RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate how stressful life events and social support relate to central adiposity in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Data included information from 802 participants in the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort that was collect in 2004-2005 and 2006. Stratifying by sex, we studied self-reported stressful life events during the year before 2004-2005 in relation to change in waist circumference between 2004-2005 and 2006 and waist-to-hip ratio in 2006, using both bivariate and multivariate linear regression models. RESULTS: In adjusted models, the experience of stressful life events during the year before 2004-2005 predicted a change in waist circumference in 2006 in men and a change in both waist-to-hip ratio in 2006 and waist circumference between 2004-2005 and 2006 in women. Men who experienced two or more stressful events had on average a one centimeter increase in their waist circumference between 2004-2005 and 2006 (ß = 0.97, 95%CI 0.02-1.92), compared to those reporting no stressful events. For women, those who had one and those who had two or more stressful life events had over a 1 cm increase in their waist circumference from 2004-2005 to 2006 (ß = 1.37, 95%CI 0.17-2.54; ß = 1.26, 95%CI 0.11-2.40, respectively), compared to those who did not experience any stressful event. For both sexes, social support level was not significantly related to either waist-to-hip ratio or change in waist circumference, and it did not modify the association between stress and central adiposity. CONCLUSIONS: The experience of more than one stressful life event was associated with distinct indicators of central adiposity for men versus women.
Asunto(s)
Adiposidad , Acontecimientos que Cambian la Vida , Obesidad Abdominal/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Adulto , Índice de Masa Corporal , Brasil , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de Riesgo , Circunferencia de la Cintura , Relación Cintura-CaderaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To investigate how stressful life events and social support relate to central adiposity in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Data included information from 802 participants in the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort that was collect in 2004-2005 and 2006. Stratifying by sex, we studied self-reported stressful life events during the year before 2004-2005 in relation to change in waist circumference between 2004-2005 and 2006 and waist-to-hip ratio in 2006, using both bivariate and multivariate linear regression models. RESULTS: In adjusted models, the experience of stressful life events during the year before 2004-2005 predicted a change in waist circumference in 2006 in men and a change in both waist-to-hip ratio in 2006 and waist circumference between 2004-2005 and 2006 in women. Men who experienced two or more stressful events had on average a one centimeter increase in their waist circumference between 2004-2005 and 2006 (β = 0.97, 95%CI 0.02-1.92), compared to those reporting no stressful events. For women, those who had one and those who had two or more stressful life events had over a 1 cm increase in their waist circumference from 2004-2005 to 2006 (β = 1.37, 95%CI 0.17-2.54; β = 1.26, 95%CI 0.11-2.40, respectively), compared to those who did not experience any stressful event. For both sexes, social support level was not significantly related to either waist-to-hip ratio or change in waist circumference, and it did not modify the association between stress and central adiposity. CONCLUSIONS: The experience of more than one stressful life event was associated with distinct indicators of central adiposity for men versus women.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Adiposidad , Obesidad Abdominal/psicología , Acontecimientos que Cambian la Vida , Brasil , Índice de Masa Corporal , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios de Cohortes , Relación Cintura-Cadera , Circunferencia de la CinturaRESUMEN
Objective: To evaluate the association between dietary patterns and mental disorders among pregnant women in southern Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 712 pregnant women recruited from the Study of Food Intake and Eating Behaviors in Pregnancy (ECCAGe). Food intake assessment was performed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by cluster analysis. The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) was used to evaluate participants' mental health. Poisson regression models with robust variance were fitted to estimate prevalence ratios (PR). Results: In the adjusted models, there was a high prevalence of major depressive disorder among women with low fruit intake (43%, PR 1.43, 95%CI 1.04-1.95) and high sweets and sugars intake (91%, PR 1.91, 95%CI 1.19-3.07). Women with a common-Brazilian dietary pattern had higher prevalence of major depressive disorder compared to those with a varied consumption pattern (PR 1.43, 95%CI 1.01-2.02). Low intake of beans was significantly associated with generalized anxiety disorder (PR 1.40, 95%CI 1.01-1.93). Conclusions: Low consumption of fruits and beans and intake of the common-Brazilian dietary pattern during pregnancy were associated with higher prevalence of mental disorders. These results reinforce the importance of an adequate dietary intake to ensure better mental health in pregnancy.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Embarazo , Adolescente , Adulto , Complicaciones del Embarazo/epidemiología , Encuestas sobre Dietas/estadística & datos numéricos , Conducta Alimentaria , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Trastornos de Ansiedad/epidemiología , Factores Socioeconómicos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Brasil/epidemiología , Dulces/estadística & datos numéricos , Prevalencia , Estudios Transversales , Phaseolus , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/epidemiología , Preferencias Alimentarias , FrutasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE:: To evaluate the association between dietary patterns and mental disorders among pregnant women in southern Brazil. METHODS:: Cross-sectional study with 712 pregnant women recruited from the Study of Food Intake and Eating Behaviors in Pregnancy (ECCAGe). Food intake assessment was performed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by cluster analysis. The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) was used to evaluate participants' mental health. Poisson regression models with robust variance were fitted to estimate prevalence ratios (PR). RESULTS:: In the adjusted models, there was a high prevalence of major depressive disorder among women with low fruit intake (43%, PR 1.43, 95%CI 1.04-1.95) and high sweets and sugars intake (91%, PR 1.91, 95%CI 1.19-3.07). Women with a common-Brazilian dietary pattern had higher prevalence of major depressive disorder compared to those with a varied consumption pattern (PR 1.43, 95%CI 1.01-2.02). Low intake of beans was significantly associated with generalized anxiety disorder (PR 1.40, 95%CI 1.01-1.93). CONCLUSIONS:: Low consumption of fruits and beans and intake of the common-Brazilian dietary pattern during pregnancy were associated with higher prevalence of mental disorders. These results reinforce the importance of an adequate dietary intake to ensure better mental health in pregnancy.
