RESUMEN
Paraffin-embedded infiltrating ductal breast cancer tissue slides (135) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry with the use of rabbit polyclonal anti-P65 oncofetal protein and mouse monoclonal anti-estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER, PR) antibodies. Analysis with anti-P65 antibody revealed the positive cytoplasmic reaction in 83 cases, 98 showed the nucleic reaction and 3 were immunologically negative. Among the analyzed cases 49 revealed both cytoplasmic and nucleic reactions. For the whole group of cancers the correlation was found between ER or PR level and P65 cytoplasmic reaction (r = 0.77 and 0.66, respectively) and low inverse correlation with nucleic localization of P65 protein. The percentage of positive cells with cytoplasmic expression of P65 was significantly higher in more histologically differentiated cancers (grade I and II according to Bloom and Richardson) than in grade III. Opposite tendency was observed for the nucleic expression of P65 protein. The percentage of immunopositive nuclei grew with the advance of the disease and was the highest in poorly-differentiated (grade III) tumors. The tumors with P65 cytoplasmic reaction were mainly small (T1, T2), without metastases to lymph nodes (N0) and distant metastases (M0). The dependence between P65 protein localization and clinical stage of disease (TNM classification) was evaluated statistically. The straight dependence existed between P65 nucleic reaction and tumor size (p = 0.0002), metastases to lymph nodes (p = 0.0032) and distant metastases (p = 0.0006). The obtained results suggest that the transfer of P65 protein from cytoplasm to nuclei of the breast cancer cells is connected with more clinically advanced stages and worse prognosis for the patients.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/inmunología , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/inmunología , Proteínas Portadoras/biosíntesis , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biosíntesis , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anticuerpos/química , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular , Metástasis Linfática , Persona de Mediana Edad , Receptores de Estrógenos/química , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/químicaRESUMEN
C-ERBB2 and P65 gene expression was investigated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method (RT-PCR) in thirty follicular thyroid cancers and twenty follicular adenomas. Additionally, the cancers and adenomas were stained by immunohistochemistry for the expression of their protein products. We did not observe P65 gene expression in any of the analyzed follicular cancers (n=30) but it was observed in 13 out of 20 (65%) follicular adenomas. The presence of C-ERBB2 gene expression was found in 18 (90%) follicular adenomas but not in cancers. There were 10 (50%) adenomas and 11 (36.7%) cancers with positive staining for C-ERBB2 protein and 15 (75%) adenomas and 2 (6.7%) cancers with positive staining for P65 protein. We conclude that expression of C-ERBB2 and P65 genes is associated with follicular adenoma but not with cancer of thyroid gland.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma Folicular/metabolismo , Adenoma/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Receptor ErbB-2/genética , Glándula Tiroides/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/patología , Adenoma/patología , Adulto , Anticuerpos , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Calcitonina/metabolismo , Proteínas Portadoras/metabolismo , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/genética , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Tiroglobulina/metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides/patología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patologíaRESUMEN
The biodistribution of iodine-labelled alpha-fetoprotein ( I-AFP) in experimental mammary tumours was studied. C3H mice with subcutaneously transplanted mammary adenocarcinoma and Sprague-Dawley rats treated with -methyl- -nitrosourea for mammary adenoma induction were used as animal models. The accumulation of labelled I-AFP in mouse mammary adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in rat mammary adenoma. The tumour/muscle radioactivity ratios increased with time and, 48 h after intravenous injection, were estimated as 23.4 and 6.7, respectively. For experiments, extracts from both mammary tumours were prepared. The extracts were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes and incubated with I-AFP. A single major AFP-binding protein with a molecular weight of about 30 kDa was detected in both extracts. The amount of AFP-binding protein was clearly higher for adenocarcinoma than for adenoma. In the presence of cross-linking reagent, I-AFP formed a complex (about 100 kDa) with adenocarcinoma proteins.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Radioisótopos de Yodo/farmacocinética , Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/diagnóstico por imagen , alfa-Fetoproteínas/farmacocinética , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenoma/patología , Animales , Transporte Biológico , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C3H , Cintigrafía , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Distribución TisularRESUMEN
