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Background: Considering the concerns of obesity problems, Mumbai Police authorities had launched full-day residential "Healthy Living Training Program" in February 2019 for obese policemen. We studied the effectiveness of the program by assessing health profile of the participants, and change in anthropometric measurements and blood pressure readings. Methods and Materials: Permission from the concerned authorities and approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) were taken. Health profiles of 143 policemen were assessed. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure recordings were done on the first and the last day of the 28-day program. The data were coded and entered in password-protected Microsoft Excel. Paired t-test was applied to test statistically significant differences. The association of some of the variables with weight change was assessed by the Chi-square test for categorical variables. Results: The mean age of participants was 49.6 ± 5 years. The proportion of hypertensive, diabetics, vision problems, and bone and joint problems were 48.2%, 23.2%, 57.1%, and 46.4%, respectively. Only 70% of them had home-cooked food in the lunch. Daily, 50% of the participants do physical activity. There was statistically significant weight reduction (105.6 ± 12.1s vs. 103.3 ± 12 kg), body mass index (BMI) (36.3 ± 3.4 vs. 35.5 ± 3.3), waist circumference (110.8 ± 7.9 vs. 109.5 ± 7.9), and hip circumference (115.6 ± 8.1 vs. 106.8 ± 15.0) of the participants after 28 days of training program. Conclusion: "Healthy Living Training Program" was effective in reducing weight, blood pressure, BMI, and waist and hip circumference. The program benefitted the participants by inculcating healthy lifestyles and raising awareness of health issues.
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BACKGROUND: At the beginning of the pandemic, quarantine was thought to be the most effective way to contain the spread of the virus among international travelers and any potential carriers. OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the type of quarantine, compliance to quarantine measures (QM), mood, and any social stigma faced during that period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After approval from the institutional ethics committee, a telephonic interview survey was conducted. Individuals above 18 years of age visiting the only functioning COVID-19 screening outpatient department at Kasturba Hospital between March 1, 2020, and March 10, 2020 were included in the study. A total of 263 individuals were interviewed. RESULTS: Out of 263 respondents, 71% and 34% of individuals had a history of international travel and contact history, respectively. Only 63% had read the guidelines on home QM. Among individuals quarantined, 127 that living alone in their apartments, 60 were in a single room with relatives outside, 37 were living with family members because they did not have another room, and 39 were staying in a facility quarantine center. On assessing the QM followed, wearing a mask was the least followed (46%). The average score of compliance to QM was 82.6%. Seventy-two per cent rated their mood as "5" on a scale of 1-10. Social stigma was reported by 7.6% of respondents. CONCLUSION: Among the early set of quarantined individuals in the city during the first wave of the pandemic, average score of compliance to QM was high even though lesser people recalled reading the guideline on home QM.
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COVID-19 , Cuarentena , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Cuarentena/psicología , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , India/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estigma Social , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto Joven , Pandemias , AdolescenteRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of first-degree relatives (FDRs) with celiac disease detected at screening and diagnostic significance of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 104 patients with a diagnosis of celiac disease and their FDRs, collecting data from electronic records of Mayo Clinic and celiac disease registry from December 20, 1983, to May 22, 2017. We collected demographics, presenting symptoms, indication for testing, family history, number of other family members screened, biopsy reports, and results of serologic tests. RESULTS: Of 477 FDRs identified, 360 were screened (mean screening rate per family, 79%±25%) and 160 FDRs (44.4%) were diagnosed with celiac disease, at a mean age 31.9±21.6 years (62% female). All diagnosed FDRs had positive anti-TTG titers. Clinical features were documented in 148 diagnosed FDRs, of those 9 (6%) had classic, 97 (66%) had non-classic symptoms, and 42(28%) had no reported symptoms. Histology reports were available from 155 FDRs: 12 (8%) had Marsh 1, 77 (50%) had Marsh 3a, and 66 (43%) had Marsh 3b. A level of anti-TTG greater than or equal to 2.75 of the upper limit of normal identified FDRs with villous atrophy with 87% sensitivity, 82% specificity, and a positive predictive value of 95%. CONCLUSION: In a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with celiac disease, we found a high prevalence of celiac disease among screened FDRs. High anti-TTG titers associated with villous atrophy on small bowel biopsies, irrespective of symptoms.
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Enfermedad Celíaca/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Celíaca/epidemiología , Familia , Proteínas de Unión al GTP/metabolismo , Sistema de Registros , Transglutaminasas/metabolismo , Centros Médicos Académicos , Adolescente , Adulto , Biopsia con Aguja , Enfermedad Celíaca/inmunología , Niño , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Prevalencia , Pronóstico , Proteína Glutamina Gamma Glutamiltransferasa 2 , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Patients with autoimmune disorders (ADs) are at increased risk for celiac disease (CD), but data are conflicting on the risk of ADs in treated patients with CD. We aimed to assess the incidence of ADs in treated patients with CD. METHODS: Using the Rochester Epidemiology Project, we retrospectively searched for the medical records at Mayo Clinic and Olmsted Medical Center from January 1997 to December 2015 for patients with CD who met accepted diagnostic criteria. For each patient with CD, we identified 2 age and sex-matched controls during the same study period. The incidence rate of AD diagnosis 5 years after index date was calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis for the CD cases and controls and compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS: We identified 249 treated patients with CD during the study period and 498 matched controls, with mean (standard deviation) ages of 32 (22) years and 33 (22) years, respectively. One third of patients (nâ=â85) and controls (nâ=â170) were boys. Five years after the index date, 5.0% of patients with CD and 1.3% of controls had a de novo AD diagnosis (Pâ=â0.006). In the presence of a prior AD, the cumulative risk of a de novo or additional AD was significantly higher in the CD group compared with controls (Pâ<â0.001). Children had a significantly higher risk of AD development compared with adults (Pâ=â0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Treated patients with CD are at higher risk for the development of ADs. The risk of a new AD is higher in children, especially when >1 AD diagnosis exists.