RESUMEN

In recent years, in sanitary science the interest in issues of young people has dramatically increased, that has been actualized by the necessity of a new objective assessment of the role of the youth in modern sanitary-ecological, sociocultural and economic processes. In this regard, a special interest is aroused by young students, the health of whom is determined largely by the condition of the habitat. So far complex assessment ofriskfactors in urbanized areas, prioritization of impacts, the establishment ofpriority impacts, the detection of informative territorial environmentally dependent indices ofpopulation health are presented to be important tasks in the solution of the regional challenges. The aim of this work was the assessment of the state of health of students of the Bratsk State University, residing in conditions of ecological trouble. In the territory of the city of Bratsk the environmental situation is characterized by long term multi-component air pollution with highly toxic vehicular and industrial emissions. In the work throughout the 4 years following-up there was executed an assessment of the physical development of students, there was determined structure and revealed the an increased level of morbidity rate of students of Bratsk state University in terms of educational space, which is characteristic for territories of ecological trouble in the city of Bratsk. Parameters of physical development of students in dynamics of training were established to be not liable to variation. It confirms the stability of the morphological signs as compared to functional ones. In the analysis of dynamics of indices of the harmonicity ofphysical development there was revealed a gain in the proportion of harmoniously developed students by the end of training. Physiometric indices of students to the fourth course of training were characterized by the increase offunctional capabilities of the respiratory system.The indices of the cardiovascular system performance had a tendency to the growth of the hypertensive response in boys and the increase in the number of people with normotensive response to physical stress by the end of training. To the IV course of training there was observed the increase in the number of young boys with stringency of mechanisms of adaptation to stress, whereas in young girls satisfactory adaptation was seen.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The article covers the study into the structure of extragenital pathology in pregnantwomen based on the data obtained at the antenatal clinic of the perinatal center of the State Organization of the Ministry of Health of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) National Center of Medicine - Republican Hospital No. 1 in 2013. The presence of extragenital pathology in pregnant women is a major factor in the high risk of maternal mortality. The majority of women (90%) have two or more extragenital pathologies simultaneously. In the structure of extragenital pathology in pregnant women the first most prevalent diseases are urinary system diseases, 2nd most prevalent--diseases of the cardiovascular system, 3rd most prevalent--diseases of the hematopoietic system. Diseases of the circulatory system are the leading indications for termination of pregnancy. It is necessary to increase the efficiency of cooperation between gynecologists, internists and specialists to identify women at high risk of perinatal pathology, to form prognosis in terms of carrying of pregnancy and timely decision on its prolongation and perinatal care.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

NMR-spin echo method has been used to study spin-lattice relaxation time of protons T1 in plant and animal cells - muscle tissue of fish, the cells of which unlike plant cells have no developed system of vacuoles, plastids and a solid cell wall. According to the values of T1 time a new NMR parameter K, a coefficient of relaxation effectiveness of a cell structure, has been calculated. This parameter can be used for quantitative characterization of the influence of different cell structures, the tissue water interact with, for a time of spin-lattice relaxation of water protons. It has been ascertained that the values of K coefficient in animal tissue and in storing tissues of some plants differ little; it may be stipulated by permanent transmembrane water exchange which occurs at high rate in the living cell. It has been concluded that there exists a certain similarity between water state in protoplast of plant and animal cells.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The authors studied connection between exposure to fluorine compounds and fluorides excretion. Average fluorine content of urine and hair samples of children exceeds the reference values. Ambient air and soil pollution with fluorine was proved to be an important health risk factor for urban children in Irkutsk region.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The paper deals with the information provision and use of mathematical statistical and mathematical economic methods in the substantiation of measures provided by the socioeconomic development programs. The development of a package of human health maintenance measures may involve 2 stages: (1) analysis of long-term data on the man-caused pollution of environmental objects, socioeconomic conditions, and the medicodemographic situation; (2) medium-range forecast of indicators. Testing the proposed approaches applied in Irkutsk has ascertained that the investment area development causes a steady-state decrease in morbidity rates in all population groups and a reduction in disorders-caused economic damages.