RESUMEN
CASE REPORT: A patient with a history of surgical resection of an acoustic neuroma presented with involvement of both the left facial nerve and the left trigeminal nerve. She initially consulted for exposure keratitis, but two weeks later presented with an infectious keratitis. After taking the corneal sample, she presented with persistent epithelial defect, which did not respond to medical management. Topical insulin was indicated, and a decrease in the area of the lesion was seen in the following 5 days. A therapeutic contact lens was also placed at that time and finally, two weeks after the initiation of insulin, the epithelial defect completely closed. DISCUSSION: This was a complex case due to the confluence of facial paralysis, neurotrophic keratitis, and infectious keratitis, which finally had a successful outcome. Topical insulin can be an effective adjuvant therapy in cases of neurotrophic ulcers that do not respond to standard therapy.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos del Nervio Facial/complicaciones , Insulina/uso terapéutico , Queratitis/etiología , Neuroma Acústico/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Traumatismos del Nervio Trigémino/complicaciones , Administración Oftálmica , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Lentes de Contacto Hidrofílicos , Úlcera de la Córnea/tratamiento farmacológico , Úlcera de la Córnea/etiología , Úlcera de la Córnea/terapia , Parálisis Facial/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Insulina/administración & dosificación , Queratitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Queratitis/microbiología , Queratitis/terapia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Moxifloxacino/uso terapéutico , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/etiología , Vancomicina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Objective: Many studies correlate characteristics of family functioning and the development of drug addiction. This study sought to evaluate and compare the family environment styles of two groups of psychoactive substance users: 1) alcohol-only users and 2) crack-cocaine users. Methods: Three hundred and sixty-four users of alcohol, crack-cocaine, and other drugs, recruited from research centers in four Brazilian capitals participated in this study. Subjects were evaluated through the Family Environment Scale and the Addiction Severity Index, 6th version (ASI-6). ASI-6 t-scores were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc tests. A final model was obtained using a logistic regression analysis. All analyses were adjusted for partner, age, and psychiatric t-score. Results: We found a significant difference between groups in the cohesion subscale (p = 0.044). The post-hoc test revealed a difference of 1.06 points (95%CI 0.11-2.01) between groups 1 (6.45±0.28) and 2 (5.38±0.20). No significant between-group differences were observed in the other subscales. However, categorical analyses of variables regarding family dynamic showed that crack users more often reported that sometimes people in their family hit each other (30.4% vs. 13.2%, p = 0.007) and that people in their family frequently compared each other regarding work and/or school achievement (57.2% vs. 42.6%, p = 0.041). Conclusion: These results suggest that families of crack-cocaine users are less cohesive than families of alcohol users. This type of family environment may affect treatment outcome, and should thus be adequately approached.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Familia/psicología , Trastornos Relacionados con Cocaína/psicología , Alcoholismo/psicología , Factores Socioeconómicos , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Conflicto Familiar/psicologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Many studies correlate characteristics of family functioning and the development of drug addiction. This study sought to evaluate and compare the family environment styles of two groups of psychoactive substance users: 1) alcohol-only users and 2) crack-cocaine users. METHODS: Three hundred and sixty-four users of alcohol, crack-cocaine, and other drugs, recruited from research centers in four Brazilian capitals participated in this study. Subjects were evaluated through the Family Environment Scale and the Addiction Severity Index, 6th version (ASI-6). ASI-6 t-scores were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc tests. A final model was obtained using a logistic regression analysis. All analyses were adjusted for partner, age, and psychiatric t-score. RESULTS: We found a significant difference between groups in the cohesion subscale (p = 0.044). The post-hoc test revealed a difference of 1.06 points (95%CI 0.11-2.01) between groups 1 (6.45±0.28) and 2 (5.38±0.20). No significant between-group differences were observed in the other subscales. However, categorical analyses of variables regarding family dynamic showed that crack users more often reported that sometimes people in their family hit each other (30.4% vs. 13.2%, p = 0.007) and that people in their family frequently compared each other regarding work and/or school achievement (57.2% vs. 42.6%, p = 0.041). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that families of crack-cocaine users are less cohesive than families of alcohol users. This type of family environment may affect treatment outcome, and should thus be adequately approached.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo/psicología , Trastornos Relacionados con Cocaína/psicología , Familia/psicología , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Conflicto Familiar/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
El objetivo del presente artículo es hacer una revisión de un tema muy importante como es el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la mal oclusión clase III en etapas tempranas, para lograr este objetivo se reunió a un grupo de residentes de Odontopediatría de diferentes universidades durante 6 meses, el cual realizó una búsqueda de información en las principales revistas y textos llegando a la conclusión de que la mal oclusión clase III es un síndrome dentofacial que genera mucha controversia en la odontología actual debido básicamente a la pregunta constante de los clínicos de cuándo será el momento oportuno para iniciar el tratamiento. La respuesta a esta interrogante dependerá de la gravedad de la mal oclusión y del estadío de crecimiento óseo en el que se encuentre el paciente; pero existen otras dimensiones a considerar como: las características clínicas, el correcto diagnóstico y las alternativas posibles de tratamiento (que serán necesarias para poder decidir acertadamente cuándo y cómo será el tratamiento de nuestro paciente). El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es orientar al clínico sobre diversos aspectos; de esta maloclusión, existentes en la literatura...