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Encuestas sobre Dietas/estadística & datos numéricos , Conducta Alimentaria , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Complicaciones del Embarazo/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Trastornos de Ansiedad/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Dulces/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Transversales , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/epidemiología , Femenino , Preferencias Alimentarias , Frutas , Humanos , Phaseolus , Embarazo , Prevalencia , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the association between shift work and metabolic syndrome (MetS) as well as the potential confounders investigated. A systematic search was conducted with the aim of finding original articles on the association between shift work and MetS. The included articles were chosen based on established inclusion criteria; their methodological quality was assessed using a validated quality checklist. A total of 10 articles were included in this review. The majority of the studies were classified as having a low risk of bias. The definitions of MetS and shift work varied between studies. Among the ten studies, eight found a positive association between shift work and MetS after controlling for socio-demographic and behavioral factors. Only three studies included sleep duration as a confounder, and these studies presented discordant results. We conclude that there was insufficient evidence regarding the association between shift work and prevalent MetS when the confounders are taken into account.
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Síndrome Metabólico/etiología , Trastornos del Sueño del Ritmo Circadiano/complicaciones , Humanos , Factores de Riesgo , Tolerancia al Trabajo Programado/fisiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption and factors associated with it in a Brazilian adult population. METHODS: Cross-sectional population-based study including 2,177 adults (aged 20 to 69), living in the urban area of the municipality of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The sample was selected in multiple stages. Heavy alcohol consumption was defined as above 30g/day. The adjusted analysis was conducted by logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption was 14.3% (29.2% among men and 3.7% among women). The following groups presented higher prevalences of heavy alcohol consumption after adjusted analysis: men, elderly people, blacks or mulattoes, heavy smokers, and people who present some kind of chronic disease. Men with minor psychiatric disorders showed higher prevalences of heavy alcohol consumption than other men. Among women, association between age and heavy alcohol consumption was inversely related. Furthermore, the study indicates that among hypertensive subjects, those with heavy alcohol consumption presented worse disease management. CONCLUSIONS: Heavy alcohol consumption is high and results in countless negative consequences for the individual's health and quality of life. Our results highlight the high prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption and indicate subsections of the whole population more susceptible to alcoholism.
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Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Trastornos Relacionados con Alcohol/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Trastornos Relacionados con Alcohol/etiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores Sexuales , Fumar/efectos adversosRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao consumo abusivo de álcool. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de base populacional incluindo 2.177 indivíduos adultos (20 a 69 anos) residentes na zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas, RS. Amostragem em múltiplos estágios. Consumo de álcool abusivo foi definido como mais de 30 g/dia. A análise ajustada foi realizada por regressão logística não condicional. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de consumo abusivo de álcool foi de 14,3 por cento, sendo 29,2 por cento para os homens e 3,7 por cento para as mulheres. Os seguintes grupos apresentaram maior consumo abusivo de álcool após análise ajustada: homens, idosos, indivíduos com pele preta ou parda, de nível social mais baixo, fumantes pesados e que apresentam alguma doença crônica. Somente entre os homens, os que apresentavam distúrbios psiquiátricos menores mostraram maior índice de consumo abusivo e entre as mulheres a relação foi inversa com idade. Constatou-se também que entre os hipertensos, aqueles classificados como consumidores excessivos apresentavam pior controle da doença. CONCLUSÕES: O consumo abusivo de álcool é elevado e acarreta inúmeras conseqüências negativas para a saúde e qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Os resultados indicam uma alta prevalência de consumo abusivo de álcool e identificam alguns subgrupos da população mais suscetíveis ao alcoolismo.
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Alcoholismo , Estudios Transversales , Factores Socioeconómicos , Factores de Riesgo , Prevalencia , Problemas SocialesRESUMEN
Foi realizado estudo transversal em uma amostra representativa da populaçäo adulta de Pelotas para determinar a prevalência de obesidade e os fatores a ela associados, tendo em vista o acentuado aumento de excesso de peso no Brasil, entre 1974 e 1989. Foram estudadas 1.035 pessoas com idade entre 20 e 69 anos, residentes na zona urbana do município. A obesidade foi definida a partir do índice de massa corporal (IMC) igual ou superior a 30 Kg/m2. A análise multivariada foi realizada considerando um modelo hierárquico das variáveis associadas com obesidade em ambos os sexos. A prevalência de obesidade foi de 21 por cento (IC95 por cento 18 - 23), sendo de 25 por cento (IC95 por cento 22 - 29) entre mulheres e 15 por cento (IC95 por cento 12 - 18) entre os homens. A relaçäo entre as variáveis socioeconomicas e a obesidade foi inversa entre as mulheres e direta entre os homens. Entre as mulheres, as variáveis que se mantiveram associadas significativamente com obesidade foram: obesidade dos pais, ocorrência de diabete ou hipertensäo, näo fumar, menor número de refeiçöes diárias e näo ter realizado exercício físico no lazer durante o último ano. Para os homens somente a ocorrência de obesidade nos pais e a hipertensäo arterial sistêmica estiveram significativamente associadas, enquanto a proteçäo do maior número de refeiçöes apresentou uma associaçäo quase significativa (p=0,07). Os resultados indicam que os determinantes de obesidade säo diferentes entre os sexos, ocorrendo em maior freqüência entre as mulheres e com o aumento da idade