RESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIM: The mechanisms underlying the contribution of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 to liver tissue injury and to crucial biological processes, such as fibrogenesis, remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the immunohistochemical expression of syndecan-1 in chronic liver diseases (CLDs) and its probable role in hepatic fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of biopsy material obtained from 128 patients diagnosed with CLDs. The correlation between syndecan-1 expression and the stage of fibrosis was investigated. RESULTS: According to the severity of fibrosis, cases were categorized into three groups: early fibrosis; intermediate fibrosis; advanced fibrosis. Syndecan-1 expression was significantly enhanced in advanced fibrosis compared to early (p<0.012) and intermediate (p<0.003) fibrosis. CONCLUSION: In CLDs, syndecan-1 immunohisto-chemical overexpression was found to be positively correlated with the severity of fibrosis, suggesting its probable role in hepatic fibrogenesis.
Asunto(s)
Glicoproteínas de Membrana , Sindecano-1 , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Cirrosis Hepática/genética , Sindecano-1/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIM: Since most cancers are associated with alterations of the p53 and Rb pathways, the expression of p53, p21, Rb, p16, p27, cyclin D1, cyclin A, cyclin B1 and Ki67 proteins were analyzed in bladder urothelial carcinomas (BUC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-two cases of BUC were studied by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The pathways p53/p21 and Rb/p16/cyclin D1 exhibited alterations in 81/115 and 63/84 cases, respectively. Alterations of the p53/p21 and Rb/p16/cyclin D1 pathways were positively correlated with high cyclin A expression. High expression of p53, Ki67, cyclin A and cyclin B1 was inversely correlated with the papillary morphology of the tumor and positively with tumor grade and T-stage. CONCLUSION: The results showed that a) alterations of the p53 and Rb pathways are associated with high proliferation of tumor cells in BUC and b) high expression of cell-cycle proteins is associated with adverse histopathological parameters of these tumors.
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Proliferación Celular/genética , Proteína de Retinoblastoma/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/patología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The surgical management of complex or morbid obesity is increasing exponentially. Laparoscopic procedures are being increasingly utilized due to their similar efficacy but shorter hospital stay and faster convalescence when compared with open surgery. Despite this, many patients remain in hospital for a number of days after laparoscopic obesity surgery due to concerns about potential sequelae. We present the results of our simplified fast-track service, designed to enable discharge of all patients on postoperative day one following laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). METHODS: All patients operated on by a single surgeon during a 3-year period underwent fast-track management and were included. Our simplified fast-track service has three components; it is applicable to all patients, patients are counselled regarding fast-track discharge and the only routine postoperative investigations are full blood count and serum C-reactive protein (CRP). CRP was investigated as a prognosticator for complications following LRYGB. RESULTS: One hundred twelve patients underwent a LRYGB during the study period (35 male, median age 44 [18-73], median BMI 49.4 [36.5-75.0]). Ninety-eight patients (87.5 %) were discharged the day after LRYGB. Five patients developed postoperative complications (three major, two minor). One patient required readmission following discharge on postoperative day 1. A CRP greater than 100 mg/L on postoperative day 1 was found to predict major complications with 100 % sensitivity and 95 % specificity with a diagnostic accuracy of 0.98. CONCLUSION: Our simplified fast-track LRYGB service allows the vast majority of patients to be safely and successfully discharged on postoperative day 1.
