RESUMEN
Ficus deltoidea is traditionally consumed by Malay woman to augment labour and hastening parturition. This study was to investigate the phytochemical present and uterotonic activity of F. deltoidea var. Deltoidea (FDD) and F. deltoidea var. Angustifolia (FDA) leaves aqueous extract. FDD and FDA were qualitatively analysed. In uterine contraction activity, adult female Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with 0.2 mg kg(-1) diethylstilbestrol 24 h to induce oestrus phase. The rats then killed and uterine horns were taken out, cut into two centimetres length and put into organ bath that connected to Powerlab instrument. The uterus separately tested with cumulative concentrations of FDD (10-1280 µg mL(-1)), FDA (10-1280 µg mL(-1)), oxytocin (0.02-0.64 µg mL(-1)) and combination of oxytocin (0.08 µg mL(-1)) with FDD and FDA (10-1280 µg mL(-1)). FDD showed presence of flavonoid, saponin and tannin meanwhile FDA consist of flavonoid, tannin and terpenoid. Result showed FDD, FDA and oxytocin induced a dose-related increase in force of contraction of isolated rat uterus. The maximum uterine contraction (Emax) produced by FDD, FDA and oxytocin were at the concentration 640 µg mL(-1) (EC50, 5.903 ± 0.529 µg mL), 20 µg mL(-1) (EC50, 290.5 ± 0.158 µg mL(-1)) and 0.4 µg mL(-1) (EC50, 0.060 ± 0.011 µg mL(-1)) respectively. Combination effects of oxytocin with FDD and FDA produced Emax at the concentration 80 µg mL(-1) (EC50, 270.3 ± 0.643 µg mL(-1)) and 1280 µg mL(-1) (EC50, 26.83 ± 0.727 µg mL(-1)), respectively. Study indicated F. deltoidea possess contractile effect on uterine contraction. This plant has great potential to develop as natural uterotonic agent in inducing labour and treatment for post-partum haemorrhage.
Asunto(s)
Ficus/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hojas de la Planta/química , Útero/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to define mental health status of palm plantation farmers in Muar, Johor, Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 47 male farmers volunteered to join this study from three rural districts in southern Malaysia. Anthropometric measurements, demographic data including smoking habits and the short form of the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scales (DASS-21) to assess mental health status were obtained in an interview. RESULTS: Mean and SD age of participants was 30.17 ± 4.86 years. Mean BMI of subjects was 22.86 ± 3.88 kg/m2. Most subjects (76.6%) were smokers. The prevalence of mild to moderate anxiety was 27.7% and Mild to moderate depression was 8.5%. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed high prevalence of anxiety and smoking in palm plantation workers and that smoking habits can be related to their higher anxiety level.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Trabajadores Agrícolas/epidemiología , Trastornos de Ansiedad/epidemiología , Trastorno Depresivo/epidemiología , Agricultura Forestal , Adulto , Enfermedades de los Trabajadores Agrícolas/psicología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Humanos , Malasia/epidemiología , Masculino , Aceite de Palma , Aceites de Plantas , Pruebas Psicológicas , Riesgo , Fumar/epidemiología , Fumar/psicología , Aislamiento Social , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Tolerancia al Trabajo Programado , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The superovulatory response to gonadotrophin treatment during different months of the year was investigated in Kambing kacang goats, a tropical breed, in Malaysia. Sixty-three cycling does, fitted with progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponges for 17 days, received two days before sponge withdrawal, an intramuscular injection of either 10, 15 or 20 mg of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or 500, 1000 or 1500 iu of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG). The dose of FSH was divided into four decreasing daily doses and each daily dose was subdivided into two and administered at 07.00 and 19.00. Fifty-four does detected in oestrus were mated with fertile bucks. The ovarian response was determined by laparoscopy and eggs were recovered surgically five or six days after oestrus. The ovulatory response (mean +/- standard deviation) based on corpora lutea was higher in the FSH (13.4 +/- 8.4 corpora lutea per doe, n = 20) than the eCG-treated groups (6.4 +/- 5.1 corpora lutea per doe, n = 25) but the difference was not significant (P greater than 0.05). Does responded to gonadotrophins throughout the year with more than 50 per cent of does responding during the rainy months compared with less than 35 per cent responding during the dry months. This difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.05). Egg recovery was better in the FSH (6.8 +/- 5.3 per doe, n = 20) than the eCG groups (3.0 +/- 3.8 per doe, n = 21) but the difference was not significant (P greater than 0.05).