RESUMEN
Differentiating nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) from usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is important for the determination of both treatment and prognosis. Using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), we examined 8 UIPs, 8 NSIPs, and 30 normal lung tissues. Comparisons with control in 2D-DIGE showed that (a) in UIP, nine protein spots were significantly upregulated and seven were significantly downregulated, (b) in NSIP, four protein spots were significantly upregulated and nine were significantly downregulated. The detected proteins were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, allowing qualitative differences in vimentin subtypes to be characterized. One vimentin subtype was upregulated in UIP, while another one was downregulated in NSIP (vs. control). These different characteristics were partially supported by the results of Western blot analysis. Our immunohistochemistry revealed vimentin expression within fibroblasts (a) in fibroblastic foci in UIP and (b) in fibrotic alveolar walls in NSIP. Differences in vimentin subtypes may provide useful biomarkers for separating NSIP from UIP, alongside differences in histological characteristics.
Asunto(s)
Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática/diagnóstico , Vimentina/biosíntesis , Biomarcadores/análisis , Western Blotting , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Electroforesis en Gel Bidimensional , Humanos , Fibrosis Pulmonar Idiopática/metabolismo , Inmunohistoquímica , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/metabolismo , Proteómica , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización DesorciónRESUMEN
Human intestinal spirochetosis is a colorectal infectious disease caused by 2 Brachyspira species. Its diagnosis is established by histology, culture, and polymerase chain reaction, but the value of cytologic examination in routine practice remains unclear. In this study, imprint cytology of biopsy specimens was examined for cytologic features specific to human intestinal spirochetosis. Specimens were obtained from 65 colorectal regions (1-3 regions from each case) in 25 ultrastructurally and/or genetically confirmed human intestinal spirochetosis cases (20 with Brachyspira aalborgi, 3 with B pilosicoli, 2 with both genotypes). In cytologic specimens, spirochetes tended to be floating freely within the mucus and intestinal fluid, whereas the "fringe formation" of spirochetes typically observed in histologic specimens was indistinct in cytologic specimens. Spirochetes were identified in 58 regions (89.2%) and 23 cases (92.0%) by cytology, against in 50 regions (76.9%) and 22 cases (88.0%) by histology (no significant differences). In 6 of 8 regions exhibiting positive cytology and negative histology, B pilosicoli was present within the mucus. Hence, B pilosicoli may tend to float in the mucus. In conclusion, cytologic examination would be useful for the routine identification of human intestinal spirochetosis, especially if B pilosicoli is involved. Further, we suggest the existence of differences in biological behavior between these spirochetes.
Asunto(s)
Brachyspira/aislamiento & purificación , Colon/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/microbiología , Enfermedades Intestinales/microbiología , Moco/microbiología , Adulto , Biopsia , Brachyspira/genética , Colon/patología , Colon/ultraestructura , Técnicas Citológicas , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/genética , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/patología , Humanos , Enfermedades Intestinales/genética , Enfermedades Intestinales/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiología , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/ultraestructura , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa InversaRESUMEN
Two patients underwent uneventful total removal of convexity or trigone meningioma, but subsequently edema enlarged causing symptoms 3-4 weeks later. Gradual improvement was obtained by steroid administration in 1 patient and re-craniotomy in 1 patient. The histological findings in Case 1 were not confirmed, but inflammatory reaction against residual microfibrillar collagen hemostat (MCH) may have developed. The specimen from around the cyst in Case 2 showed moderate staining for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF secreted by the tumor might have resulted in spread of inflammation due to MCH in the brain parenchyma. Furthermore, inflammatory reactions may have obstructed or formed a one-way communication in the inferior horn and residual cavity, resulting in malabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid. Postoperative edema with the timing in these cases is difficult to anticipate. However, the risk of this phenomenon can probably be minimized by ensuring that MCH is removed as effectively as possible after use, or by refraining from use in the brain parenchyma and by taking care to connect the residual cavity to the ventricular system, particularly if the tumor contacts a cerebral ventricle.
Asunto(s)
Edema Encefálico/etiología , Neoplasias del Ventrículo Cerebral/complicaciones , Neoplasias Meníngeas/complicaciones , Meningioma/complicaciones , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Encéfalo/patología , Encéfalo/fisiopatología , Encéfalo/cirugía , Edema Encefálico/patología , Edema Encefálico/fisiopatología , Neoplasias del Ventrículo Cerebral/patología , Neoplasias del Ventrículo Cerebral/cirugía , Presión del Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/fisiología , Colágeno/efectos adversos , Encefalitis/etiología , Encefalitis/patología , Encefalitis/fisiopatología , Humanos , Hidrocéfalo Normotenso/etiología , Hidrocéfalo Normotenso/patología , Hidrocéfalo Normotenso/fisiopatología , Ventrículos Laterales/patología , Ventrículos Laterales/cirugía , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Neoplasias Meníngeas/patología , Neoplasias Meníngeas/cirugía , Meningioma/patología , Meningioma/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/patología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/fisiopatología , Factores de Tiempo , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/análisis , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
We present a middle-aged, heterosexual Japanese man with mixed infections including human intestinal spirochetosis, which led us to the detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The patient had syphilis without related physical or neurological findings. An examination for the serum antibody for HIV performed 9 years previously was negative. In a complete medical checkup at the present time, human intestinal spirochetosis and unspecified entamebic cysts were suggested by histological examination of colonic biopsy material and parasitic examination of the intestinal fluid, respectively. Moreover, a serological test for the antibody for HIV was positive. In specimens obtained by colonoscopy, Brachyspira aalborgi was diagnosed by ultrastructural study and the polymerase chain reaction method for bacterial 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. Although HIV infection remains at low prevalence in Japan, we recommend examination for HIV infection in patients with human intestinal spirochetosis, especially when other co-infections are apparent.
