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Purpose: To evaluate predictive factors associated with detectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and describe clinical recurrence (CR) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Methods: The study included 2500 patients who were treated with RARP at a single institution between 2000 and 2016. All patients had clinically localized PCa. Patients were divided into two groups according to PSA value at 6 weeks after surgery: undetectable (n = 2271; PSA < 0.1 ng/dl) and persistently elevated (n = 229; PSA ≥ 0.1 ng/dl). The association between various covariates and: (1) detectable PSA and (2) CR was evaluated. Kaplan-Meier analyses estimated CR and CSM rates according to PSA persistence. Results: Inside the group of detectable PSA, 146 men (63.75%) received adjuvant treatments, 44 patients (19.21%) salvages therapies and 38 men (16.5%) experienced CR. Factors associated with aggressive disease predicted PSA persistence. Within patients with detectable PSA, pathologic stage ≥ pT3a (HR 2.71; p < 0.029) and to received adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) due to bad prognosis tumors (HR 13.36; p < 0.001) were associated with CR. Overall 14 (0.56%) died of PCa. 5 and 10-year CSM rates were higher for patients with CR (9.6 and 23.7%, p < 0.001), and Gleason ≥ 8 (5.7 and 6.9%, p = 0.003). Conclusions: A detectable PSA is affected by factors associated with aggressive prostate cancer. Within men with persistent PSA, those with higher pathologic stage and who received adjuvant ADT are more likely to have CR. Patients with CR, Gleason ≥ 8, and those who received adjuvant ADT must have a close monitoring due to the high rate of mortality

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PURPOSE: To evaluate predictive factors associated with detectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and describe clinical recurrence (CR) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). METHODS: The study included 2500 patients who were treated with RARP at a single institution between 2000 and 2016. All patients had clinically localized PCa. Patients were divided into two groups according to PSA value at 6 weeks after surgery: undetectable (n = 2271; PSA < 0.1 ng/dl) and persistently elevated (n = 229; PSA ≥ 0.1 ng/dl). The association between various covariates and: (1) detectable PSA and (2) CR was evaluated. Kaplan-Meier analyses estimated CR and CSM rates according to PSA persistence. RESULTS: Inside the group of detectable PSA, 146 men (63.75%) received adjuvant treatments, 44 patients (19.21%) salvages therapies and 38 men (16.5%) experienced CR. Factors associated with aggressive disease predicted PSA persistence. Within patients with detectable PSA, pathologic stage ≥ pT3a (HR 2.71; p < 0.029) and to received adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) due to bad prognosis tumors (HR 13.36; p < 0.001) were associated with CR. Overall 14 (0.56%) died of PCa. 5 and 10-year CSM rates were higher for patients with CR (9.6 and 23.7%, p < 0.001), and Gleason ≥ 8 (5.7 and 6.9%, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: A detectable PSA is affected by factors associated with aggressive prostate cancer. Within men with persistent PSA, those with higher pathologic stage and who received adjuvant ADT are more likely to have CR. Patients with CR, Gleason ≥ 8, and those who received adjuvant ADT must have a close monitoring due to the high rate of mortality.