Human Tgammadelta lymphocytes constitute from 1 to 15% of all peripheral blood lymphocytes. Recent work has demonstrated that this population plays a major role in the pathogenesis of infectious and immune diseases. Increased numbers of gammadelta T cells have been found in affected skin from systemic sclerosis and chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus patients. In our study, we have determined the numbers of Tgammadelta lymphocytes and their subpopulations in peripheral blood from 29 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in 19 healthy volunteers using flow cytometry and specific monoclonal antibodies. The same cells in uninvolved skin from SLE patients and human controls using immunohistochemical analysis were estimated. T-Cell receptor (TCR) delta chain gene rearrangement was identified with primers for Vdelta1, Vdelta2 and Vdelta3 by the polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis showed a significantly decreased number of gammadelta T cells in SLE patients (26.4+/-16.9/microl) compared with the control group (55.3+/-20.6/microl (p < 0.001). The number of Vdelta2 TCR+ and Vgamma9 TCR+ subpopulations was also lower in SLE patients than in healthy persons. No statistical correlation between disease activity and the number of gammadelta T cells was demonstrated. The percentage of Tgammadelta lymphocytes in clinically normal skin from SLE patients was twice (22.0+/-9.4%) that found in the skin from healthy persons (11.1+/-5.5%) (p < 0.002). Higher percentages of the Vdelta2 TCR+ and Vgamma9 TCR+ subpopulation of lymphocytes were found in the skin from SLE patients. We have also found positive correlation between the percentage of Tgammadelta lymphocytes in skin and the activity of SLE (r=0.594, p < 0.001), and between subpopulation Vdelta3 TCR+ and disease activity (r=0.659, p< 0.001). In conclusion, the results of our studies demonstrate that, in patients with SLE, accumulation of Tgammadelta lymphocytes can be seen in clinically normal skin, and the percentage of these cells correlates with the activity of the disease.
Asunto(s)
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/inmunología , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T gamma-delta/análisis , Piel/inmunología , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/inmunología , Adulto , Anciano , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Biopsia , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Estadística como AsuntoRESUMEN
Our previous data have shown some differences in electrophoretic characteristics of proteins from cellular fractions (nuclear, mitochondrial, microsomal and cytosolic) isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients and healthy donors. The main differences were found in electrophoretic patterns of nuclear proteins from normal and leukemia cells, especially in the nuclear mass regions of 36-52, 58-85, and 120-180 kDa. Electrophoretically-specific nuclear non-histone protein in the molecular mass zone 44/46 kDa of cells obtained from the peripheral blood of a B-CLL patient was used to produce rabbit polyclonal antiserum. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as well as immunological techniques (Western blot and immunocytochemistry) indicate that the nuclear protein with a molecular mass of 44/46 kDa is specifically expressed in mononuclear cells from B-CLL patients. The expression of this particular nuclear protein seems to correlate with the progression of the leukemia.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Cromosómicas no Histona/sangre , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/sangre , Proteínas de Neoplasias/sangre , Proteínas Nucleares/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores/sangre , Western Blotting , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Proteínas Cromosómicas no Histona/inmunología , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Femenino , Humanos , Sueros Inmunes , Inmunohistoquímica , Leucocitos Mononucleares/química , Leucocitos Mononucleares/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Peso Molecular , Proteínas de Neoplasias/inmunología , Proteínas Nucleares/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (LGNHL) has been described occasionally in the literature with the potential pathogenetic role of monoclonal B CD5+/CD19+ cells. We report a case of LGNHL which developed 18 months after diagnosis of SLE. The monoclonal population of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow was CD5/CD19 negative but CD19/CD22 positive. The SLE responded well to treatment with prednisone and the course of the LGNHL was stable and cytotoxic treatment was not required.
