RESUMEN
Abstract Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, people have experienced sudden changes in their lives, especially in their work dynamics. In this context, the balance of positive and negative affective experiences can influence workers' job satisfaction. Objectives: Explore the levels of job satisfaction, related to positive and negative affect, in a group of Latin American workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The sample included 594 Latin American workers (M = 38, aged between 18 and 60; SD = 10.47), of both sexes, who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire online and two psychological measures of affect and job satisfaction. Ward's hierarchical cluster analysis and K-means were used as methods. Results: Four worker groups were identified: Group 1, high levels of positive and negative affect with high job satisfaction; Group 2, low levels of positive and negative affect with low job satisfaction; Group 3, high levels of positive affect and low levels of negative affect with high job satisfaction; Group 4, low levels of positive affect and high levels of negative affect with low job satisfaction. Conclusions: Groups with high levels of positive affect experienced high job satisfaction, while groups with high or low levels of negative affect and low levels of positive affect experienced low job satisfaction.
Resumen Introducción: Durante la pandemia de la COVID-19, las personas experimentaron repentinos cambios en sus vidas, especialmente en su dinámica laboral. En este contexto, el balance de las experiencias afectivas positivas y negativas pueden influir en la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores. Objetivos: explorar los niveles de satisfacción laboral, en relación con los afectos positivos y afectos negativos, en un grupo de trabajadores latinoamericanos durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: La muestra consistió en 594 trabajadores latinoamericanos (M = 38, entre 18 y 60 años; DE = 10.47), de ambos sexos, quienes respondieron de forma online un cuestionario sociodemográfico y dos medidas psicológicas de afectos y satisfacción laboral. Como método, fue usado el análisis jerárquico de grupos de Ward y el K-medias. Resultados: Se identificaron cuatro grupos de trabajadores: Grupo 1, niveles altos de afectos positivos y afectos negativos con alta satisfacción laboral; Grupo 2, niveles bajos de afectos positivos y afectos negativos con baja satisfacción laboral; Grupo 3, altos niveles de afectos positivos y bajos niveles de afectos negativos con alta satisfacción laboral; Grupo 4, bajos niveles de afectos positivos y altos niveles de afectos negativos con baja satisfacción laboral. Conclusión: Los grupos que experimentaron altos niveles de afectos positivos presentaron una alta satisfacción laboral, mientras que los grupos con altos o bajos niveles de afectos negativos y bajos afectos positivos manifestaron una baja satisfacción laboral.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: People with good health knowledge present a conceptual and objective appropriation of general and specific health topics, increasing their probability to express health protection and prevention measures. The main objective of this study was to conduct a rapid systematic review about the effects of health knowledge on the adoption of health behaviors and attitudes in populations under pandemic emergencies. METHODS: A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA checklist and the Cochrane method for rapid systematic reviews. Studies searches were performed in APA PsycNet, Embase, Cochrane Library and PubMed Central. Studies published between January 2009 and June 2020 and whose primary results reported a measure of interaction between health knowledge, health attitudes and behaviors in population groups during pandemics were included. A review protocol was recorded in PROSPERO (CRD42020183347). RESULTS: Out of a total of 5791 studies identified in the databases, 13 met the inclusion criteria. The included studies contain a population of 26099 adults, grouped into cohorts of health workers, university students, clinical patients, and the general population. Health knowledge has an important influence on the adoption of health behaviors and attitudes in pandemic contexts. CONCLUSIONS: The consolidation of these preventive measures favors the consolidation of public rapid responses to infection outbreaks. Findings of this review indicate that health knowledge notably favors adoption of health behaviors and practices. Therefore, health knowledge based on clear and objective information would help them understand and adopt rapid responses to face a pandemic.