The aim of this article is to make a review of a very important theme as is the diagnosis and treatment of Class III malocclusion in early stages. To achieve this goal, we gather a group of residents in pediatric dentistry from different universities during six months, this group per formed a search for information in the most important journals and texts, coming to the conclusion that Class III malocclusion is a dentofacial syndrome that generates a lot of controversy in dentistry today, basically due to the constant question of clinicians about when is the correct time to treat this malocclusion. The answer to this question will depend on the severity of the malocclusion and on the bone growth stage of the patient; but there are other dimensions to consider such as: clinical characteristics, the correct diagnosis and possible treatment alternatives (that will be necessary to take into consideration in order to correctly choose when and how the treatment of our patient will be). The aim of this review is to guide clinicians through all the different aspects of this malocclusion that may exist in literature...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/diagnóstico , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/etiología , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/terapiaRESUMEN
En este estudio se evaluaron 98 pacientes a quienes se les realizó osteosintesis con placas de bajo contacto en el Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá, entre enero de 1996 y enero del 2002, con diagnóstico de fracturas abiertas, fracturas cerradas y pseudoartrosis, que comprometían el húmero, el cúbito y el radio, los metacarpianos, el fémur y la tibia. Del total, 67.3/100 correspondían a fracturas abiertas y 32.7/100 eran fracturas cerradas; en cuanto a su origen, 54.1/100 eran heridas por arma de fuego, 28.6/100 por accidente automotor y 17.3/100 por trauma directo. El segmento mas frecuentemente afectado fue el antebrazo con 43 casos. En las fracturas abiertas el cultivo fue positivo en 11.2/100. El promedio de lavados quirúrgicos fue de 3,2. Se colocaron 110 placas en 98 pacientes. En 58/100 se realizó abordaje del foco de fractura, y en 41.8/100 abordaje limitado. El promedio de seguimiento fue de 28.2 meses. No se encontró ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el tipo de abordaje y el tiempo de consolidación. No se presentó osteomielitis ni flojamiento séptico en los pacientes tratados.
Asunto(s)
Placas Óseas , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , ColombiaRESUMEN
We began our program in September 1992, using the Nucleus 22 Channel Cochlear Implant. To date, we have operated on four patients, one child with congenital hearing loss, two prelinguistically deaf adults and one perilingually deaf adult. Our results have shown a significant increase in auditory and speech reception and perception skills in the child. The perilingually deaf adult is able to understand speech in open set speech discrimination testing and, although we do not expect open set speech discrimination in the prelinguistically deaf adults, to date their results have been satisfactory. The two prelingually deaf adults are in an audiological rehabilitation program. Their response in prosodic aspects of speech and lipreading ability with sound have improved significantly. The only surgical complication was an infection of the flap in the child, but it was treated satisfactorily with i.v. penicillin.
Asunto(s)
Implantes Cocleares , Sordera/rehabilitación , Adulto , Umbral Auditivo , Preescolar , Diseño de Equipo , Femenino , Humanos , Lectura de los Labios , Masculino , Percepción del Habla , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
A questionnaire designed to assess the prevalence of stuttering and its relation with: (a) central nervous system risk factors; (b) associated disorders (allergies, migraine-type headache, developmental dyslexia history, smoking, and drug abuse), and (c) depression symptoms, was given to a general population sample of 1879 Spanish-speaking university students (mean age = 24.0). A prevalence of 2% of self-reported stuttering was found. Results indicated that the prevalence of minor brain injury or dysfunction, developmental dyslexia history, word-finding difficulties, and depressive symptoms was higher among the self-reported stutterers than among the nonstutterers.
Asunto(s)
Tartamudeo/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Colombia/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Estudios Transversales , Dislexia/epidemiología , Dislexia/etiología , Femenino , Lateralidad Funcional , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Tartamudeo/etiologíaRESUMEN
The frequency of some episodic psychic symptoms (dysmnesic, perceptual, and experiential) was determined in a 2,500-subject general population sample. Correlations with some risk factors eventually associated with nervous system dysfunctions (seizure history, head injury, car accident, hospitalization, febrile illness, and birth injury) were calculated. Subjects with one or several risk factors were more likely to report episodic psychic phenomena in daily life. Significant correlations of episodic psychic phenomena with sleep disorders, headache, allergies, and a history of learning disabilities were observed. We propose that some subclinical dysfunctions can be associated with the appearance of episodic psychic phenomena in otherwise normal subjects.
Asunto(s)
Epilepsia del Lóbulo Temporal/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central/epidemiología , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central/psicología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/epidemiología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/psicología , Colombia/epidemiología , Epilepsia del Lóbulo Temporal/psicología , Análisis Factorial , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
PIP: The role of socioeconomic factors as determinants of mortality from malaria in Colombia is analyzed. The relative importance of various indicators of socioeconomic development, including urbanization, per capita income, and educational level, is evaluated. Data are for the period 1950-1973.^ieng