Asunto(s)
Moléculas de Adhesión Celular , Lectinas , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/complicaciones , Linfoma no Hodgkin/etiología , Antígenos CD/análisis , Antígenos CD19/análisis , Antígenos de Diferenciación de Linfocitos B/análisis , Linfocitos B/química , Linfocitos B/patología , Médula Ósea/patología , Antígenos CD5/análisis , Células Clonales/química , Células Clonales/patología , Femenino , Reordenamiento Génico , Genes Codificadores de la Cadena delta de los Receptores de Linfocito T , Humanos , Inmunofenotipificación , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/patología , Linfoma no Hodgkin/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lectina 2 Similar a Ig de Unión al Ácido Siálico , Piel/patología , Linfocitos T/patologíaRESUMEN
Oncogene and suppressor gene expression (cyclin D, p21WAF1, nm23-H1, Rb1, p16INK4A, and p53) was evaluated in 23 follicular thyroid carcinomas diagnosed in 20 women and 3 men operated or reoperated in Institute of Oncology in Gliwice in years 1992-1999. Positive reaction with p16INK4A, Rb1 and cyclin D1 antibodies was observed in all tumors, with nm23-H1 in 22 cases. The presence of p21WAF1 was stated in 8 cases (34.8%) and p53 in 7 cases (30.4%). A simultaneous presence of expression of p53 and lack of expression of p21WAF1 was stated three times and in two cases were accompanied by distant metastases. This pattern of expression was only rarely observed in minimally invasive follicular cancer. The prognostic significance of simultaneous immunohistochemical analysis of p53 and p21WAF1 in follicular thyroid carcinoma is suggested and has to be proved in further studies.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma Folicular/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Genes Supresores de Tumor , Oncogenes/genética , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/genética , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/secundario , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina , Ciclinas/análisis , Femenino , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/análisisRESUMEN
The expression of Bcl-2, P53 proteins and known markers of proliferation, namely proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67, in 29 patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) was investigated. All leukaemic patients were classified, and immunophenotyped by the two-colour immunofluorescence method with the use of fluorocytometry. B-CLL was heterogeneous in the range of biological parameters of tumour cells. B-CLL patients manifested 34% positive Ki67 and 61% PCNA expression, whereas Bcl-2 and P53 positivity was 81% and 42%, respectively. The level of intracellular expression of Bcl-2 and P53 proteins did not depend on the stage of disease estimated by routine methods. Ki67 and PCNA expression was significantly higher in B-CLL patients with more advanced stages of the disease. A statistically significant correlation was established between their mutual expression.
Asunto(s)
Genes Supresores de Tumor/fisiología , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/metabolismo , Oncogenes/fisiología , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Recuento de Células , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Angiogenesis as multistage process, which is required for forming of new vessels and is essential for the growth of solid tumors and making metastasis. Sixty patients with laryngeal cancer were analyzed. They were treated in ENT Department of Medical University in Lodz and follow-up period was not shorter than 5 years. Intensity of neovascularisation was examined by means of immunohistochemical techniques carried out on paraffin sections using selected antibody against antigens of vessel cells. The value of the prognostic factors of angiogenesis intensity were evaluated against: dissected nodal metastasis, tumor recurrences and metastasis observed in prospective follow-up and after cancer treatment live time. Morphological properities of tumor or hospital treatment of the patients with laryngeal cancer were analyzed as well. Taking into consideration the results, we can make the conclusion that investigation of angiogenesis can be forthcoming prognostic factor for the laryngeal cancer.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Laríngeas/irrigación sanguínea , Laringe/irrigación sanguínea , Adulto , Anciano , Anticuerpos Antineoplásicos/inmunología , Antígenos CD34/inmunología , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/inmunología , Laringe/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neovascularización PatológicaRESUMEN
Kinetics (growth fraction of tumour cell populations), death process of cancer cells (apoptosis and necrosis) and neovascularisation in tumour (angiogenesis) have influence on the growth of cancer. Sixty patients with laryngeal cancer treated in ENT Department of Medical Academy of Lodz were analysed. Proliferation activity of cancer cells was examined by means of selection appropriate antigen (Ki-67) characteristic for cell cycle utilising immunohistochemical techniques carried out on laryngeal cancer paraffin samples. Expression of selected protein connected with apoptosis (p-53) and intensity of angiogenesis were examine using selected antibody (anti-CD34) aimed against epithelial antigens. Above-mentioned markers were correlated with: stage of cancer progression, recurrences and metastasis of laryngeal cancer and follow-up of the patients. The morphological properties were examined as well. The researches on apoptosis, angiogenesis and proliferation of cancer cells can be used as prognostic factors for the patients with laryngeal cancer.
