Asunto(s)
Laparoscopía , Epiplón , Quiste Pancreático/congénito , Quiste Pancreático/cirugía , Enfermedades Peritoneales/diagnóstico , Quistes/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Quiste Pancreático/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Peritoneales/cirugía , Recurrencia , Reoperación , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Using a method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with coulometric array, we measured isoflavone levels in sera from seven volunteers before and after three days of ingesting Soyaflavone E (an isoflavones powder) and from 129 female farmers (Japanese Multiple Environmental Toxicants Study; JMETS). Results showed that the serum isoflavone concentrations rose dramatically after three days of ingesting Soyaflavone E in all subjects except for the serum equol concentrations in two subjects. The geometric mean concentrations of daidzein, genistein, and equol in the serum of 129 Japanese women were 25.0 ng/ml of daidzein, 94.1 ng/ml of genistein, and 9.6 ng/ml of equol. Interestingly, there existed two dominant groups in terms of serum equol concentrations in an independent manner of soy-derived product intake among the study participants.
Asunto(s)
Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Isoflavonas/administración & dosificación , Isoflavonas/metabolismo , Adulto , Dieta , Ingestión de Alimentos , Equol , Femenino , Genisteína/sangre , Humanos , Isoflavonas/biosíntesis , Isoflavonas/sangre , Isoflavonas/química , Japón , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Alimentos de Soja , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Cadmium is a potent hepatotoxicant for which neither effective preventive methods nor the mechanism of toxicity has been established. We investigated the preventive effect of dexamethasone against cadmium toxicity on cadmium-induced liver injury in rabbits. Pretreatment with dexamethasone at 1 mg/kg increased the rate of survival in rabbits administered 2.5 mg/kg iv cadmium. Cadmium induced acute severe liver injury characterized by hepatocellular necrosis, infiltration by inflammatory cells, and increases of plasma GOT, GPT, LDH, and LDH5. Dexamethasone mitigated the acute hepatotoxic effect of cadmium, but exacerbated cadmium-induced kidney dysfunction, with destruction of renal tubular cells and increases in excretion of protein, glucose, and amino acids into urine. The cadmium concentration in liver and kidney of rabbits administered cadmium was not changed by dexamethasone pretreatment. Although metallothionein mRNA expression induced by cadmium was not affected by dexamethasone in liver or kidney, cadmium-induced metallothionein protein production was augmented at the early phase in liver and decreased at the later phase in kidney. Neutrophilia observed after cadmium administration was enhanced initially by dexamethasone pretreatment. These results indicate that dexamethasone pretreatment potently prevented cadmium-induced liver injury, but exacerbated renal tubular dysfunction.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Cadmio/toxicidad , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/prevención & control , Dexametasona/farmacología , Enfermedades Renales/fisiopatología , Aminoácidos/orina , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/toxicidad , Nitrógeno de la Urea Sanguínea , Cadmio/análisis , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/sangre , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/patología , Creatinina/sangre , Dexametasona/toxicidad , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Femenino , Riñón/química , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Renales/sangre , Enfermedades Renales/inducido químicamente , Hígado/química , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/patología , Metalotioneína/biosíntesis , Proteinuria/etiología , Conejos , Tasa de Supervivencia , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been associated with infectious mononucleosis, EBV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (EBV-AHS), chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV), lymphomas, inflammatory pseudotumor, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. EBV-AHS and CAEBV are more lethal than infectious mononucleosis with imaging findings of gallbladder wall thickening, pleural effusion, cardiomegaly, and hepatomegaly. EBV infection is also associated with benign and malignant tumors.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Burkitt/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Burkitt/diagnóstico por imagen , Niño , Preescolar , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Histiocitosis de Células no Langerhans/diagnóstico , Histiocitosis de Células no Langerhans/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Lactante , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/diagnóstico por imagen , Japón , Granulomatosis Linfomatoide/diagnóstico , Granulomatosis Linfomatoide/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
