RESUMEN
The effect of tumbling time (5 h30, 19 h and 26 h) and raw ham quality (superior, inferior or mixed quality) on the quality of polyphosphate-free cooked ham was investigated. The water holding capacity and total yield of the polyphosphate-free tumbled hams were dependent on both tumbling time and ham quality. Higher values of both parameters were obtained with an increase in tumbling time from 5 h30 to 19 h and with superior hams. The exudate after 19 h and 26 h tumbling showed a higher gel forming ability compared to 5 h30, which, in case of polyphosphate-free cooked hams produced with mixed and inferior meat quality, resulted in a better sliceability (less holes). However, tumbling time did not affect hardness, which was only influenced by ham quality, resulting in a softer polyphosphate-free cooked ham produced with inferior ham quality compared to the other quality classes.
Asunto(s)
Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Calidad de los Alimentos , Productos de la Carne/análisis , Animales , Culinaria , Músculo Esquelético , Porcinos , Factores de Tiempo , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Shrimp paste is an important fermented commodity in the Philippines, but so far its quality parameters have hardly been characterized. In this study, paste samples procured in the province of Agusan del Norte, Philippines from three different traditional manufacturers and from a commercial supermarket were analyzed for their chemical composition. RESULTS: Both traditional and commercial shrimp pastes varied in their content of protein (12.9-15.3 g per 100 g), fat (0.50-1.94 g per 100 g), saturated fatty acids (32.6-39.1 g per 100 g fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)), monounsaturated fatty acids (15.1-18.7 g per 100 g FAME) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (30.7-40.8 g per 100 g FAME). Their pH ranged between 6.8 and 7.7. The samples were microbiologically stable owing to their low water activity (0.70-0.74) and high NaCl content (4.04-5.15 g per 100 g). Although all samples were processed in the same country and under similar conditions, differences were observed in some parameters: thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (2.32-5.03 µg malondialdehyde g(-1)), total non-protein nitrogen (3.07-5.15 g N per 100 g), free non-protein nitrogen (1.17-2.39 g N per 100 g), biogenic amines and mineral content. The biogenic amine index varied between 0 and 976 for the different samples; only one sample could be considered as class 1 quality. CONCLUSION: The results showed that there is a high variation in the quality of the product which could be linked to differences in the fermentation process and hygienic quality.