RESUMEN
The relations among year of eligibility, sex, and achievement motivation were investigated with 88 athletes representing three levels of collegiate eligibility (Year 1, Year 2/3, and Year 4) by sex. Participants were given Achievement Motivation subscales for Sporting Environments (approach-success practice, approach-success competition, failure-avoidance practice, failure-avoidance competition). A 3 x 2 analysis of variance showed significant main effects for year of eligibility and sex, and an interaction for age x sex for the failure-avoidance competition scores. Mean approach-success and failure-avoidance practice scores were not significantly different. Fear of failure may be less for male athletes in Year 4 of eligibility.
Asunto(s)
Logro , Ambiente , Motivación , Deportes , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The effects of specific versus variable practice on retention and transfer was investigated. 30 participants were randomly assigned to one of three practice conditions. The variable speed group practiced on a pursuit rotor task at three different speeds (60, 45, 30 rpm) which were randomly distributed but equal in number for 30 10-sec. trials on Day 1. The Specific Practice group performed all 30 10-sec. trials at 45 rpm on Day 1. On Day 2, all groups performed 15 trials at the 45-rpm retention speed and 15 trials at the 75-rpm transfer speed. The Control group only performed on Day 2. Analysis showed the Specific Practice group had significantly higher scores on Day 1. On Day 2, the Specific Practice group had significantly higher retention scores and the Variable Practice group had higher transfer scores. Continuous motor skills might be practiced differently depending on the environmental context in which the skill may be used.
Asunto(s)
Destreza Motora , Práctica Psicológica , Retención en Psicología , Transferencia de Experiencia en Psicología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Desempeño Psicomotor , Tiempo de Reacción , Aprendizaje SeriadoRESUMEN
The effects of sex and competitive status (athlete vs nonathlete) on ankle inversion-eversion range of motion was investigated. 62 collegiate athletes and 36 collegiate nonathletes, both male and female, were tested. Analysis of variance showed significant (p<.05) main effects for sex but not competitive status or sex x competitive status. These results imply that college age women have more ankle rotational range of motion than men and that collegiate athletes in a group of various sports do not differ in ankle range of motion when compared to college nonathletes. Power in this sample did not permit definitive assessment.