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Amino acid levels in plants are regulated by a complex interplay of regulatory circuits at the level of enzyme activities and gene expression. Despite the diversity of precursors involved in amino acid biosynthesis as providing the carbon backbones, the amino groups and, for the amino acids methionine and cysteine, the sulfhydryl group and despite the involvement of amino acids as substrates in various downstream metabolic processes, the plant usually manages to provide relatively constant levels of all amino acids. Here we collate data on how amino acid homeostasis is shifted upon depletion of one of the major biosynthetic constituents, i.e., sulfur. Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings exposed to sulfate starvation respond with a set of adaptation processes to achieve a new balance of amino acid metabolism. First, metabolites containing reduced sulfur (cysteine, glutathione, S-adenosylmethionine) are reduced leading to a number of downstream effects. Second, the relative excess accumulation of N over S triggers processes to dump nitrogen in asparagine, glutamine and further N-rich compounds like ureides. Third, the depletion of glutathione affects the redox and stress response system of the glutathione-ascorbate cycle. Thus, biosynthesis of aromatic compounds is triggered to compensate for this loss, leading to an increased flux and accumulation of aromatic amino acids, especially tryptophan. Despite sulfate starvation, the homeostasis is kept, though shifted to a new state. This adaptation process keeps the plant viable even under an adverse nutritional status.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Methionine and cysteine, two amino acids containing reduced sulfur, are not only an important substrate of protein biosynthesis but are also precursors of various other metabolites such as glutathione, phytochelatines, S-adenosylmethionine, ethylene, polyamines, biotin, and are involved as methyl group donor in numerous cellular processes. While methionine is an essential amino acid due to an inability of monogastric animals and human beings to synthesise this metabolite, animals are still able to convert methionine consumed with their diet into cysteine. Thus, a balanced diet containing both amino acids is necessary to provide a nutritionally favourable food or feed source. Because the concentrations of methionine and cysteine are often low in edible plant sources, e.g. potato, considerable efforts in plant breeding and research have been and are still performed to understand the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms that contribute to their synthesis, transport, and accumulation in plants. During the last decade molecular tools have enabled the isolation of most of the genes involved in cysteine and methionine biosynthesis, and the efficient plant transformation technology has allowed the creation of transgenic plants that are altered in the activity of individual genes. The physiological analysis of these transgenic plants has contributed considerably to our current understanding of how amino acids are synthesised. We focused our analysis on potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Désirée) as this plant provides a clear separation of source and sink tissues and, for applied purposes, already constitutes a crop plant. From the data presented here and in previous work we conclude that threonine synthase and not cystathionine gamma-synthase as expected from studies of Arabidopsis constitutes the main regulatory control point of methionine synthesis in potato. This article aims to cover the current knowledge in the area of molecular genetics of sulfur-containing amino acid biosynthesis and will provide new data for methionine biosynthesis in solanaceous plants such as potato.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Measurements of the coefficient of water molecules self-diffusion (D) and the time of spin-lattice relaxation (T1) in prosenchyme (elongated) plant cells, whose length significantly exceeding their transverse size, show that the orientation of plant tissues in the H0 field significantly affects the measured parameters. We conclude that this effect should be taken into account in experiments on the measurement of self-diffusion coefficients and time of proton spin-lattice relaxation in plant tissues containing prosenchyme cells.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Experiments on animals have revealed that beryllium in toxic dose induces lesions of chromosomes in the bone marrow cells mostly because of chromosome aberrations. No mutagenic effect of beryllium on sex cells has been revealed.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Studies of the effects of Mn2+ and Fe3+ paramagnetic ions on spin-lattice relaxation of water protons in plant cells have shown that paramagnetic admixtures which are in the cells under normal conditions (in natural quantities) produce no significant effect on the rate of spin-lattice relation of water protons. On the basis of the investigations of proton, spin-lattice relaxation at increased content of Mn2+ paramagnetic ions in plant cells possible separation of relaxation times T1l and T1s which are corresponded by different water fractions in the cells is shown as well as possible stimation of water quantity in the fractions.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)