RESUMEN
The principal health problem in small ruminants is helminthiasis and the rapid development of nematode resistance to anthelminthics has limited the success of control in several countries, stimulating the search for alternatives. In this study, extracts of immature fruits of the mango Mangifera indica L. var Ubá were evaluated for inhibition of larval development and fecal egg count reduction in sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. In the phytochemical analyses, tannins and flavonoids were the metabolites identified. Aqueous extracts of immature fruits at 100 mg ml(-1) showed 100 % inhibition of larval development. The LC(90) of the extract was 35.9 mg ml(-1) and the in vivo anthelminthic efficacy at 0.740 g kg(-1) (BW, orally) was 53 %. The identification of larvae showed that 99.8 % were Haemonchus spp. In vitro and in vivo results indicate that this fruit could assist ovine nematode control.
Asunto(s)
Antihelmínticos/administración & dosificación , Tracto Gastrointestinal/parasitología , Haemonchus/efectos de los fármacos , Mangifera/química , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Animales , Antihelmínticos/aislamiento & purificación , Antihelmínticos/farmacología , Heces/parasitología , Hemoncosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Hemoncosis/parasitología , Hemoncosis/veterinaria , Haemonchus/aislamiento & purificación , Helmintiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Helmintiasis/parasitología , Enfermedades Intestinales/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Intestinales/parasitología , Enfermedades Intestinales/veterinaria , Parasitosis Intestinales , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/parasitologíaRESUMEN
A major problem faced in sheep rearing has been the rapid acquisition of anthelminthic-resistant populations of gastrointestinal nematodes. In the search for alternatives, aqueous extract of the peel of Caryocar brasiliense was evaluated for larval development inhibition, egg-hatching inhibition, and fecal nematode egg count reduction in sheep. For in vivo analysis, the doses were calculated according to a 10% lethal dose derived from acute toxicity tests in mice, and the efficacy was evaluated for two periods following oral administration of the extract. Egg-hatching inhibition at concentrations of 15 and 7.5 mg/ml was significantly higher than observed in negative controls with distilled water. For larval development inhibition, all concentrations showed anthelminthic activity significantly higher than controls and were not significantly different from ivermectin treatment. The LC(90) of larval development inhibition was 53.19 mg/ml. In vivo analysis for first and second weeks after treatment found 32.2% and 33% anthelminthic efficacy, respectively.