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The results of the investigations of photoaggregation of the main eye lens proteins alpha-, beta- and gamma-crystallins and the model protein carbonic anhydrase in response to pulsed irradiation by a XeCI laser at 308 nm in the wide range of pulse energy densities (w) and pulse repetition rates (F) have been reviewed. A nonlinear dependence of aggregation efficiency on the values of w, F, and the concentration of protein solution was found. A theoretical model that qualitatively describes the experimental results was developed. The aggregation of N-amino-arm truncated beta A3-crystallin was analyzed. It was found that the loss of the N-amino-arm as a result of mutation or eye lens aging increases the probability of UV-induced beta-crystallin aggregation, thereby increasing the predisposition of eye lens to senile cataract. The influence of some short-chain peptides on the aggregation efficiency of beta-crystallin and beta-crystallin in solution with alpha-crystallin was investigated. Based on the results obtained, a combination of peptides (called "a new preparation") was found that most effectively delays the crystallin aggregation. The preparation has been probed on experimental animals. The trials showed that the preparation increases the delay in the development of UV-induced cataract in rats. The possibility of designing a drug for the prophylaxis of the development of cataract in humans based on this preparation is discussed.

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UV-induced aggregation of betaL-crystallin, one of the major lens proteins, was studied under its pulse radiation with XeCl laser at a wavelength of 308 nm. Unlike the in vitro tested dipeptides L-carnosine, N-acetyl carnosine, D-panthetine, and particularly their combination, the so-called new chaperon was demonstrated to slow down the rate of photoaggregatin of beta-crystallin. The new chaperon, a mixture of D-pathethine and N-acetyl carnosine was ascertained to protect a mixture of betaL- and alpha-crystallins from UV-induced aggregation to a greater extent than D-pathethine or N-acetyl carnosine used alone. An effective drug based on the new chaperon may be designed for the prevention of cataract in sight.

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There is a potential of therapeutic action on certain stages of caractogenesis, in particular on the aggregation of water-soluble proteins of cytoplasmic lens fiber cells, giving rise to insoluble protein complexes. The effect of a combined preparation (N-acetyl carnosine and D-patethine), acting by the chaperon-like mechanism, was studied in vivo on a prolonged rat model of UV-induced cataract. The use of the combined preparation consisting of a mixture of peptides of N-acetyl carnosine and D-patethine in a ratio of 1:1 as ocular instillations and intraperitoneal injections could slow down the development of UV-induced cataract in vivo. Pathomorphological studies suggest that the combined preparation has a protective effect on lens tissue when the rat model of UV-induced cataract is employed.

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Blood serum ferritin levels were measured by indirect hemagglutination test in patients with diseases of the liver, bile duct, and gastrointestinal tract. Ferritin levels were found increased in the majority of patients, though to a different measure. Its concentrations were the highest in patients with virus hepatitis A, cirrhosis of the liver, and reactive nonspecific hepatitis, normalizing in the course of treatment, These data prompt the use of ferritin measurements in the diagnosis, monitoring the course of treatment, and prediction of the outcomes of acute and chronic diseases of the liver, bile duct, and gastrointestinal tract.

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Alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPD) and succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activities were investigated in lymphocytes from peripheral blood of normal rats and rats bearing the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma. Computer analysis using an original algorithm revealed a hierarchy of biorhythmic patterns of dehydrogenase activities. In all rats, mean SD activity was higher than mean alpha-GPD activity. In rats without tumor, SD and alpha-GPD activities were both higher than in rats with the Walker tumor. Biorhythm spectra for both dehydrogenases were very similar in rats with or without tumor, but tumor implantation resulted in a change of the phase relationship between alpha-GPD and SD.

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The concentration of total, free and bound cholesterol in the blood serum of 13 intact Chinchilla male rabbits was determined in two four-month experiments carried out in 1973-1974 and in 1984-1985 during a "minimum" phase of an 11-year solar activity cycle. A hierarchy of ten cholesterol biorhythms and solar activity rhythms were singled out on a computer, using an original algorithm, in the individual changes in cholesterol concentration in each rabbit and in changes in seven environmental indexes. A statistical stability of the frequency and phase of low-frequency cholesterol biorhythms and solar activity rhythms has been established within an 11-year period, the fluctuation amplitude of the indexes studied being, on the contrary, statistically unstable.

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Experiments on guinea pigs and adrenalectomized mice showed that the anaphylactogenic properties xenogenic immunoglobulin preparations were 2- to 2.5-fold higher than those of antitoxic sera "Diaferm-3". The partial acid-enzymatic hydrolysis of immunoglobulin preparations obtained by ethanol fractionation permitted a considerable decrease in their sensitizing activity and anticomplementary properties.

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