Both toxic exposure to cadmium and cancer therapy with cisplatin (CDDP) can induce anemia in patients owing to the insufficient production of erythropoietin (EPO). Therefore, the effects of cadmium chloride (Cd) and CDDP in the Hep3B human hepatoma cell line, which up-regulates EPO expression in response to hypoxia and cobalt (Co), were investigated. The induction of binding activity of the HIF-1 transcription factor and EPO mRNA expression and protein production were suppressed by Cd and CDDP in a dose-dependent manner with no apparent cell damage. Mercuric chloride also suppressed hypoxia- and Co-induced EPO production, mRNA expression, and HIF-1 binding in a manner similar to Cd and CDDP, whereas zinc chloride suppressed Co-induced EPO production, mRNA expression, and HIF-1 binding but did not affect hypoxia induction or that observed after simultaneous exposure to hypoxia and Co. In contrast, lead and tin salts had no effect on HIF-1 activation or EPO expression. These results indicate that Cd and CDDP have a strong and specific inhibitory effect on hypoxia- and Co-induced signaling and EPO induction in hepatic cells. It is likely that these agents cause anemia by directly impacting EPO production in the kidney. (Blood. 2000;96:3743-3747)
Asunto(s)
Cadmio/farmacología , Cisplatino/farmacología , Eritropoyetina/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción , Cadmio/efectos adversos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cisplatino/efectos adversos , Cobalto/efectos adversos , Cobalto/farmacología , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Eritropoyetina/genética , Humanos , Hipoxia/metabolismo , Factor 1 Inducible por Hipoxia , Subunidad alfa del Factor 1 Inducible por Hipoxia , Mercurio/efectos adversos , Mercurio/farmacología , Metales Pesados/efectos adversos , Metales Pesados/farmacología , Proteínas Nucleares/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Unión Proteica/efectos de los fármacos , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , ARN Mensajero/efectos de los fármacos , Células Tumorales Cultivadas , Zinc/efectos adversos , Zinc/farmacologíaRESUMEN
It is reported repeatedly that severe hepatocellular necrosis along with infiltration of neutrophils occurs after acute cadmium exposure. Neutrophils, which migrate by the gradient of chemoattractants such as interleukin-8, are believed to play an important role in inflammation at the damaged sites. To investigate whether neutrophils aggravate or repair the liver injury induced by cadmium, we checked the hepatotoxic effects of cadmium on human interleukin-8 transgenic mice (hIL-8Tg), which overexpressed IL-8 and displayed an inability of neutrophil migration resulting from both the lack of chemotactic gradient and the downregulation of l-selectin on the surface of neutrophils. A significantly lower survival rate was observed in hIL-8Tg compared with wild-type mice after subcutaneous administration of cadmium. Evident liver injury characterized by abrupt increases in plasma GOT and GPT levels was found in hIL-8Tg at 18 h after cadmium administration. Histological examinations, including H & E staining and esterase staining, revealed the infiltration of numerous neutrophils into the damaged liver tissues in wild-type mice, and the inhibition of the neutrophil migration into the liver as well as enhanced hepatocellular necrosis in hIL-8Tg. Peripheral white blood cell and polymorphonuclear cell counts increased and reached their peaks at 12 h after cadmium administration in wild-type mice, whereas the increase in blood leukocyte counts was delayed in hIL-8Tg. There was no significant difference in the amounts of cadmium accumulated in liver and kidneys between wild-type mice and hIL-8Tg. In conclusion, an acute cadmium hepatotoxic effect was exacerbated in hIL-8Tg resulting from inhibited neutrophil migration, suggesting that migrated neutrophils can prevent aggravation of liver injury by acute cadmium administration.
Asunto(s)
Intoxicación por Cadmio/patología , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/patología , Interleucina-8/fisiología , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Animales , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Cadmio/farmacocinética , Intoxicación por Cadmio/mortalidad , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/mortalidad , Humanos , Interleucina-8/biosíntesis , Riñón/metabolismo , Riñón/patología , Recuento de Leucocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/enzimología , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Metalotioneína/sangre , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Transgénicos , Infiltración Neutrófila/efectos de los fármacos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Selectinas/biosíntesis , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
The talonavicular relationship in 14 patients with talipes equinovarus was quantified using gradient echo sequences. The angle formed between the short axis of the navicular and the long axis of the talus was measured. There is a significant difference in the talonavicular angle between patients who had posteromedial release (PMR) and those who had posterior release (PR) or casting only (P=.0004). This method provides an objective assessment of residual deformity following surgical and conservative management of talipes equinovarus.
