RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Inappropriate medication use in older people is an important source of adverse events and complications. AIM: To determine the frequency of inappropriate medication use in the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As part of the 2010 Chilean National Health Survey, 1,048 persons aged 65 years or more were interviewed about medication use. The information obtained was analyzed using standardized Beers criteria, adapted for the Chilean population, to define inappropriate medication use. A logistic regression model was performed to define risk factors for inappropriate medication use. RESULTS: Ten percent of subjects had a high risk of inappropriate medication use. The most common medications used were chlorphenamine, amitriptyline, diazepam, chlorpromazine, chlordiazepoxide and piroxicam. The risk factors detected were female gender, polypharmacy and a bad health self-perception. CONCLUSIONS: Inappropriate medication use is common among Chilean older people and should be discouraged.
Asunto(s)
Errores de Medicación/estadística & datos numéricos , Lista de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropiados/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Chile , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polifarmacia , Lista de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropiados/clasificación , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Distribución por Sexo , Factores Sexuales , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
Background: Inappropriate medication use in older people is an important source of adverse events and complications. Aim: To determine the frequency of inappropriate medication use in the general population. Material and Methods: As part of the 2010 Chilean National Health Survey, 1,048 persons aged 65 years or more were interviewed about medication use. The information obtained was analyzed using standardized Beers criteria, adapted for the Chilean population, to define inappropriate medication use. A logistic regression model was performed to define risk factors for inappropriate medication use. Results: Ten percent of subjects had a high risk of inappropriate medication use. The most common medications used were chlorphenamine, amitriptyline, diazepam, chlorpromazine, chlordiazepoxide and piroxicam. The risk factors detected were female gender, polypharmacy and a bad health self-perception. Conclusions: Inappropriate medication use is common among Chilean older people and should be discouraged.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Lista de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropiados/estadística & datos numéricos , Errores de Medicación/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Modelos Logísticos , Chile , Factores Sexuales , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas Epidemiológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Distribución por Sexo , Medición de Riesgo , Polifarmacia , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos , Lista de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropiados/clasificaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There are several diagnostic criteria for Metabolic Syndrome (MS) definition. AIM: To study their application in the Chilean general adult population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed data from a random sub sample of 1.833 adults aged 17 years and older surveyed during the First Chilean National Health Survey conducted in 2003. The prevalence of MS was estimated using the update Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF 2005) criteria. The distribution of MS was analyzed according to age, gender, educational level, geographic area, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MS was 31.6% (95% CI 28.5-34.9) and 36.8% (95% CI 33.5-40.3), according to update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria respectively. Both criteria had a 90% concordance. Demographic and socioeconomic distribution was similar for both criteria. The prevalence of high blood pressure, high fasting glucose, and low HDL cholesterol (MS components) were: 46, 22 and 53% respectively. The prevalence of abnormal waist circumference was 30 and 59% according to update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria, respectively. Using update ATPIII-NCEP criteria, the gender, age and educational level adjusted odds ratio (OR) for having MS was 9.59 (95% IC 6.8-13.6) for obese subjects compared with normal weight subjects and 2.14 (95% IC 1.3-3.7) for sedentary subjects compared with non sedentary. CONCLUSIONS: There was a 90% agreement between update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria for the diagnosis of MS. The overall prevalence of MS in this population was 32% usuing update ATPIII-NCEP criteria, with higher prevalence among obese and sedentary subjects.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Obesidad/epidemiología , Conducta Sedentaria , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Chile/epidemiología , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólico/diagnóstico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/diagnóstico , Prevalencia , Valores de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Indoor air pollution has been identified as a major risk factor for acute and chronic respiratory diseases throughout the world. In the sovereign Navajo Nation, an American Indian reservation located in the Four Corners area of the USA, people burn coal in their homes for heat. To explore whether/how indoor coal combustion might contribute to poor respiratory health of residents, this study examined respiratory health data, identified household risk factors such as fuel and stove type and use, analyzed samples of locally used coal, and measured and characterized fine particulate airborne matter inside selected homes. In twenty-five percent of homes surveyed coal was burned in stoves not designed for that fuel, and indoor air quality was frequently found to be of a level to raise concerns. The average winter 24-hour PM2.5 concentration in 20 homes was 36.0 µg/m³. This is the first time that PM2.5 has been quantified and characterized inside Navajo reservation residents' homes.
Asunto(s)
Contaminación del Aire Interior/efectos adversos , Carbón Mineral/efectos adversos , Indígenas Norteamericanos , Exposición por Inhalación/efectos adversos , Material Particulado/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Respiratorias/etiología , Contaminación del Aire Interior/análisis , Ceniza del Carbón/efectos adversos , Ceniza del Carbón/análisis , Calefacción/métodos , Vivienda , Humanos , Exposición por Inhalación/análisis , New Mexico/epidemiología , Material Particulado/análisis , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades Respiratorias/etnología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Background: There are several diagnostic criteria for Metabolic Syndrome (MS) defnition. Aim: To study their application in the Chilean general adult population. Material and Methods: We analyzed data from a random sub sample of 1.833 adults aged 17 years and older surveyed during the First Chilean National Health Survey conducted in 2003. The prevalence of MS was estimated using the update Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF 2005) criteria. The distribution of MS was analyzed according to age, gender, educational level, geographic area, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. Results: The overall prevalence of MS was 31.6 percent (95 percent CI 28.5-34.9) and 36.8 percent (95 percent CI 33.5-40.3), according to update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria respectively. Both criteria had a 90 percent concordance. Demographic and socioeconomic distribution was similar for both criteria. The prevalence of high blood pressure, high fasting glucose, and low HDL cholesterol (MS components) were: 46, 22 and 53 percent respectively. The prevalence of abnormal waist circumference was 30 and 59 percent according to update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria, respectively. Using update ATPIII-NCEP criteria, the gender, age and educational level adjusted odds ratio (OR) for having MS was 9.59 (95 percent IC 6.8- 13.6) for obese subjects compared with normal weight subjects and 2.14 (95 percent IC 1.3-3.7) for sedentary subjects compared with non sedentary. Conclusions: There was a 90 percent agreement between update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria for the diagnosis of MS. The overall prevalence of MS in this population was 32 percent usuing update ATPIII-NCEP criteria, with higher prevalence among obese and sedentary subjects.