Asunto(s)
Derivación Gástrica , Obesidad Mórbida/cirugía , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Manejo de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Laparoscopía , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad Mórbida/sangre , Cuidados Posoperatorios , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/sangre , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Although endovascular surgery is now widely used to treat intracranial aneurysms, no comparative studies of clipping versus endovascular surgery to address distal ACA aneurysms at the same institution are available. We compared the results of these treatment modalities to address distal ACA aneurysms at our institution. We treated 68 patients with ruptured distal ACA aneurysms (endovascular surgery, n=13; clipping surgery, n=55). We performed a retrospective comparison of the treatment outcomes. To study the efficacy of endovascular surgery we classified all our cases into three types: type A were small-necked aneurysms, type B were wide-necked aneurysms on the parent artery, and type C were aneurysms in which the A3 portion of the ACA arose from the aneurysmal dome near the neck. Intraoperative hemorrhage occurred in 7.7% of aneurysms treated by endovascular surgery and in 34.5% treated by clipping surgery. In 7.7% of the endovascularly-treated aneurysms we noted coil migration during embolization surgery; venous infarction due to cortical vein injury occurred in 7.3% of clipped aneurysms. Of the endovascularly-treated aneurysms, 7.7% manifested post-embolization hemorrhage; 23.1% manifested coil compaction. In clipping surgery, postoperative rerupture occurred in 1.8% of the aneurysms; one patient presented with postoperative acute epidural hematoma. Clip dislocation was noted in 1.8% of aneurysms. Angiography was indicative of post-treatment vasospasm in 7.7% of aneurysms treated endovascularly and in 50.9% of the clipped aneurysms. The clinical outcome showed no significant difference between endovascular surgery and clipping surgery.
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Aneurisma Roto/cirugía , Aneurisma Roto/terapia , Embolización Terapéutica , Aneurisma Intracraneal/cirugía , Aneurisma Intracraneal/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Aneurisma Roto/diagnóstico por imagen , Angiografía Cerebral , Femenino , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Estudios Retrospectivos , Instrumentos Quirúrgicos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Τhe expression of cell cycle (P53, Ki-67, P21, and P27) and apoptotic proteins (BCL-2 and BAX) was investigated by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed tissues of normal and pathologic liver. An increased frequency of expression of P21 in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (p=0.003 and p=0.001 respectively) was found; P27 protein expression was more frequent in hepatitis (p=0.001) and HCC (p=0.003) when compared with normal tissue. BCL-2 protein was markedly more frequent in steatohepatitis (p<0.05) as compared to normal liver, in hepatitis cases (p=0.002) and in metastases (p<0.033). The expression of BAX was more frequent in hepatitis (p=0.001) and cirrhosis (p<0.001). We demonstrated in our study the expression of these proteins at different levels in liver pathologies. These findings have implications for understanding the evolution from liver inflammation to cirrhosis and associated carcinogenesis.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Hígado Graso/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Hígado/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/metabolismo , Hígado Graso/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Hígado/metabolismo , Cirrosis Hepática/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteína X Asociada a bcl-2/metabolismoRESUMEN
Non-traumatic subgaleal hematoma is very rare. We present a case of refractory non-traumatic subgaleal hematoma occurring in a 15-year-old male patient. The patient was successfully treated by embolization of the superficial temporal artery. This therapeutic approach to refractory non-traumatic subgaleal hematoma is discussed.
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Embolización Terapéutica , Hematoma Epidural Craneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Hematoma Epidural Craneal/terapia , Arterias Temporales/diagnóstico por imagen , Adolescente , Angiografía Cerebral , Humanos , Masculino , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Legrado por AspiraciónRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To determine the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearances of osteonecrosis of the tibial plateau and perform quantitative analysis of the extent of the necrotic area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight patients (34 knees) with osteonecrosis were retrospectively evaluated using MR imaging and other modalities where available. A computerized image analysis program that allowed quantification of the lesion size was used to obtain measurements of the extent of involvement, which were then incorporated into each stage of the disease. RESULTS: The MR imaging findings of osteonecrosis of the tibial plateau included subchondral regions of abnormal signal intensity (n = 28), a double-line sign (n = 11), and fractures (n = 9). Meniscal tears and cartilage abnormalities were disclosed in the affected knee compartment with an equal frequency (n = 17). The size of the necrotic lesion varied among different stages of the disease as follows: 6.8% to 15.7% (stage I); 6.5% to 59.3% (stage II); 23.5% to 61.3% (stage III); and 34.3% to 75% (stage IV). The extent of involvement was greater in stage II than that in stage I (P < 0.001) and in stage IV than that in stage III (P < 0.05), whereas the extent of involvement in stage III was not significantly greater than that in stage II (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The MR imaging characteristics of osteonecrosis of the tibial plateau are variable. The association of osteonecrosis at this site with meniscal tears and cartilage abnormalities has important implications for pathogenesis of the disease as it relates to physical stress. Quantification of the lesion size provides precise information for optimal staging of the disease.
