between the extent of the fissure and the presence of bandeleta Simonart (p=0.003). The ages of achievement of cheiloplasty and palatoplasty showed no statistically significant association (p> 0.05). It was concluded that variables inherent in the cleft can interfere in the prognosis of maxillary growth in patients with long-term UCLP.

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Objetivo: Fazer um levantamento, frente aos odontopediatras e clínicos gerais, quanto ao conhecimento do diagnóstico e tratamento dos defeitos do esmalte em pacientes na cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Métodos: Foram entrevistados 25 odontopediatras e 56 clínicos gerais inscritos no Conselho Regional de Odontologia de João Pessoa, onde foram apresentados dois casos clínicos para serem relatados o diagnóstico e o tratamento dos mesmos. Resultados: Ao se observar a relação entre os diagnósticos corretos nos referidos casos clínicos, verificou-se que apenas 4,9% dos entrevistados acertaram o diagnóstico da opacidade e 19,8% o da hipoplasia (p>0.05). Com relação ao tratamento indicado, em cada caso, pelos profissionais, observou-se que 4,07% acertaram o da opacidade e 87,7% o da hipoplasia (p>0.05). Conclusão: Os conceitos de diagnóstico e tratamento dos defeitos do esmalte necessitam ser atualizados entre os profissionais da odontologia que lidam com crianças, em virtude de representarem fatores de grande relevância na predisposição ao desenvolvimento da cárie precoce na infância.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge of pediatric dentists and general practitioners on the diagnosis and treatment of enamel defects in patients from the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba. Methods: A total of 25 pediatric dentists and 56 general dentists registered at the Regional Dental Council of João Pessoa were interviewed. Two clinical cases were presented to them for them to diagnose and suggest treatment. Results: The percentage of correct diagnoses for the clinical cases presented to the dentists was low: only 4.9% of the dentists correctly diagnosed opacity and 19.8% correctly diagnosed hypoplasia (p>0.05). As for treatment, only 4.07% of the interviewed dentists proposed a correct treatment for opacity and 87.7% proposed a correct treatment for hypoplasia (p>0.05). Conclusion: Dental care professionals that work with children need to update their knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment of enamel defects because these are very relevant factors that predispose the child early to caries lesions.

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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar a prevalência de defeitos do esmalte, sua correlação com a cárie precoce da infância e os fatores etiológicos relacionados com a sua ocorrência, em uma coorte de crianças nascidas na Maternidade Cândida Vargas, João Pessoa/PB, de baixo nível sócio=econômico, em áreas com baixa concentração de flúor na água, entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2000...

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of enamel defects and their correlation with early childhood caries and the etiological factors related to its occurrence in a cohort of children born in the Maternity Candida Vargas, João Pessoa / PB, low socio = economic in areas with low fluoride concentration in water, between January and February 2000...

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O objetivo deste estudo foi o de determinar a prevalência e a severidade da gengivite em indivíduos de 7 a 12 anos de baixo nível socioeconômico. Foram examinados 176 escolares de uma instituição da rede pública de ensino. Os índices aplicados foram: índice de Sangramento Gengival (ISG) e o Índice de Placa Visível (IPV). O nível socioeconômico foi determinado pela renda per capta e a classe socioeconômica. Foram aplicados o teste Exato de Fisher, Anova oneway e a correlação de Pearson. A prevalência de gengivite e de biofilme visível foi de 97,2%, sendo a forma leve mais frequente (89,8%). A média±DP do ISG e do IPV foi de 8,26±6,5% e 10,39±8,2%, respectivamente. A maioria dos escolares relatou uma alta frequência de escovação (70,5%) e ausência da utilização dp fio dental (92%). Observou-se correlação negativa entre idade e o IPV e o ISG. Em relação à renda, 53,3% das crianças estavam na linha de indigência. Sendo assim, pode-se concluir que as crianças examinadas apresentaram elevada prevalência de gengivite na forma leve, apesar de terem relatado uma alta frequência de escovação.

The aims of this studywere to determine the gingivitis prevalence and severity in low socioeconomic status children of 7-12 years old. One hundred and seventy six students aged 7 to 12 years from public school were examined. The indexes used were: Bl (Bleeding index) and PVI (Plaque Visible Index). The socioeconomic status was determined according family income and the socioeconomic class. Exact test of Fisher, Anova oneway and the correlation of Pearson were used. The gingivitis and visible biofilm prevalence were of 97,2%, being the more frequent the light form (89,8%). The mean±SD of Bl and of BVI was of 8,26±6.5 and 10.39±8.2%, respectively. The children had a higt toothbrush frequency (70.5%) and absence of flossing use (92%). Negative correlation was observed between age, IPV and ISG. In relation to the income, 53,3% of the children were in the poverty line. The examined children presented a high light gingivitis prevalence, especially of the light form, instead of the high toothbrush frequency related.

