RESUMEN
Activity of tubular lysosomic (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase--NAG, its thermostable isoenzyme NAG B and B-galactosidase--beta-GAL) and mitochondrial (L-canavanine: ornithine amidinetransferase--COAT) enzymes were measured in urine of 30 patients with diabetes complicated by diabetic nephropathy (DN). It was shown that activity of NAG, especially its thermostable isoenzyme NAG B and also beta-GAL in urine of DN patients was higher compare to those in healthy subject. Moreover COAT activity was registered in urine of DN patients while it is not presented in healthy persons. The precise dependence of NAG, NAG B, beta-GAL levels and COAT activity on the functional state of renal parenchyma in particular on tubular nephron nephrocytes was found that allows us to consider the given parameters as markers of diabetic process progressing in kidneys in patients with diabetes.
Asunto(s)
Acetilglucosaminidasa/orina , Nefropatías Diabéticas/orina , beta-Galactosidasa/orina , Adulto , Amidinotransferasas/orina , Biomarcadores/orina , Nefropatías Diabéticas/enzimología , Femenino , Humanos , Isoenzimas/orina , Pruebas de Función Renal , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las PruebasRESUMEN
Abnormalities were studied of lipid metabolism in patients with glomerulonephritis (GN) depending on the presence of herpes infection (antibodies to herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus) versus similar indices in GN patients free from this infection (n = 75). Of these, 34 presented with the urinary syndrome (US), 41 had nephrotic syndrome (NS). Abnormalities of lipid metabolism in GN patients (irrespective of the syndrome) were shown to be more manifest in the presence of herpes infection. GN severity (in comparative evaluation within one entity) was not found to be dependent on the viral infection but disturbances in functional indices for the liver in patients in its presence occurred far more frequently. More profound abnormalities of lipid metabolism in GN patients in the presence of herpes virus infection can be a factor in GN chronization, affect the rate of progression of not only atherosclerotic lesions of kidneys but of glomerulosclerosis as well.
Asunto(s)
Glomerulonefritis/sangre , Herpes Simple/sangre , Lípidos/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Citomegalovirus/inmunología , Infecciones por Citomegalovirus/sangre , Infecciones por Citomegalovirus/inmunología , Femenino , Glomerulonefritis/complicaciones , Glomerulonefritis/inmunología , Herpes Simple/inmunología , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/sangre , Hiperlipidemias/etiología , Hiperlipidemias/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síndrome Nefrótico/sangre , Síndrome Nefrótico/complicaciones , Síndrome Nefrótico/inmunología , Simplexvirus/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The activities of lipid peroxidation processes and enzymes of antioxidant system in the blood of patient with renal failure have been studied. The results demonstrated stimulation of lipid peroxidation processes in blood serum, cellular membranes of erythrocytes and in urine. The study of the antioxidant system discovered the inhibition of various enzymes: superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, inhibiting production of active oxygen forms; transferring and ceruloplasmin as regulators of Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase influencing the ratio of oxidated and reduced glutathione forms and the level of SH-groups. So, determination of lipid peroxidation processes and antioxidant enzymes in blood is the sensitive inform test in diagnostics of chronic renal failure.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Ceruloplasmina/metabolismo , Fallo Renal Crónico/enzimología , Peroxidación de Lípido/fisiología , Transferrina/metabolismo , Membrana Eritrocítica/enzimología , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Glutatión Reductasa/sangre , Humanos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangreRESUMEN
As many as 159 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 100 those with glomerulonephritis residing in ecologically favourable, and on contaminated territories for 6-8 years after Chernobyl accident, were examined for indices of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant system and energy exchange. The above renal disease were found to be accompanied by a rise in the activity of lipid peroxidation and accumulation of excess of their products in cellular membranes and urine. In the antioxidant system, the activity of NAD-H2-dependent factors and an inhibitor of free radical oxidation of superoxiddismutase tends to decrease. There occur changes in isoenzyme spectrum of lactate and malatedehydrogenases. The above shifts appear to be manifest in those persons having been exposed to low radiation doses. Antioxidants and stabilizers of the biological membranes were shown to be useful in correcting the above metabolic processes.
Asunto(s)
Contaminación Radiactiva del Aire/efectos adversos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Glomerulonefritis/enzimología , Centrales Eléctricas , Pielonefritis/enzimología , Liberación de Radiactividad Peligrosa , Antioxidantes/efectos de la radiación , Enfermedad Crónica , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Humanos , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de la radiación , Factores de Tiempo , UcraniaRESUMEN
Measures of lipid peroxidation (malonaldehyde contents in blood, erythrocyte membranes and urine), parameters of the antioxidant system, structural and functional indices of cell membranes (cholesterol level, general content of phospholipids and phospholipid spectrum) were studied in patients with acute and chronic (stable and advancing) hematuric glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis chronization was established to be associated with the activation of lipid peroxidation, predominantly on the level of damaged organ, while the condition of the antioxidant system showed a trend to normalization. Advancing glomerulonephritis when compared to stable one revealed more pronounced processes of membrane destabilization as well as accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in membranes, erythrocytes, blood plasma and urine.
Asunto(s)
Glomerulonefritis/metabolismo , Hematuria/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Antioxidantes/análisis , Enfermedad Crónica , Membrana Eritrocítica/química , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Malondialdehído/análisis , Lípidos de la Membrana/sangreRESUMEN
A study of 86 patients with glomerulonephritis, urinary syndrome, presence of the hematuric component is characterized by an activation of lipid peroxidation as a result of disbalance the antioxidant system, that causes corresponding changes in the lipid phase of the cell membranes, reduction of the phospholipid and cholesterol level in the membranes, increase of its deformability capacity that may be of significance for the development of the hematuric component in patients with glomerulonephritis. The data stimulate the necessity of searching treatment directed to reduction of lipid peroxidation activation, normalization of the antioxidant system, stabilization of renal cell membranes.