Asunto(s)
Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Neoplasias Laríngeas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Neovascularización Patológica/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Apoptosis , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias Laríngeas/irrigación sanguínea , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , PronósticoRESUMEN
The experiments were designed to study correlation between frequency of apoptosis of Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin (R-S/H) cells, EBV infection of these cells, expression of the key proteins involved in regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle in R-S/H cells, the patients' pretreatment markers and the clinical outcome. One hundred and ten Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients were studies, of which 69 obtained complete remission (CR) after first-line treatment and 41 did not respond. The time of follow-up was from 18 to 242, median 69.7, months. Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL technique (TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) and the presence of EBV-latent membrane protein 1 as well as expression of Bcl-2, tumor suppressor p53, p21WAF1, MDM-2, Rb1, PCNA, p27KIP1 and caspase-3, was detected immunocytochemically on paraffin-embedded lymph node specimens obtained at diagnosis. Positive TUNEL reaction was found in 43 patients with apoptotic index (AI) in this group varying between 10% and 60%. In the remaining 57 patients AI of R-S/H cells was below 10%. In 62 patients the cells surrounding R-S/H cells were also TUNEL-positive; their frequency was variable. The expression of LMP1 protein on R-S/H cells was found in 38 patients, without any correlation with the presence or frequency of apoptosis. No significant difference was seen between the AI and both clinical stage and histological type of the disease. However, the mean AI in non-responding patients was significantly higher than in CR group (p=0.015); the high frequency of apoptosis was also negatively correlated with the progression free survival time (p=0.031) and the overall survival (p=0.042). The expression of PCNA, p21WAF1, p53 protein and caspase-3 also showed positive correlation with frequency of apoptosis (p=0.011, p=0.036, and p=0.001, respectively). On the other hand, no statistically confirmed correlation was found between AI and expression of bcl-2, MDM-2, Rb1, and p27KIP1 on R-S/H cells. These data provide evidence that tumor cells in HD undergo spontaneous apoptosis regardless of EBV infection. High pretreatment AI correlates with poor response to the treatment, and may be considered as a potential negative prognostic factor in HD.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/patología , Proteínas Nucleares , Células de Reed-Sternberg/patología , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Caspasa 3 , Caspasas/análisis , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina , Inhibidor p27 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina , Ciclinas/análisis , ADN Viral/análisis , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/patología , Femenino , Herpesvirus Humano 4/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/mortalidad , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/virología , Humanos , Etiquetado Corte-Fin in Situ , Masculino , Proteínas Asociadas a Microtúbulos/análisis , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análisis , Pronóstico , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/análisis , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas/análisis , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/análisis , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-mdm2 , Células de Reed-Sternberg/virología , Inducción de Remisión , Proteína de Retinoblastoma/análisis , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/análisis , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/patología , Proteínas de la Matriz Viral/análisisRESUMEN