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RESUMEN

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o perfil profissional dos Odontopediatras e Dentistas Clínicos Gerais que atendem crianças na cidade de João Pessoa - PB, Brasil. A amostra foi constituída de dois grupos: 26 Odontopediatras e 56 Cirurgiões-dentistas (proporção aproximada de 1:2). Uma entrevista foi realizada para investigar os seguintes aspectos: faculdade de graduação, tempo de formado, local de trabalho e titulação profissional. Observou-se predominância do gênero feminino nos dois grupos, sendo 96,15% dos Odontopediatras e 91,1% dos Clínicos Gerais. Em relação ao tipo de faculdade, se pública ou privada, 96,15% dos Odontopediatras e 96,4% dos Clínicos Gerais fizeram a graduação em instituições públicas. Trabalharam a maior parte do tempo no setor privado, 65,38% dos Odontopediatras e 53,6% dos Clínicos Gerais. Apenas 23,08% dos Odontopediatras realizaram pós-graduação em nível de Mestrado e/ou Doutorado. Entre os Clínicos Gerais, um terço (32,1%) relatou ter realizado curso de pós-graduação. O profissional que atende crianças na cidade de João Pessoa - PB caracteriza-se por ser predominantemente do gênero feminino, ter formação em instituição pública de ensino e dedicar maior tempo de trabalho ao setor privado.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the pediatric dentistry and general dentistry profile of professionals working in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. The sample was composed of two groups: 26 pediatric dentistry and 56 general dentistry (proportion of 1:2). The interview technique was used to investigate the following aspects: educational institution, professional years experience, work place and professional titulation. Among those interviewed, 96.15 and 91.1% of the pediatric dentistry and general dentistry, respectively, were of the feminine gender; 96.15 and 96.4% of the pediatric dentistry and general dentistry were graduated from public universities, respectively, and 65.38 and 53.6% of the pediatric dentistry and general dentistry, respectively, worked mostly in the private sector. Only 23.08% of pediatric dentistry professionals had attended to postgraduate school. About a third of the general dentistry (32.1%) had attended postgraduate school. Therefore, this data indicates that children living in Joao Pessoa, PB are attended by female practitioners, graduated from public universities, and who are largely employed on private sector.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o perfil profissional dos Odontopediatras e Dentistas Clínicos Gerais que atendem crianças na cidade de João Pessoa - PB, Brasil. A amostra foi constituída de dois grupos: 26 Odontopediatras e 56 Cirurgiões-dentistas (proporção aproximada de 1:2). Uma entrevista foi realizada para investigar os seguintes aspectos: faculdade de graduação, tempo de formado, local de trabalho e titulação profissional. Observou-se predominância do gênero feminino nos dois grupos, sendo 96,15% dos Odontpediatras e 91,1% dos Clínicos Gerais. Em relação ao tipo de faculdade, se pública ou privada, 96,15% dos Odontopediatras e 96,4% dos Clínicos Gerais fizeram a graduação em instituições públicas. Trabalharam a maior parte do tempo no setor privado, 65,38% dos Odontopediatras e 53,6% dos Clínicos Gerais. Apenas 23,08% dos Odontopediatras realizaram pós-graduação em nível de Mestrado e/ou Doutorado. Entre os Clínicos Gerais, um terço (32,1%) relatou ter realizado curso de pós-graduação. O profissional que atende crianças na cidade de João Pessoa - PB caracteriza-se por ser predominantemente do gênero feminino, ter formação em instituição pública de ensino e dedicar maior tempo de trabalho ao setor privado.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the pediatric dentistry and general dentistry profile of professionals working in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. The sample was composed of two groups: 26 pediatric dentistry and 56 general dentistry (proportion of 1:2). The interview technique was used to investigate the following aspects: educational institution, professional years experience, work place and professional titulation. Among those interviewed, 96.15 and 91.1% of the pediatric dentistry and general dentistry, respectively, were of the feminine gender; 96.15 and 96.4% of the pediatric dentistry and general dentistry were graduated from public universities, respectively, and 65.38 and 53.6% of the pediatric dentistry and general dentistry, respectively, worked mostly in the private sector. Only 23.08% of pediatric dentistry professionals had attended to postgraduate school. About a third of the general dentistry (32.1%) had attended postgraduate school. Therefore, this data indicates that children living in Joao Pessoa, PB are attended by female practitioners, graduated from public universities, and who are largely employed on private sector.

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