Asunto(s)
Brachyspira/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Enfermedades Intestinales/etiología , Intestinos/microbiología , Infecciones por Spirochaetales/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
We report 3 cases of solitary papillomas located in peripheral regions of the lung that are extremely rare in the literature. The patients were 75-year-old and 72-year-old men and a 53-year-old woman. One patient complained of recurrent hemoptysis. The other 2 had no symptoms, but abnormal nodular shadows were revealed by chest radiographs during a health check. The maximum diameters of the tumors were 1.0, 1.4, and 1.1 cm, respectively. The 3 tumors gave almost the same histologic findings. Papillomatous fronds lined by a stratified columnar epithelium were seen in the lumens of peripheral bronchi, bronchioles, or alveoli. The stratified columnar epithelium consisted of ciliated, mucous, and basal cells. The neoplastic epithelium extended to the alveolar region and showed a similar appearance to bronchioloalveolar or papillary type adenocarcinomas. For differential diagnosis, it is noteworthy that endobronchiolar papillomatous fronds constantly exist and spreading along alveolar walls is limited in adjacent alveoli in peripheral papillomas. The presence of ciliated cells and basal cells is considered an important finding to suggest benign character of the lesion.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma Bronquioloalveolar/patología , Neoplasias de los Bronquios/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Glandulares y Epiteliales/patología , Papiloma/patología , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitario/patología , Anciano , Bronquios/patología , Neoplasias de los Bronquios/ultraestructura , Cilios/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Glandulares y Epiteliales/ultraestructura , Papiloma/ultraestructura , Alveolos Pulmonares/patología , Mucosa Respiratoria/patología , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitario/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There are few reports on the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of pure mica pneumoconiosis. METHODS: A case of definite pure mica pneumoconiosis in a rubber factory worker is reported with the clinicopathological findings. RESULTS: Chest HRCT demonstrated subpleural and peribronchovascular interstitial thickening. The characteristic histologic features were pulmonary fibrosis accompanied by prominent histiocytic granulomas containing giant cells. CONCLUSIONS: Pure mica pneumoconiosis can be identified by specific radiologic and pathologic findings.
Asunto(s)
Silicatos de Aluminio/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Profesionales/complicaciones , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Neumoconiosis/complicaciones , Síndrome de Sjögren/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Neumoconiosis/diagnóstico , Neumoconiosis/etiologíaRESUMEN
A 58-year-old woman was admitted because of bilateral diffuse nodular shadows on chest radiograph. Video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy specimens showed marked lymphocytic infiltration into the bronchiolar wall. HTLV-1 antibody was examined because the patient's parents were born in Okinawa Prefecture. The patient turned out to be an adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) carrier with positive HTLV-1 antibody. Therefore, HTLV-1 associated bronchiolitis was diagnosed. Although no dry symptoms appeared, it became clear by the saxon test that she was also complicated with Sjögren syndrome. Generally, it is reported that there is coherence with HTLV-1 infection and Sjögren syndrome. So the HTLV-1 infection might have accounted for the pathogenesis of these three disorders (HTLV-1 infection, bronchiolitis, Sjögren syndrome).
Asunto(s)
Bronquiolitis/etiología , Portador Sano , Leucemia-Linfoma de Células T del Adulto/complicaciones , Síndrome de Sjögren/etiología , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Bronquiolitis/diagnóstico , Portador Sano/diagnóstico , Femenino , Virus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/inmunología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Serológicas , Síndrome de Sjögren/diagnósticoRESUMEN
To review the pulmonary CT findings in sarcoidosis at diagnosis, and to analyze the change in each finding at follow-up in cases without corticosteroid treatment. The study included 21 cases of pulmonary involvement of sarcoidosis. We analyzed the presence or absence and grade of each HRCT finding: bronchial wall thickening, enlargement of vascular shadows, pleural involvement, septal thickening, small nodules, ground-glass opacities, centrilobular opacities, consolidation, nodules, and volume loss. Afterwards, we compared the initial CT with the follow-up CT, and described the change of each finding as "improved" or "not improved". Furthermore, we decided if each case as a whole was improved or not after considering all of the pulmonary CT findings. Twelve of the 21 cases were improved. Small nodules, ground-glass opacities, centrilobular opacities, and nodules had improved in more than 50% of the cases since the initial CT. However, pleural involvement (10/11) and volume loss (6/9) were not improved. Pleural involvement and volume loss correlated the radiological irreversibility (p < 0.05). Of the several pulmonary CT findings in sarcoidosis, pleural involvement and volume loss show the highest rates of irreversible pulmonary changes.