Paraffin-embedded tissue slides from 88 infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma were examined by immunohistochemistry technique with the use of monoclonal antibody against human p65 antigen and polyclonal antibody against p65-like protein present in fetal bovine serum. Immunohistochemical analysis of expression of growth factor receptors (EGFR), protein product of oncogene c-erb B2 as well as protein product of mutated anti-oncogene p53 was also done. It was established that there is no correlation between p65 and c-erbB2, EGFR or p53 expression. In low differentiated tumors (grade III) high p53 index and high EGFR and c-erbB2 expression was connected with low p65 expression. The lack of c-erbB2 and EGFR and low p53 expression was combined usually with high p65 oncoprotein levels.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Carcinoma Intraductal no Infiltrante/metabolismo , Proteínas Portadoras/metabolismo , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Carcinoma Intraductal no Infiltrante/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Intraductal no Infiltrante/genética , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Receptores ErbB/genética , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Pronóstico , Receptor ErbB-2/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genéticaRESUMEN
The aim of the study was to examine the consecutive series of primary ductal invasive tumours and find out: a) the expression of some biological cellular parameters as proliferating antigens Ki67 and PCNA and products of gene EGFR, erbB2; b) correlation between the levels of expression of those factors and classical prognostic factors, such as diameter of tumour, status of axillary lymph nodes, status of steroids receptors, the degree of histological differentiation. We found that: 1. The presence of the expression of oncoproteins c-erbB2 and EGFR, high index IP PCNA, Ki67 and low levels of steroids receptors correlates with high histological malignancy (Bloom III0); 2. The lack of expression of oncoproteins c-erbB2, EGFR and low index IP PCNA, Ki67 correlates with high levels of steroids receptors; 3. The estimation of high levels of index IP PCNA, IP Ki67 can be helpful for separate tumours of high proliferating activity; 4. The expression of oncoprotein c-erbB2 and EGFR does not correlate with the diameter of tumour as well as with the involvement of axillary lymph nodes. It seems that the estimation of proliferating antigens together with the expression of oncoproteins might have greater prognostic value than the estimation of one of these factors.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/genética , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patología , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/metabolismo , Receptores ErbB/biosíntesis , Receptores ErbB/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67/biosíntesis , Antígeno Ki-67/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/biosíntesis , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/genética , Receptor ErbB-2/biosíntesis , Receptor ErbB-2/genéticaRESUMEN
On the basis of a retrospective study of 327 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), the prognostic significance of several factors, accepted previously and recently proposed, has been analyzed with regard to response to treatment and the survival time. Multivariate regression analysis strongly decreased the number of potentially prognostic parameters. The only independent, pretreatment factors negatively influenced by either time of survival or response to treatment were the following: age at diagnosis of more than 45 years, advanced (IIIB/IV) clinical stage, poor clinical status according to Karnofsky's scale (score less than 70), presence of systemic symptoms, mixed cellularity/lymphocyte depletion histological type, multisite peripheral nodal localization of the disease, abdominal lymphadenopathy, and large primary tumor mass (bulky disease). Short time to achieve complete remission (during the first four courses of chemotherapy) has proven to be significantly positive predictive factor. Cumulative dose of cytostatics lower than programmed was a significantly negative prognostic factor that correlated with a shorter time of survival. Lack of or a too-low dose of radiotherapy had the same predictive value. High activity of serum lactate dehydrogenase correlated moderately with poor response to the first-line treatment but did not influence the survival time. Other clinical, morphological, and biochemical parameters influenced neither the prognosis nor the response to treatment. Additionally, immunohistochemical examinations for proliferating cell nuclear antigen and the protein products of the p53 and bcl-2 genes were performed on the lymph nodes obtained from the patients with HD. High expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p53, and BCL-2 correlated with poor response to the treatment and/or short time of survival. Statistical analysis has led us to the conclusion that the pretreatment expression of these oncoproteins can be taken into consideration as a new prognostic factor in HD.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Hodgkin/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/terapia , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/análisis , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/análisis , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/análisisRESUMEN
