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Having previously described Robert Lindsay's and Bryan Wood's trip to New York and the first International Orthodontic Congress, this second article concentrates on Philadelphia and the seventh International Dental Congress. The latter, a vast gathering, was a chance for dentists from all corners of the globe to come together, not only to connect with each other and exchange ideas, but also to demonstrate the importance of their profession. Twelve years previously, the sixth Congress, held in London, had had to close abruptly following England's declaration of war against Germany. Scheduled to run between 4-8 August, it had closed on the sixth as so many of the delegates had dispersed. William Guy, one of the vice presidents of that conference, played a prominent part in the 1926 meeting and his memories and those of others present in Philadelphia are explored here, in conjunction with Robert Lindsay's handwritten diary and letters.

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In August 1926, two important dental meetings took place in America: the first International Orthodontic Congress (16-20 August in New York) and the seventh International Dental Congress (23-27 August in Philadelphia). Robert Lindsay, British Dental Association (BDA) dental secretary and husband of fellow dentist and BDA librarian, Lilian Lindsay, documented his trip attending these two events. His handwritten diary and letters not only describe the dental meetings and the dentists that went there, but also chronicle the epoch of the great luxury passenger liners and a time in America where business was booming and money was seemingly no object. This article focuses on the journey to America and the orthodontic meeting - the first time a dental speciality had held an international gathering.

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This article explores the life of Florence Kathleen Messer, erstwhile British Dental Journal (BDJ) advertising manager. An employee of the British Dental Association between 1934 and 1973, she also wrote a definitive history of the BDJ from its beginnings up to 1979. Florence's life is put into the context of the BDJ as it was when she worked there and follows the journal's changes and developments over that time.

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A narrative portrait of Dr Lilian Lindsay, the first woman to qualify as a dentist in the UK, first female President of the British Dental Association (BDA) and the creator of the BDA Library. This article explores the character, personality and beliefs of Dr Lindsay using her letters, diaries, articles and unpublished works. In addition, it shows how she was perceived by her contemporaries as a wife, a fellow staff member, a fellow dentist, a friend and a mentor. Other biographies have been written of her life and this article seeks to explore who she was rather than what she did.

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Guy's Hospital and its dental school have an illustrious history. It is the hospital where the first known UK lecture on dentistry was delivered to students in 1799. This paper examines its history and involvement with general and specialist children's dentistry, for which many dental staff helped to raise clinical standards. Interestingly, a number of leading graduates went to the USA for postgraduate study, more than from any other UK school. Many were financed by a travelling bursary endowed by the founding Dean, Frederick Newland-Pedley and have returned to be major players on the British scene, some in children's dentistry.By its very nature this research cannot claim to be exhaustive. Hopefully other researchers will add further information.

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A history of the BDA Library from its beginnings up to the move to its current home in 64 Wimpole Street. In its centenary year of 2020, this article looks back and reflects on how the library was first thought of, its inception and growth under the nurturing hand of its Honorary Librarian, Lilian Lindsay, and through its move from 23 Russell Square to 13 Hill Street and the tribulations of the Second World War. The development of the Robert and Lilian Lindsay Library is then followed post-war when its first full-time professionally qualified librarian was engaged, through the tribulations of the late 1950s into the 1960s and the safe hands of Muriel Spencer, who brought the collection to its specifically designed area at 64 Wimpole Street.

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This second centenary article looks at the history of the BDA Library through the medium of its technological developments. It shows how the workings of a library and its services have been transformed through changes in the way that information is duplicated, stored, reproduced, read and viewed. It also discusses how much or little has really altered at the heart of what a library does for its members.

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To determine the circumstances in which oral health promotion (OHP) in General Dental Practice is at its most effective, a systematic review was conducted to identify, critically appraise and synthesize the available evidence. The research question was: Is oral health promotion within dental practice effective and how can its effects be optimized? Systematic searches of 20 online resources (including Ovid Medline and Embase) were conducted. A call for evidence was also issued, and citation lists of other relevant systematic reviews were included. All studies published since 1994 which were set in the context of general dental practice and investigated promoting good oral health in adult or child patients were considered. 44 studies reported in 52 papers were included in the review. The evidence was heterogeneous and the quality of reporting was variable. Results showed that oral health promotion based on behavioural and psychological models was effective for improving oral health. Verbal advice affected knowledge and reported behaviour, written advice promoted oral health knowledge. There was moderate evidence that the attributes of the 'sender' of an oral health promotion message influenced its effectiveness. Many barriers and facilitators were shown to influence the effectiveness of OHP in dental practice. The results of this review suggest that the psychology of behaviour change is the key to oral health promotion and greater emphasis on teaching oral health professionals about health psychology would make oral health promotion in the dental surgery more effective.

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Since August 2009, members of the Primary Care Dentistry Research Forum (http://www.dentistryresearch.org) have taken part in an online vote to identify questions in day-to-day practise that they felt most needed to be answered with conclusive research. The question which received the most votes formed the subject of a critical appraisal of the relevant literature. Each month a new round of voting takes place to decide which further questions will be reviewed. Dental practitioners and dental care professionals are encouraged to take part in the voting and submit their own questions to be included in the vote by joining the website. This paper details a summary of the findings of the fifth critical appraisal. The results of the critical appraisal conclude that there is a lack of evidence relating to perceptions of oral health in deprived areas. There were no studies identified that have compared the perceptions of oral health among people from deprived areas with those from non-deprived areas in the UK.

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