Asunto(s)
Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Meniscos Tibiales/patología , Osteonecrosis/patología , Tibia/patología , Lesiones de Menisco Tibial , Adulto , Anciano , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Traumatismos de la Rodilla/patología , Articulación de la Rodilla/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Variaciones Dependientes del Observador , Estudios Retrospectivos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Foaming using supercritical CO(2) is a well-known process for the production of polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering. However, this method typically leads to scaffolds with low pore interconnectivity, resulting in insufficient mass transport and a heterogeneous distribution of cells. In this study, microparticulate silica was added to the polymer during processing and the effects of this particulate seeding on the interconnectivity of the pore structure and pore size distribution were investigated. Scaffolds comprising polylactide and a range of silica contents (0-50 wt.%) were produced by foaming with supercritical CO(2). Scaffold structure, pore size distributions and interconnectivity were assessed using X-ray computed microtomography. Interconnectivity was also determined through physical measurements. It was found that incorporation of increasing quantities of silica particles increased the interconnectivity of the scaffold pore structure. The pore size distribution was also reduced through the addition of silica, while total porosity was found to be largely independent of silica content. Physical measurements and those derived from X-ray computed microtomography were comparable. The conclusion drawn was that the architecture of foamed polymeric scaffolds can be advantageously manipulated through the incorporation of silica microparticles. The findings of this study further establish supercritical fluid foaming as an important tool in scaffold production and show how a previous limitation can be overcome.
Asunto(s)
Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Dióxido de Carbono/química , Ácido Láctico/química , Polímeros/química , Ingeniería de Tejidos/métodos , Absorción , Materiales Biomiméticos/química , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula/métodos , Cromatografía con Fluido Supercrítico/métodos , Cristalización/métodos , Matriz Extracelular/química , Gases/química , Ensayo de Materiales , Tamaño de la Partícula , Poliésteres , Porosidad , Propiedades de SuperficieRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The transvenous approach via the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) is an available approach for carotid cavernous fistula (CCF), especially in the event that there is no other suitable approach route to the fistula. Surgical exposure of the peripheral roots of the SOV is commonly used; however, often, the SOV is often not accessible because of anatomical problems and/or complications. In this paper, we present and discuss our original direct-puncture approach to the extraconal portion of the SOV. METHODS: An attempt on three patients with traumatic CCF failed with the transarterial approach and the conventional venous approach via the inferior petrosal sinus; therefore, the patients were treated with the direct-puncture approach to the extraconal portion of the SOV using two-dimensional digital subtraction angiography with local anesthesia. RESULTS: All cases that had tortuous and partially stenotic division of the SOV were treated successfully with this approach and without complications. CONCLUSION: This approach will become an alternate approach, especially when the peripheral roots of the SOV are focally narrowed and tortuous, making it impossible to insert a catheter.
Asunto(s)
Fístula del Seno Cavernoso de la Carótida/cirugía , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/métodos , Venas/cirugía , Adulto , Angiografía de Substracción Digital/métodos , Encéfalo/irrigación sanguínea , Encéfalo/patología , Encéfalo/cirugía , Arterias Carótidas/patología , Arterias Carótidas/cirugía , Fístula del Seno Cavernoso de la Carótida/patología , Angiografía Cerebral , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Angiografía por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Resultado del Tratamiento , Venas/patologíaRESUMEN
Dysadherin is a novel glycoprotein, with an anti-cell-cell adhesion function. The aim of the present study was to examine the expression of dysadherin in thyroid papillary microcarcinoma (PMC), to associate it with the expression of E-cadherin and to investigate whether there are differences with papillary carcinoma (PC). A statistically significant difference in dysadherin and E-cadherin expression between PC and PMC and a negative correlation between E-cadherin and dysadherin expression regardless of tumor size were noted. Based on these findings it is hypothesized that retained cell-cell adhesion, through maintenance of the E-cadherin adhesion system, in PMC prevents neoplastic cells from dissociating easily from each other and metastasizing. Increased dysadherin expression is possibly one of the post-transcriptional mechanisms responsible for E-cadherin downregulation in thyroid papillary neoplasia.
