RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with postpartum depression and anxiety among mothers and fathers of preterm infants and to examine the relationships between maternal and paternal symptoms. METHODS: Six electronic databases were searched to identify eligible studies reporting parental depression and anxiety within 1 year postpartum. Data were extracted for a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to analyze associations between study characteristics and prevalence estimates. RESULTS: In total, 79 studies were included. The meta-analysis of studies on mothers generated estimates of prevalence for depression (29.2 %, 95 % CI, 21.8 %-37.9 %) and anxiety (37.7 %, 95 % CI, 24.1 %-53.6 %). The meta-analysis of fathers indicated a pooled depression prevalence of 17.4 % (95 % CI, 12.5 %-23.8 %) and an anxiety estimate of 18.3 % (95 % CI, 8.1 %-36.3 %). Assessment time points and methods as well as the geographic continent in which the study was conducted were significant moderators of depression and anxiety. Significant inter-correlations were found between mothers' and fathers' depression and anxiety symptoms (p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS: Limited data from specific geographic continents, including Africa and Asia. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of depression and anxiety among preterm infants' parents was high, highlighting the need for early psychological screening and assessment. Further research is required to improve services that focus on parents' postpartum psychological needs in the family context.
Asunto(s)
Depresión Posparto , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Femenino , Humanos , Depresión Posparto/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Padres , MadresRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To examine the associations of excessive internet use with depression, anxiety, and sleep quality among high school students in northern Vietnam, a country experiencing rapid economic growth. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a high school in northern Vietnam from July to September 2019. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were respectively assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and the Vietnamese Anxiety Scale. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Internet use and demographic characteristics were obtained using structured questionnaires. A multiple logistic regression was performed. RESULTS: In total, 678 participants with an average age of 16.1 (standard deviation 0.9) years were included. Nearly one-third of the adolescents (30.7%) exhibited excessive internet use (> 4 h/day), 19.6% experienced depressive symptoms, 14.5% presented anxiety symptoms, and 58.8% reported poor sleep quality. Compared to non-excessive internet users, excessive internet users (> 4 h/day) experienced significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms (p = .001), anxiety (p = .008), and poorer sleep quality (p < .001). Students who were female and with fair/poor self-rated health experienced higher depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality (p < .05). After adjusting for demographic and health-related factors, students with excessive internet use were 58% more likely to experience poor sleep quality (odds ratio, 1.58, 95% confidence interval [1.06, 2.35]). CONCLUSIONS: Excessive internet use in Vietnamese high school students was significantly associated with poor sleep quality, but not with depression or anxiety.
Asunto(s)
Depresión , Calidad del Sueño , Adolescente , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/diagnóstico , Depresión/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Internet , Uso de Internet , Instituciones Académicas , Sueño , Estudiantes , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Vietnam/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the causative agent of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in swine. Here, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using PCV2 nucleotide sequences derived from the bone marrow of Korean boar and previously reported PCV2 sequences isolated from various countries. PCV2 from Korean boar bone marrow (KC188796) was classified into the group containing PCV2a-Canada and other PCV2 strain from Korea. While the ORF1 region of the PCV2 genome was highly conserved, ORF2 (the capsid protein coding region) was relatively variable. The nucleotide sequences for bone marrow-derived PCV2 were 93.4-99.0% homologous to the other reference sequences. The deduced amino acid sequences for the ORF1 and ORF2 coding regions were 97.4-99.3% and 84.5-97.4% homologous with the other reference strains, respectively, indicating that KC188796 did not differ markedly from the other PCV2 strains. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that bone marrow-derived PCV2 was highly similar to PCV2a from Canada and may be related to persistent PCV2 infections in swine.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de la Cápside/genética , Circovirus/clasificación , Circovirus/genética , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/virología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Médula Ósea/virología , Proteínas de la Cápside/química , Genoma Viral , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , República de Corea , Alineación de Secuencia , PorcinosRESUMEN
Kashmir bee virus (KBV) is one of the most common viral infections in honeybees. In this study, a phylogenetic analysis was performed using nine partial nucleotide sequences of RdRp and the structural polyprotein regions of South Korean KBV genotypes, as well as nine previously reported KBV genotypes from various countries and two closely related genotypes of Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) and Acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV). The Korean KBV genotypes were highly conserved with 94-99 % shared identity, but they also shared 88-95 % identity with genotypes from various countries, and they formed a separate KBV cluster in the phylogenetic tree. The complete genome sequence of Korean KBV was also determined and aligned with previously reported complete reference genome sequences of KBV, IAPV, and ABPV to compare different genomic regions. The complete Korean KBV genome shared 93, 79, and 71 % similarity with the complete reference genomes of KBV, IAPV, and ABPV, respectively. The Korean KBV was highly conserved relative to the reference KBV genomes in the intergenic and 3' untranslated region (UTR), but it had a highly variable 5' UTR, whereas there was little divergence in the helicase and 3C-protease of the nonstructural protein, and the external domains of the structural polyprotein region. Thus, genetic recombination and geographical distance may explain the genomic variations between the Korean and reference KBV genotypes.
