RESUMEN
SUMMARY: KofamKOALA is a web server to assign KEGG Orthologs (KOs) to protein sequences by homology search against a database of profile hidden Markov models (KOfam) with pre-computed adaptive score thresholds. KofamKOALA is faster than existing KO assignment tools with its accuracy being comparable to the best performing tools. Function annotation by KofamKOALA helps linking genes to KEGG resources such as the KEGG pathway maps and facilitates molecular network reconstruction. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: KofamKOALA, KofamScan and KOfam are freely available from GenomeNet (https://www.genome.jp/tools/kofamkoala/). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Computadores , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Bases de Datos FactualesRESUMEN
Novel Kv1.3 blocking immunosuppressants, (-)-candelalides A, B and C, were efficiently synthesized for the first time in a convergent and unified manner starting from (+)-5-methyl-Wieland-Miescher ketone. The synthetic method involved the following key steps: i) a strategic [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement of a stannylmethyl ether to install the stereogenic center at C9 and the exo-methylene function at C8 present in the decalin portion; ii) a straightforward coupling of a trans-decalin portion (BC ring) and a gamma-pyrone moiety through the C16-C3' bond to assemble the requisite carbon framework; and iii) a construction of a characteristic di or tetrahydropyran ring (A ring) by internal nucleophilic ring closure of a hydroxy aldehyde or a hydroxy epoxide. The present total synthesis has fully established the absolute configuration of these natural products.
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Productos Biológicos/síntesis química , Productos Biológicos/farmacología , Diterpenos/síntesis química , Diterpenos/farmacología , Inmunosupresores/síntesis química , Inmunosupresores/farmacología , Canal de Potasio Kv1.3/antagonistas & inhibidores , Pironas/síntesis química , Pironas/farmacología , Productos Biológicos/química , Diterpenos/química , Inmunosupresores/química , Estructura Molecular , Pironas/química , Estereoisomerismo , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
A convergent route to (-)-candelalide A involved the union of a trans-decalin portion (AB ring) and a gamma-pyrone moiety through the C16-C3' bond to assemble the whole carbon framework and subsequent formation of the dihydropyran ring (C ring) as the crucial steps. A strategic [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement was employed for establishing the stereogenic center at C9 and an exo-methylene function at C8 present in the decalin portion. [reaction: see text]
Asunto(s)
Diterpenos/química , Diterpenos/síntesis química , Inmunosupresores/química , Inmunosupresores/síntesis química , Canal de Potasio Kv1.3/antagonistas & inhibidores , Pironas/química , Pironas/síntesis química , Ascomicetos/química , Estructura Molecular , EstereoisomerismoRESUMEN
We report a case of multiple thymoma with different histological subtypes, not associated with myasthenia gravis. We describe the histological findings, especially the results of immunohistochemical staining, which support the possibility of multicentric thymoma. The validity of extended thymectomy is also discussed.