RESUMEN
Oil spills have become a major source of pollution. In some cases, the impacted environment is self-cleansed by waves. Turbulent environments have enjoyed research attention with models available. However, it is different for stagnant water in sections of Nigerian Niger Delta mangrove swamp. This paper reports on developing mathematical models for monitoring transport of non-volatile aliphatic hydrocarbons by water and sediments using equations of transport and mass transfer. The models were validated using results from a simulated stagnant water mangrove swamp polluted with crude oil. From the result, non-volatile aliphatic hydrocarbons transported through water at 0.25 m and 1 m for month 1 is 335.75 µg/l and 0.062 µg/l for experiment and 360.0 µg/l and 0.181 µg/l for model respectively. While month 5, was 1505.37 µg/l and 15.78 µg/l for experiment and 1300.77 µg/l and 28.94 µg/l for model respectively. These and others reported show that the models developed can adequately predict the transport of non-volatile aliphatics.
Asunto(s)
Contaminación por Petróleo , Petróleo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Ecosistema , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Hidrocarburos/análisis , Niger , Nigeria , Petróleo/análisis , Contaminación por Petróleo/análisis , Agua , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , HumedalesRESUMEN
Laboratory bioremediation experiments were carried out on crude oil-polluted soil samples by applying various amounts of poultry droppings and natural rubber processing sludge as nutrient supplements at 29 degrees and using slurry-phase and solid-phase biodegradation techniques. Changes in the total hydrocarbon content of the soil were determined using a spectrophotometric technique as a function of time. It was found that the extent of crude oil degradation in untreated soil samples was markedly lower (by up to 100%) than in the soil samples treated with nutrient supplements. Hydrocarbon degradation efficiency was higher in the slurry-phase than in the soil-phase technique.
Asunto(s)
Petróleo/metabolismo , Aves de Corral/microbiología , Aguas del Alcantarillado/microbiología , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/metabolismo , Animales , Biodegradación Ambiental , Contaminación Ambiental , Hidrocarburos/metabolismo , Goma , Espectrofotometría , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Crude oil-polluted soil (five parts of weathered crude oil per 100 parts of soil; equivalent to 50,000 mg oil kg(-1) soil) samples were slurried in deionised water (300% of the water retention capacity of the soil) and treated with various amounts of natural-rubber processing sludge (nitrogen content 62.15 mg kg(-1) and phosphorus contents 8.75 mg kg(-1)) in a well-stirred, continuously-aerated tank at 29 degrees C. Changes in the total hydrocarbon content of the soil sample were determined, using a spectrophotometric technique, as a function of time. The extent of crude oil degradation was markedly higher (by up to 100%) in the sludge-treated soil than in the untreated soil sample. The efficiency of biodegradation of the crude oil hydrocarbons using the slurry-phase technique was compared with that of solid-phase technique.