Asunto(s)
Abejas/virología , Dicistroviridae/genética , Genoma Viral , ARN Viral/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Animales , Análisis por Conglomerados , Dicistroviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , Poliproteínas/genética , ARN Polimerasa Dependiente del ARN/genética , República de Corea , Homología de Secuencia , Proteínas Virales/genéticaRESUMEN
Toxoplasma gondii and Trichinella spiralis are important zoonotic pathogens with worldwide distributions. In Korea, several outbreaks of human toxoplasmosis and trichinellosis due to the consumption of infected wild animals have been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii and T. spiralis infections in wild boars killed in Korea from December 2009 to October 2011. A total of 521 wild boars hunted in eight provinces were examined for antibodies to T. gondii and T. spiralis by using commercial ELISA kits. Overall, 25.1% of serum samples from individual boars were seropositive for T. gondii and 1.7% were seropositive for T. spiralis. Seropositive for T. gondii was found in the boars in all the eight provinces investigated and for T. spiralis in four provinces. This is the first report on the seroprevalence of T. gondii and T. spiralis infections in wild boars in Korea. The consumption of undercooked wild boar meat may expose humans to a high risk of infection.
Asunto(s)
Sus scrofa/parasitología , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiología , Toxoplasmosis Animal/epidemiología , Trichinella spiralis/inmunología , Triquinelosis/veterinaria , Animales , Anticuerpos Antihelmínticos/sangre , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/veterinaria , Geografía , Humanos , República de Corea/epidemiología , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/parasitología , Toxoplasma/inmunología , Toxoplasma/aislamiento & purificación , Toxoplasmosis Animal/parasitología , Trichinella spiralis/aislamiento & purificación , Triquinelosis/epidemiología , Triquinelosis/parasitología , ZoonosisRESUMEN
Ticks are vectors of various pathogens that affect humans and animals throughout the world. Anaplasma bovis is one of the most important tick-borne pathogens that cause cattle diseases but there is still very little information available about this agent in Korea. In the present study, 535 Haemaphysalis longicornis tick pools were analyzed from grazing cattle in five Korean provinces. A. bovis was detected in 50 (9.3%) of 535 tick pools using 16S rRNA-based PCR. A. bovis infections were detected for the first time in ticks feeding on cattle in Chungbuk, Geongbuk, and Jeonbuk provinces in Korea. The 50 positive PCR products were sequenced successfully and compared with sequences in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis of the Korean isolates classified them into four genotypes with nucleotide sequence identities of 99.4-100%. Two of the four genotypes had high similarity (99.8-100%) with known sequences. The other two genotypes have never been identified.
Asunto(s)
Anaplasma/genética , Anaplasma/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/parasitología , Filogenia , Infestaciones por Garrapatas/veterinaria , Garrapatas/microbiología , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , República de Corea/epidemiología , Infestaciones por Garrapatas/epidemiología , Infestaciones por Garrapatas/parasitologíaRESUMEN
Black queen cell virus (BQCV) infection is one of the most common viral infections in honeybees (Apis mellifera). A phylogenetic tree was constructed for 19 partial nucleotide sequences for the capsid region of South Korean BQCV, which were also compared with 10 previously reported BQCV sequences derived from different countries. The Korean BQCV genomes were highly conserved and showed 97-100% identity. They also showed 92-99% similarity with other country genotypes and showed no significant clustering in the phylogenetic tree. In order to investigate this phenomenon in more detail, the complete genome sequence of the Korean BQCV strain was determined and aligned with those from a South African reference strain and European genotypes, Poland4-6 and Hungary10. A phylogenetic tree was then constructed. The Korean BQCV strain showed a high level of similarity (92%) with Hungary10, but low similarity (86%) with the South African reference genotype. Comparison of the Korean and other sequences across different genome regions revealed that the 5'-UTR, the intergenic region, and the capsid regions of the BQCV genome were highly conserved. ORF1 (a non-structural protein coding region) was more variable than ORF2 (a structural protein coding region). The 5'-proximal third of ORF1 was particularly variable and contained several insertions/deletions. This phenomenon may be explained by intra-molecular recombination between the Korean and other BQCV genotypes; this appeared to have happened more with the South African reference strain than with the European genotypes.