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Cadherinas/metabolismo , Carcinoma Papilar Folicular/metabolismo , Carcinoma Papilar Folicular/patología , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/biosíntesis , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biosíntesis , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Canales Iónicos , Proteínas de MicrofilamentosRESUMEN
The treatment of dissecting aneurysms of the vertebral artery (VA) involving the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) or presenting with hypoplasia of the contralateral VA is controversial. We describe our experience with 4 ruptured and 2 unruptured VA dissecting aneurysms and discuss the efficacy of endovascular surgery using stents. All patients were male; their mean age was 50.7 years. According to World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grading, 3 of the ruptured aneurysms were grade V, the other was grade I. All patients were successfully treated using stents; in 5 we also coil-embolized the aneurysmal lumen. One aneurysm was treated by the placement of 2 stents covering the dissection site; there was a danger of aneurysmal rupture during coil embolization. No technical complications were encountered although one patient suffered minor rebleeding 5 days post-treatment. Delayed vasospasm occurred in 4 cases. According to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), at 3 months after treatment 2 patients had made a good recovery, one was moderately disabled, one suffered severe disability, and 2 had died. One death each was due to acute myocardial and brain stem infarction. Endovascular surgery using stents may be a useful treatment in patients in poor condition who manifest dissecting VA aneurysms involving the PICA or hypoplasia of the contralateral VA, especially in the acute period after rupture.
Asunto(s)
Embolización Terapéutica/instrumentación , Aneurisma Intracraneal/cirugía , Stents , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/instrumentación , Disección de la Arteria Vertebral/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Tronco Encefálico/irrigación sanguínea , Tronco Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagen , Tronco Encefálico/patología , Infartos del Tronco Encefálico/epidemiología , Angiografía Cerebral , Embolización Terapéutica/efectos adversos , Embolización Terapéutica/métodos , Resultado Fatal , Escala de Consecuencias de Glasgow , Cefalea/etiología , Cefalea/patología , Cefalea/fisiopatología , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma Intracraneal/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Prótesis e Implantes/efectos adversos , Prótesis e Implantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Stents/efectos adversos , Stents/estadística & datos numéricos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del Tratamiento , Inconsciencia/etiología , Inconsciencia/patología , Inconsciencia/fisiopatología , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/métodos , Vasoespasmo Intracraneal/epidemiología , Arteria Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteria Vertebral/patología , Arteria Vertebral/cirugía , Disección de la Arteria Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Disección de la Arteria Vertebral/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Lymphangiogenesis, an essential process in the metastasis of malignant tumors, has not been thoroughly studied. The possibility of using it to define subsets of patients with different prognosis in cancer could be of vital clinical importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients (5 women, 45 men; mean age, 64.47 years) with SCLC were retrospectively studied. Tumor specimens were stained for CD105, and intratumoral lymphatic microvessel density (ILMVD) and lymphatic invasion were determined. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were diagnosed with limited and 25 with extensive SCLC. All patients received chemotherapy and 32.7% radiation therapy. A direct association between ILMVD (CD105 expression) and lymphatic invasion was observed (p<0.046). CD105 expression was significantly associated with the stage of the disease (p=0.004) and the presence of metastasis (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: CD105 expression and lymphatic invasion correlated significantly with the clinical parameters and patient outcome, therefore, constituting an important prognostic role in SCLC.