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Background: Statins play a vital role in the management of high-risk patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two doses of 40 and 80 mg of atorvastatin on lipid profiles and inflammatory markers among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Materials and Methods: This single-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients with ACS referred to Heshmatiyeh Hospital, Sabzevar, Iran. Eligible subjects were randomly assigned to either 80 mg/day (atorvastatin, 80 mg/day) or 40 mg/day intervention (atorvastatin, 40 mg/day) groups. Serum lipid profiles (low-density lipoprotein [LDL], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], triglyceride [TG], and total cholesterol), an inflammatory marker (creatine phosphokinase [CPK]), and liver function biomarkers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase) were assessed before starting treatment and 3 months later. Results: According to the paired t-test, there was a significant difference before and after intervention in each group regarding mean LDL and HDL values (P < 0.05). The result of the ANCOVA test revealed that the LDL and CPK was substantially lower in the 80 mg/day group as compared to the 40 mg/day group after 3-month intervention (62.45 ± 16.78 mg for 80 mg/day vs. 73.63 ± 20.00 for 40 mg/day P = 0.040 and 84.85 ± 6.53 IU/L for 80 mg/day vs. 120.70 ± 6.41 IU/L for 40 mg/day P = 0.001, respectively). Although the mean of HDL, TG, and cholesterol in the 80 mg/day group was lower than that of the 40 mg/day group after implementing the intervention, these differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Findings suggest that increasing the dose of atorvastatin decreases the mean serum levels of LDL and CPK but has no effect on the mean serum HDL levels and liver function biomarkers.

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The aim of the current randomized control trial (RCT) study was to investigate the effects of fenugreek seed extract on memory, depression, quality of life, blood pressure, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in adult AD patients. This randomized clinical trial was conducted in geriatric homes in Iran. The study participants included 82 AD patients with mild-to-moderate memory deficit. Patients in the intervention group received 5 cc of fenugreek seed extract for 4 months and subjects in the control group received a placebo. Memory, depression, quality of life, and BP levels, as well as serum MDA and TAC, were assessed before and after the intervention. There was a significant increase in serum levels of TAC (p < 0.001) and a reduction in serum MDA status (p < 0.001) after 4 months of fenugreek seed extract supplementation. In addition, increasing levels of memory (p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.001), as well as reduction of depression (p = 0.002), systolic BP (p < 0.001), and diastolic BP (p < 0.001) levels were detected in the intervention group compared with baseline. Fenugreek seed extract supplementation in AD patients shows promising positive effects on memory, quality of life, BP, and selective oxidative indices levels.

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OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 has been introduced by the World Health Organization as a health emergency worldwide. Up to 9% of the patients with COVID-19 may be readmitted by 2 months after discharge. This study aimed to estimate the readmission rate and identify main risk factors for readmission in these patients. In this prospective study, 416 discharged COVID patients followed up with a minimum 1 month and the readmission rate was recorded. Evaluated characteristics included time of readmission, age and sex, main symptoms of disease, result of computed tomography scan, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test and treatment modalities. RESULTS: Regarding readmission, 51 patients of 416 discharged patients, was readmitted during the study period. The rate of readmission for 30 and 60 days after discharge was 7.6% and 8.1%, respectively. The median age of the readmitted patients was 67 years (IQR: 53-78). About 65% of readmitted patients had underlying disease. The most significant factor in readmission rate was related to the site of lung involvement (OR > 4). Age over 60 years, underlying disease especially diabetes (OR = 3.43), high creatinine level (≥ to 1.2 mg/dl) (OR = 2.15) were the most important predictors of readmission.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Unintended pregnancy, as a pregnancy that is mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception, is a common experience worldwide that puts mothers at risk for mental stress and its pregnancy complications. The aim of this study was to compare three common pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, preterm labor, and low birth weight, between unintended and intended pregnancies in Sabzevar, northeast Iran in 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective follow-up study was conducted on 200 pregnant women (100 intended and 100 unintended pregnancies) who were between 18 and 35 years old and were referred for delivery to Shahidan Mobini Hospital, Sabzevar, Iran. Data were collected using a questionnaire and the subjects were recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Preeclampsia, preterm labor, and low birth weight were recorded after delivery and were statistically analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS software) version 22 at the statistical significance of <0.05. RESULTS: The mean age and gravidity was significantly higher in the unintended pregnancy group compared to intended pregnancy group. The most common complication overall was low birth weight (25% of unintended and 16% of the intended pregnancies) followed by preterm labor (12% of unintended and 11% of intended pregnancies) and preeclampsia (5% of unintended and 1% of intended pregnancies). No significant relationship was found between the time of delivery and type of pregnancy (P = 0.50). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated that unintended pregnancy can be a risk factor for pregnancy complications including preeclampsia and low birth weight and that sophisticated monitoring should be performed for better management of these complications.