Using immunohistochemical methods, we studied cellular infiltrations of burn wounds in children. The relative number of cells with cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) CD68 molecules, cells with receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R), IL-3, IL-3R, IL-6, IL-6R, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF-alphaR, and cells with TNF-alpha molecules on their surface was studied. The relationships between these values were determined. The following results were observed: (1) A positive correlation between the relative numbers of CD68 cells and the percentage of cells with receptors for IL-2 (IL-2R) and TNF-alpha (TNF-alphaR); (2) A negative correlation between the relative numbers of CD3 cells and cells with receptors for IL-2 and TNF-alpha; (3) A strong negative correlation between the relative numbers of CD3 and CD68 cells; (4) A positive correlation between the percentage of cells with receptors for TNF-alpha and the size of the burn wound; and (5) A positive correlation between the relative numbers of cells with the TNF-alpha molecule on their surfaces and studied receptors for interleukins, i.e., IL-2R, IL-3R, IL-6R, and TNF-alphaR. These results indicate a key role for TNF-alpha and its receptor within the cytokine system in the course of the inflammatory reaction in burn wounds.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/metabolismo , Citocinas/análisis , Adolescente , Antígenos CD/análisis , Antígenos de Diferenciación Mielomonocítica/análisis , Quemaduras/patología , Complejo CD3/análisis , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Receptores de Interleucina-2/análisis , Receptores de Interleucina-3/análisis , Receptores de Interleucina-6/análisis , Receptores del Factor de Necrosis Tumoral/análisis , Receptores Tipo I de Factores de Necrosis Tumoral , Piel/química , Piel/patología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/análisisRESUMEN
Material was obtained from necrotic tissue excised from burn wounds in 60 children and examined immunohistochemically for the percentages of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, and CD68 cells. The results were then correlated with the burn surface area (BSA). Bacteriologic studies revealed the presence of bacteria in only 22 wounds with BSA greater than 10% of total body surface area. In this group, the proportion of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, and CD68 cells was correlated with the severity of infection, measured as the number of bacteria per g tissue. The results showed a positive correlation between the BSA and the percentage of CD8 cells (P < 0.001) and a negative correlation between CD4 cells and BSA (P < 0.02). The correlation between CD4/CD8 index and BSA was significantly negative. Likewise, a significant negative correlation was also noted between the percentage of CD4 and CD8 cells within the wound (P < 0.001). The severity of infection (bacteria/g tissue) was also positively correlated with the percentage of CD8 cells (P < 0.05) and negatively with the percentage of CD4 cells (P < 0.05). The correlation between CD4/CD8 index and intensity of infection was also highly significant. The results obtained show that in extensive burn wounds bacterial antigens may not be recognized properly due to the decreased percentage of CD4 cells and increased percentage of CD8 cells, which enhances bacterial growth in these wounds.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Quemaduras/inmunología , Adolescente , Infecciones Bacterianas/inmunología , Quemaduras/microbiología , Quemaduras/patología , Complejo CD3/análisis , Antígenos CD4/análisis , Relación CD4-CD8 , Antígenos CD8/análisis , Niño , Preescolar , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Piel/inmunología , Piel/microbiología , Piel/patologíaRESUMEN
We report here a case of an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in a 25-year-old woman. Ultrastructural examination revealed a few periodical membrane-bound crystalloids, similar to those regarded as specific for alveolar soft-part sarcoma. Our study provides evidence supporting a myogenic origin of those periodic structures, and simultaneously a myogenic origin of alveolar soft-part sarcoma.