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Introducción: La reacción inflamatoria local después de una biopsia prostática (BP) puede influir de manera negativa en los resultados globales posprostatectomía radical. No hay evidencia suficiente en la literatura respecto al impacto del número de punciones en los resultados posquirúrgicos. Objetivos: Determinar el impacto del número de punciones de la BP en las complicaciones posquirúrgicas y en el estado de los márgenes operatorios. Material y métodos: Se registraron prospectivamente 2.054 pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical asistida por robot (PRAR) en nuestra institución. Se formaron 2 grupos de pacientes, en relación con el número de punciones en la BP (G1≤ 12 punciones; G2 > 12 punciones). Se evaluó por medio del análisis multivariable (modelos de regresión logística) el impacto del número de punciones en las complicaciones posquirúrgicas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1.042 pacientes en el grupo 1 (≤ 12 punciones) y 1.012 pacientes en el grupo 2 (> 12 punciones). La tasa de complicaciones perioperatorias se incrementó a medida que aumentaba el número de punciones. (G1 6,4 vs. G2 8,5%; p = 0,03); no obstante, las complicaciones mayores (Clavien 3-4) fueron similares (G1 1,4 vs. G2 2,2%; p = 0,16). No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa respecto a los márgenes quirúrgicos positivos en ambos grupos (G1 11,8 vs. 9,98%; p = 0,2). El análisis multivariable (regresión logística) demostró que el grupo 2 tenía un porcentaje un 39% mayor de experimentar complicaciones post-PRAR (OR 0,645). Conclusión: El mayor número de punciones (> 12) en la BP podría estar relacionado con mayor sangrado y complicaciones posquirúrgicas después de PRAR. Una cuidadosa evaluación preoperatoria de los pacientes que se sometieron a biopsias o protocolos de saturación múltiple es obligatoria. La aplicación de intervalos más largos (> 6 semanas) entre la biopsia y la cirugía puede ser recomendable para minimizar los potenciales riesgos de complicaciones quirúrgicas en los pacientes que pueden beneficiarse de PRAR. Otros estudios son todavía necesarios para confirmar estos resultados

Introduction: The local inflammatory process after prostate biopsies can have a negative impact on functional outcomes of radical prostatectomy. There is no evidence in literature demonstrating its impact on radical prostatectomy. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of the number of TRUS core biopsies in the surgical morbidity and rate of positive margin on robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Material and methods: A prospectively maintained database of 2,054 RARPs in a single institution. Patients were further grouped into 2 groups based on the number of TRUS biopsy cores (G1≤12 cores; G2>12 cores). Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to analyze the impact of number of cores on complications. Results: A total number of 1,042 patients in the group 1 (≤12 cores) and 1,012 patients in the group 2 (>12 cores) were included. The rate of perioperative complications increased with higher number of biopsies (G1 6.4 vs. G2 8.5%; P=.03), but high grade complication (Clavien 3-4) were similar (G1 1.4 vs. G2 2.2%; P=.16). Positive surgical margin rates were similar in both groups (G1 11.8 vs. 9.98%; P=.2). At the multivariable logistic regression analysis shown that G2 had a 39% (OR 0.645) higher rate to experience perioperative complications during RARP. Conclusion: Higher number of TRUS biopsy cores (>12) is associated to higher blood loss and perioperative complications during RARP. Careful preoperative evaluation for those patients underwent multiple biopsies or saturation protocols is mandatory. Application of longer intervals (>6 weeks) between biopsy and surgery may be advisable to minimize potential risks of surgical complications in patients may benefit from RARP. Further studies are still necessary to confirm these results

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INTRODUCTION: The local inflammatory process after prostate biopsies can have a negative impact on functional outcomes of radical prostatectomy. There is no evidence in literature demonstrating its impact on radical prostatectomy. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of the number of TRUS core biopsies in the surgical morbidity and rate of positive margin on robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospectively maintained database of 2,054 RARPs in a single institution. Patients were further grouped into 2 groups based on the number of TRUS biopsy cores (G1≤12 cores; G2>12 cores). Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to analyze the impact of number of cores on complications. RESULTS: A total number of 1,042 patients in the group 1 (≤12 cores) and 1,012 patients in the group 2 (>12 cores) were included. The rate of perioperative complications increased with higher number of biopsies (G1 6.4 vs. G2 8.5%; P=.03), but high grade complication (Clavien 3-4) were similar (G1 1.4 vs. G2 2.2%; P=.16). Positive surgical margin rates were similar in both groups (G1 11.8 vs. 9.98%; P=.2). At the multivariable logistic regression analysis shown that G2 had a 39% (OR 0.645) higher rate to experience perioperative complications during RARP. CONCLUSION: Higher number of TRUS biopsy cores (>12) is associated to higher blood loss and perioperative complications during RARP. Careful preoperative evaluation for those patients underwent multiple biopsies or saturation protocols is mandatory. Application of longer intervals (>6 weeks) between biopsy and surgery may be advisable to minimize potential risks of surgical complications in patients may benefit from RARP. Further studies are still necessary to confirm these results.

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