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos CD/biosíntesis , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Receptores de Superficie Celular/biosíntesis , Anciano , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/irrigación sanguínea , Endoglina , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias Pulmonares/irrigación sanguínea , Linfangiogénesis , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The early indicator for the subject predisposed to gastric cancer is abnormal proliferation of gastric epithelial cells, such as atrophic gastritis (AG), intestinal metaplasia (IM), and dysplasia, which have been considered as precancerous lesions of gastric cancer. To determine whether p53 protein, cyclins D1, and D3, and p27(kip1) play a role in the carcinogenesis pathway of gastric cancer, we performed an immunohistochemical study of their expression in gastric precancerous lesions. METHODS: A total of 1 45 endoscopic gastric biopsy specimens of AG, IM, and gastric dysplasia were studied. These molecular markers were localized by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: P53 was expressed in 15% of cases with gastric dysplasia and not in the pre-dysplastic stages of the gastric mucosa. All cases were concerning high-grade dysplasia. Cyclin D1 protein was almost undetectable in the precancerous lesions of gastric cancer. Cyclin D3 protein overexpression was seen in 10% of biopsies with IM, and 50% of biopsies with gastric dysplasia. High expression of p27(kip1) protein was demonstrated in all cases of chronic gastritis. As atrophy, IM, and dysplasia develop, expression of p27(kip1) protein is suppressed. In total, 15% of dysplastic cases showed no expression of p27(kip1) protein. CONCLUSIONS: (i) P53 mutation must be a late event during the development of gastric cancer. (ii) Cyclin D1 protein overexpression may not play a role in the progression from normal to neoplastic gastric mucosa, while overexpression of cyclin D3 is an earlier event during gastric carcinogenesis, and its role must be further evaluated. (iii) Reduced expression of p27(kip1) is a rather early event in gastric tumorigenesis, before dysplastic changes occur.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/biosíntesis , Ciclina D1/biosíntesis , Inhibidor p27 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/biosíntesis , Ciclinas/biosíntesis , Lesiones Precancerosas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/biosíntesis , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Ciclina D3 , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
SUMMARY: Angiosarcoma is a rare, highly malignant tumor with a poor clinical outcome. From January 2004 to September 2005, we advocated transarterial chemotherapy using a port system for four patients with angiosarcomas of the face and scalp. A heparin coated ANTHRON P-Ucatheter was introduced into the feeding artery. The proximal part of the P-U catheter was connected to the port system and buried in subcutaneous tissue. The amount of chemotherapeutic drug applied using the port system was almost the same as the conventional intravenous dose. Paclitaxel was the standard agent, at 50-100 mg/diluted in 15-30 ml of physiological saline fluid slowly injected over 0.5-1 hour. For immunotherapy where appropriate, r-IL2 was mainly used at a dose of 70.000U/ diluted in 5 ml of physiological saline fluid injected into the port system over 30 seconds. This was continued for two to three weeks (five days/week) until recognition of a disappearance of the tumor. Macroscopic size reduction of the tumor was achieved in three out of the four cases. One case could not be evaluated because of eruptions induced by immunotherapy. Unfortunately two patients died after placement of port system, but the other two are still alive and are enjoying useful lives. Transarterial infusion chemotherapy using such a port system may be particularly effective for angiosarcoma in the early stages because small lesions with limited invasion mean a small territory of blood supply to be covered, and useful life was possible because the port system embedded in subcutaneous tissue allows treatment in an out-patient clinic.
RESUMEN
SUMMARY: As endovascular surgery (EVS) of symptomatic unruptured aneurysms can result in symptom exacerbation due to intra-aneurysmal thrombosis or lump formation by coils, this treatment remains controversial. We present five women ranging in age from 58 to 76 years (mean 65.6 years) who suffered post-EVS symptom exacerbation attributable to local inflammation. The aneurysms measured from 8 to 25 mm (mean 19 mm) and were located at the cavernous portion in four patients and at the origin of the ophthalmic artery in one. All underwent endosaccular embolization under local anesthesia. Immediately after embolization, 24 h anticoagulation therapy was started via the continuous injection of heparin; they also received antiplatelet therapy. At one to three days post-EVS, all five patients manifested worsening of their cranial nerve symptoms. In three other patients the symptoms were improved after EVS. We posit that inflammation induced by coil embolization may worsen cranial nerve symptoms transiently. Our findings suggest that post-EVS followup is necessary and that patients exhibiting aninflammatory reaction be treated with anti-inflammatory drugs.