Asunto(s)
Abejas/virología , Proteínas de la Cápside/genética , Dicistroviridae/genética , Dicistroviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Genoma Viral , Regiones no Traducidas 5' , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Proteínas de la Cápside/química , Dicistroviridae/química , Dicistroviridae/clasificación , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Sistemas de Lectura Abierta , Filogenia , República de Corea , Alineación de SecuenciaRESUMEN
The black queen cell virus (BQCV), a picorna-like honeybee virus, was first isolated from queen larvae and pupae of honeybees found dead in their cells. BQCV is the most common cause of death in queen larvae. Phylogenetic analysis of two Apis cerana and three Apis mellifera BQCV genotypes collected from honeybee colonies in different regions of South Korea, central European BQCV genotypes, and a South African BQCV reference genotype was performed on a partial helicase enzyme coding region (ORF1) and a partial structural polypeptide coding region (ORF2). The phylogeny based on the ORF2 region showed clustering of all the Korean genotypes corresponding to their geographic origin, with the exception of Korean Am str3 which showed more similarity to the central European and the South African reference genotype. However, the ORF1-based tree exhibited a different distribution of the Korean strains, in which A. cerana isolates formed one cluster and all A. mellifera isolates formed a separate cluster. The RT-PCR assay described in this study is a sensitive and reliable method for the detection and classification of BQCV strains from various regions of Korea. BQCV infection is present in both A. cerana and A. mellifera colonies. With this in mind, the present study examined the transmission of honeybee BQCV infections between A. cerana and A. mellifera.
Asunto(s)
Abejas/virología , Dicistroviridae/clasificación , Dicistroviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Animales , Dicistroviridae/genética , Femenino , Genotipo , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Sistemas de Lectura Abierta , República de Corea , Proteínas Virales/genéticaRESUMEN
Complete major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene sequences of benign Theileria parasites were isolated from ticks of grazing cattle in Korea. A total of 556 tick samples were collected in five provinces: Chungbuk, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam, Gyeongbuk, and Jeju during 2010-2011. Fifteen samples from Chungbuk and Jeonnam were positive for the Theileria MPSP gene by PCR amplification using a specific primer set. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with the amplified gene sequences and 26 additional sequences published in GenBank. The benign Theileria parasites were classified into eight types, those isolated from Korean cattle ticks belonged to Types 1 (Ikeda), 2 (Chitose), 4, and 8. Types 2 and 4 were the most common types, with the rate of 40%, followed by Types 1 and 8 (with the rate of 13% and 7%, respectively). Nucleotide sequence identities of 23 theilerial MPSP sequences (15 MPSP gene sequences amplified and 8 sequences published) ranged from 67.3 to 99.8%. Multiple alignments of the deduced amino acid sequences also showed that each type was characterized by specific amino acids: 7 for Type 1, 9 for Type 2, 4 for Type 4, and 3 for Type 8.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Protozoos/genética , Filogenia , Proteínas Protozoarias/genética , Theileria/clasificación , Theileria/genética , Theileriosis/parasitología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Bovinos , ADN Protozoario/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Variación Genética , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , República de Corea/epidemiología , Theileriosis/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The prevalence and distribution of six bee viruses was investigated in 527 Apis cerana samples which were collected from five provinces in South Korea. The most prevalent virus, black queen cell virus (BQCV), was present in 75.11% of 446 adult bee samples, followed by sacbrood virus (SBV) in 30.71%. Deformed wing virus (DWV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), and chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) were present at lower levels of 8.07%, 1.56%, and 0.44%, respectively. The most prevalent virus in 81 larvae samples was SBV, with an incidence of 60.49%, followed by BQCV in 48.14%, DWV in 6.17%, and KBV in 1.23% of samples. CBPV infection was not detected in larvae samples, and acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) was not present in both larvae and adult bee. Simultaneous infections with up to four viruses were also identified. Of these, infections with SBV and BQCV were most frequent in 25.61% of samples. The distribution of these viruses varied considerably throughout the geographic regions investigated. The three provinces of Gyeongbuk, Jeonnam, and Chungbuk had the highest frequency of bee viruses.