Asunto(s)
Ganglios Linfáticos/ultraestructura , Rabdomiosarcoma Alveolar/ultraestructura , Adulto , Axila , Biopsia con Aguja , Soluciones Cristaloides , Femenino , Humanos , Soluciones Isotónicas , Reacción del Ácido Peryódico de Schiff , Sustitutos del PlasmaRESUMEN
One of the most important factor in prognosis of the patients with laryngeal cancer is presence of the metastases in lymph nodes of the neck. The main purpose of the paper was the evaluation of CD34 and FVIII antigens as angiogenesis markers, and nm23 protein and CD44 antigen expression as metastasis potential markers and description of their role in the tumour progression and making metastasis in the patients with laryngeal cancer. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 89 patients with laryngeal cancer were stained with a monoclonal antibody raised against CD34 and FVIII antigens, against nm 23 protein and against CD44 antigen. Measuring the density of the microvasculature in tumour was investigated. We found significant dependence between intensity of angiogenesis (IA) and pT, nodal metastasis, histological grading and survival. There were also significant correlation between nm23 protein expression and nodal metastasis, and between CD44 antigen expression and pT, nm23 protein expression and FVIII antigen expression. Evaluation of mentioned markers allowed to asses the aggressiveness of tumour cells and anticipate neck metastasis in the patients with laryngeal cancer.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Receptores de Hialuranos/análisis , Neoplasias Laríngeas/química , Proteínas de Unión al GTP Monoméricas/análisis , Neovascularización Patológica/patología , Nucleósido-Difosfato Quinasa , Factores de Transcripción/análisis , Adulto , Anciano , Antígenos CD34/análisis , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/irrigación sanguínea , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nucleósido Difosfato Quinasas NM23 , Invasividad NeoplásicaRESUMEN
Evaluation of the biology of laryngeal cancer cell is connected either with many process inside the cell or reactions between cancer cell itself and extracellular matrix. The main purpose in this paper was the evaluation of p53 protein, bcl-2 protein, Ki-67 antigen and CD44 adhesive molecule expressions in comparison to clinical and histopathological features in patients with laryngeal cancer. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 89 patients with laryngeal cancer were stained with a monoclonal antibody raised against p53 and bcl-2 proteins, Ki-67 and CD44 antigens using a peroxidase-labelled streptavidin-biotin kit. There were statistically significant relationships between p-53 protein over-expression and pT, histological grading, survival and Ki-67 and CD44 antigens expressions. There were no correlation between bcl-2 protein expression and clinical and histopathological features. We observed statistically significant correlation between Ki-67 expression and pT, histological grading, recurrences and survival. Expression of CD44 statistically significant correlated only with tumour size. We conclude that comparison of data covering mentioned tumour markers expression gives valuable evaluation of biological activity of cancer cells and may allow to create the immunological panel of tumour markers which simplify the prognosis about nodal metastases, recurrences and survival in patients with laryngeal cancer.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Neoplasias Laríngeas/química , Adulto , Anciano , Matriz Extracelular/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Receptores de Hialuranos/análisis , Antígeno Ki-67/análisis , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Neoplasias Laríngeas/fisiopatología , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Pronóstico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/análisis , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/análisisRESUMEN
Since the prevention of apoptosis can produce resistance to chemotherapy, abnormal expression of oncoproteins engaged in the regulation of this phenomenon in tumor cells may give some prognostic information in patients with neoplasma. To assess this problem in Hodgkin's disease (HD), the cellular expression of two p53 downstreams proteins p21 and MDM-2 was evaluated in the lymph nodes specimens obtained from 68 patients at the time of diagnosis, and compared with some clinical and pathological data. Positive immunoreaction for p21 and MDM-2 on Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin's (R-S/H) cells was found in a majority of cases (58.8 and 63.2%, respectively). High expression of p21 protein correlated with poor response to the first-line treatment and disease free survival in both univariate and multivariate regression analysis, whereas expression of MDM-2 did not give prognostic information in patients with HD. Expression of p21 and MDM-2 was also compared with p53 protein immunoreactivity of R-S/H cells. The p21+/p53+ immunophenotype occurred to give particularly negative prognostic information in patients with HD. Diversity of p21/MDM-2/p53 patterns of R-S/H cells observed in particular patients may reflect heterogeneity of apoptosis regulatory mechanisms, as well as differences in p53 gene status.