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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Arterial aneurysm is a serious condition caused by weakened arterial walls. Aorto-uni-iliac (AUI) and femorofemoral bypass are safe and effective options for managing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, fem-fem bypass leads to longer surgical procedures and introduces additional risks such as graft infection, occlusion, wound complications, and peripheral vascular problems. This report highlights two successful cases of AAA management using the AUI approach without the need for fem-fem bypass. CASE PRESENTATION: Two male patients, both aged about 70, presented at our medical facility complaining of abdominal pain. Investigations unveiled an approximately 10-cm AAA that was previously undetected. Subsequently, we performed an elective AUI procedure without fem-fem bypass, marking the first instance of this technique being employed in Iran successfully. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: The placement of an AUI stent graft is generally less technically demanding compared to that of a standard bifurcated graft, especially when anatomical constraints are severe, making the latter difficult or even impossible to deploy. Beside the longer duration of stent deployment, sometimes we encounter contralateral complications to cannulate the main body. The AUI is typically used in emergency situations or when the distal aorta's internal diameter is small. The femoral-femoral bypass is advised in nearly all circumstances. CONCLUSION: AUI stent grafts are still a viable option for treatments of AAA, especially in cases of severe aortoiliac occlusive disease or comorbidities. AUI without crossover bypass is a viable option in the patients who have stenosis of contralateral iliac artery.
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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Although endovascular therapy is becoming more used for the treatment of splenic artery aneurysms (SAAs) instead of open surgery, there is limited information available on the emergent hybrid approach, selectively. We present our experience of hybrid therapy using an emergent endovascular balloon for inflow control and open resection. CASE PRESENTATION: A 34-year-old woman was brought to the emergency room after it was reported that she had a pseudoaneurysm in her splenic artery at a different medical facility. The patient was hemodynamically stable. Then we underwent a combination of endovascular and open procedures, using balloon proximal control and open aneurysm resection. She was discharged from hospital on the fifth postoperative day after the operation. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: There is no agreement on how to treat SAA patients. Endovascular procedures such as endovascular intervention are also being used, minimizing the risks of surgery and shortening the patient's hospital stay, but complications remain. We propose to try SAA's emergency hybrid strategy operation with a good prognosis and fewer complications. CONCLUSION: It seems that, compared to open surgery alone when endovascular procedures were impossible, elective hybrid procedures are more secure and efficient in stable patients and could make the operation easier without more dissection for proximal control of splenic artery.
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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Mesenteric artery stenosis leads to inadequate blood flow toward various parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Revascularization is the primary aim of treatment regardless of its approach. During the last decades, open revascularization has been replaced by endovascular-first approach. Mesenteric artery in-stent restenosis occurs in a considerable number of patients that need reintervention in up to half of them using redo endovascular revascularization or open surgery. Here, we reported a case of SMA and celiac artery stenoses treated by aortic reimplantation of the SMA. CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old man with history of previous stenting of CA and SMA was referred due to chronic intermittent abdominal. CT angiography of the abdomen showed restenosis of both arteries. A transection distal part of the occlusions SMA and reimplantation of it into the SMA on the anterolateral face of the infrarenal aorta as the end-to-side anastomosis were performed resulting in resolving the patient problem. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Chronic mesenteric ischemia can result from various medical conditions. Mesenteric vascular surgical revascularization through open laparotomy had been considered the standard of care. However, minimally invasive surgery such as endovascular therapy has attracted attention in the recent decades. There are some concerns about the difficulties of further surgery in case of re-occlusion. The end-to-side anastomosis and aortic reimplantation can be considered in patients with appropriate runoff in the remaining parts of corresponding vessels. CONCLUSION: Aortic reimplantation of the superior mesenteric artery in patients with restenosis of stents is a viable option especially in case of inappropriate iliac artery to perform retrograde mesenteric bypass.
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BACKGROUND: Liver enzyme abnormalities have been reported in Turner's syndrome (TS). There are some studies about possible causes of abnormal levels of liver enzymes. One of the main suggestions is obesity. The study aimed to determine the relationship between obesity and liver enzymes levels in patients with TS. METHODS: Forty-one karyotype-proven TS patients referred to Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center were included in this cross-sectional study. Height and weight of patients were measured and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The patients were divided into two groups as the control group including 27 cases (65.8%) with normal BMI (defined as < 85th percentile for age and gender), and the overweight group including 14 cases (34.2%) (defined as BMI > 85th percentile for age and gender). Serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AlkPh) were measured. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences regarding AST (27 ± 2.7 vs. 29.6 ± 5.85 U/L; P = 0.3), ALT (20.1 ± 2.45 vs. 22.2 ± 5.85 U/L; P = 0.5), and AlkPh (583.4 ± 2.45 vs. 472.8 ± 161.5 U/L; P = 0.28) between overweight TS patients and those with normal BMI. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in liver enzyme levels between TS patients with normal BMI and those who were overweight.