RESUMEN
A rare case of metastatic verrucous carcinoma (VC) of the oral cavity is presented. The patient was referred to the Ophthalmology Department due to diplopia. The patient reported history of diagnosis of verrucous squamous carcinoma in the oral cavity occuring 6 years earlier that although excised presented several recurrences. The lesion metastasized to local lymph nodes and after being characterized as inoperable the patient underwent thirty-seven sessions of radiation therapy. Two months after completion of radiation therapy, the patient underwent an orbital CT scan that revealed a mass with morphological features consistent with secondary involvement of the orbit from the known VC. Although treated with chemotherapy, the patient died 5 months later. No other case of this entity, which usually presents as a slow-growing lesion enlarging with direct extension rather than frank invasion, metastasizing to the orbit has been reported in relevant literature.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Verrugoso/patología , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Anciano , Biopsia , Humanos , Masculino , Metástasis de la Neoplasia/patologíaRESUMEN
Apoptosis has been suggested to have an important role in the pathogenesis of restenosis in addition to cell migration and proliferation. The aim of the present study was to investigate in an experimental in vivo model the occurrence of apoptosis postangioplasty and its relation to bcl-2 and peroxynitrite detection. Eighteen hypercholesterolemic rabbits underwent transluminal angioplasty of the right iliac artery. The rabbits were sacrificed on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 7th, 15th, and 28th day postangioplasty (3 animals per time point) and both the angioplasted and non-injured arteries were studied. Apoptosis was assessed by the terminal uridine nick-end labeling method (TUNEL). Bcl-2 and peroxynitrite were detected by immunochemistry using anti-bcl-2 and anti-nitrotyrosine antibodies. In the angioplasted arteries the number of apoptotic cells was Asunto(s)
Angioplastia de Balón/efectos adversos
, Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/metabolismo
, Apoptosis
, Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo
, Músculo Liso Vascular/lesiones
, Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo
, Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas/metabolismo
, Tirosina/análogos & derivados
, Animales
, Proteína 11 Similar a Bcl2
, Movimiento Celular
, Proliferación Celular
, Arteria Ilíaca
, Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas
, Etiquetado Corte-Fin in Situ
, Masculino
, Músculo Liso Vascular/fisiopatología
, Conejos
, Recurrencia
, Estadísticas no Paramétricas
, Tirosina/metabolismo
RESUMEN
We present the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian woman with early gastric adenocarcinoma, suffering from extensive metastases at the time of initial presentation. Microscopic examination of the gastrectomy specimen revealed an invasive adenocarcinoma with oncocytic features. Interestingly, despite the fact that the carcinoma was pT1, it also was found to be N2, stage IV. The biologic behavior of oncocytic adenocarcinoma of the stomach is still unclear. We would like to present this case, so that its clinicopathological characteristics can be added to the few cases already published.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Common melanocytic nevi are ubiquitous lesions which in some cases constitute a risk factor for the development of melanoma. To date, despite long term research there are no known molecular hallmarks for nevus development. We have observed that common acquired nevi excised from the same individual share remarkable similarity in their microscopic appearance and in the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that all melanocytes are genetically similar in the same individual and changes predisposing to neoplasia are a global melanocytic event characteristic for each person and propose a microgenomics/proteomics approach to test this hypothesis.
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Melanocitos/metabolismo , Melanoma/etiología , Neoplasias/patología , Nevo Pigmentado/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/etiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Cadherinas/biosíntesis , Síndrome del Nevo Displásico/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica/métodos , Masculino , Melanoma/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lesiones Precancerosas/patología , Factores de Riesgo , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patologíaRESUMEN
SUMMARY: With the existence of vasospasm, it is recommended that direct clipping surgery for a ruptured aneurysm be delayed until its disappearance, but this may be associated with aneurysmal re-rupture resulting in a poor outcome for the patients. Indications for endovascular coil embolization in such cases are discussed. Since November in 2003, we have applied endovascular coil embolization in 11 consecutive patients with ruptured aneurysms and apparent vasospasm of the parent artery from two to 17 days (average: eight days) after initial subarachnoid hemorrhage. Three patients had aneurysmal re-rupture before treatment, but the other eight had only experienced the one episode of subarachnoid hemorrhage. With one exception, all endovascular procedures could be successfully performed, resulting in complete occlusion of aneurysms and remarkable dilatation of inserted spastic vessels without technical complications or aneurysmal re-rupture. For the one case of failure because of a tortuous artery, direct clipping surgery was performed after disappearance of vasospasm. Cerebral infarction occurred in four, but only one correlated with the distribution of catheterization, and neurological deficits had completely disappeared three months after the onset. This preliminary report concerning a small number of patients suggests that endovascular coil embolization is not contra-indicated for aneurysms with vasospasm requiring catheterization. A large study for confirmation is now warranted.