Asunto(s)
Pie Equinovaro/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Análisis de Varianza , Pie Equinovaro/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , MasculinoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To clarify whether and when neuroblastomas identified through screening do regress, and to ascertain how to treat them appropriately, we observed screened patients who had localized tumors, without any therapeutic intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The criteria for the observation program were as follows: disease stage I or II; tumor less than 5 cm in diameter; no invasion to the intraspinal canal or growth to the great vessels; urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) less than 50 microg/mg creatinine; and informed consent. Of 25 patients identified through screening for 6-month-old infants in Saitama Prefecture, Japan between April 1994 and March 1996, 11 patients who met the criteria and one other patient with stage III tumor were enrolled onto the program. They were examined by abdominal ultrasonography (US) and their urinary VMA and HVA levels were assessed approximately once per month. The observation periods ranged from 4 to 27 months. RESULTS: The 11 tumors decreased in size, although one of these 11 tumors initially enlarged until the patient was 12 months of age and decreased in size thereafter. One other tumor slightly increased in size. Urinary VMA levels decreased in all patients. None of the tumors had completely disappeared by the last observation day. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that regression of screened neuroblastoma is not a rare phenomenon. At present, it seems reasonable to adopt a wait-and-see strategy, with careful observation, for selected stage I or II tumors identified in infants screened at 6 months of age.
Asunto(s)
Regresión Neoplásica Espontánea , Neuroblastoma/metabolismo , Ácido Homovanílico/orina , Humanos , Lactante , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Neuroblastoma/patología , Ácido Vanilmandélico/orinaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate the clockwise whirlpool sign at color Doppler ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of midgut volvulus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pediatric patients (160 boys, 76 girls; age range, 0 day to 14 years) with possible midgut volvulus underwent abdominal gray-scale US and color Doppler US. Midgut volvulus was diagnosed by recognition of the whirlpool sign (wrapping of the superior mesenteric vein and the mesentery around the superior mesenteric artery). If the whirlpool rotated clockwise with caudal movement of the transducer, the direction of the whirlpool was defined as clockwise. RESULTS: Color Doppler US showed a whirlpool sign that was clockwise in 12 of 13 patients with surgically confirmed midgut volvulus and counterclockwise in three patients without midgut volvulus. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of clockwise whirlpool sign for midgut volvulus were 92%, 100%, and 100%. CONCLUSION: The clockwise whirlpool sign is diagnostic of midgut volvulus. Color Doppler US should be performed as an initial imaging study in children suspected of having midgut volvulus.
Asunto(s)
Obstrucción Intestinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Ultrasonografía Doppler en Color , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Obstrucción Intestinal/epidemiología , Obstrucción Intestinal/etiología , Intestinos/anomalías , Intestinos/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Retrospectivos , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
We report a patient with hypomelanosis of Ito associated with neuroblastoma. Though not previously reported, the association is plausible since both conditions are forms of "neurocristopathy".
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/complicaciones , Ganglioneuroblastoma/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Pigmentación/complicaciones , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/patología , Femenino , Ganglioneuroblastoma/diagnóstico , Ganglioneuroblastoma/secundario , Humanos , Lactante , Trastornos de la Pigmentación/diagnósticoRESUMEN
To make a backlight display panel for a scientific exhibit, we used a commercially available laser imager. The MR image was directly transferred from the MR apparatus to a personal computer, and other image information was transferred through an image scanner or digital camera. Text for the presentation was made on the commercially available presentation software Persuasion. It took approximately 10 minutes to print out all the panels needed for one exhibit, and cost only 3,600 Yen (600 Yen a film).