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CONTEXT: Enterococcus faecalis is the most common bacteria found in infected root canals. AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the mono instrument (wave-one®) on the reduction of E. faecalis in root canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two human monoroot teeth were used. After sterilization by autoclave, the teeth were infected by E. faecalis and incubated for 24 h. Each tooth underwent sampling before and after the root canal shaping. After serial dilution, samples were incubated, and colony-forming units were counted. RESULTS: The mono instrument technique reduced infection by E. faecalis in root canals of 30 teeth. The mean bacterial load (log10) was 3.98 before treatment and 1.20 after treatment. The paired t-test showed a significant mean difference (log10) of the bacterial load before and after treatment (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study found that the mono instrument (Wave One®) significantly decreases bacterial load in root canals. However, the instrument alone is not enough to eradicate infections; thus, the use of a complementary antimicrobial is required.

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AIM: Dental surgeons must be aware of the most appropriate endodontic treatments and how to properly conduct them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of dental surgeons in Burkina Faso in terms of endodontic treatment procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed during the regular annual conference of the National Board of Dental Surgeons of Burkina Faso, held on February 27 and 28, 2015 in Ouagadougou, through a questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 33 practitioners took part (52.4% of the dental surgeons of Burkina Faso) in the study. The majority of them (90.9%) used sodium hypochlorite as their preferred irrigation solution. Nearly half of the dental surgeons (48.5%) did not know how to use a permeabilization file, and most did not make use of nickel-titanium (NiTi) mechanized instruments (78.8%) or rubber dams (93.9%). Approximately two-thirds of participants did not perform file-in-place radiography (66.7%) or control radiography of the canal obturation (63.6%). The adjusted single-cone technique was the most commonly used (87.9%). CONCLUSION: This study highlights that the majority of dental surgeons in Burkina Faso are not using the currently recommended endodontic procedures to perform obturations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Dental surgeons in Burkina Faso must commit to regularly upgrading their knowledge and techniques. Key words: Burkina faso, Cross-sectional study, Dental surgeons, Endodontic treatments, Protocol adherence.

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INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the shaping ability of two single-file systems and conventional rotary instruments in severely curved root canals of extracted human molars. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Mesiobuccal canals of 120 mandibular molars with angles of curvature ranging between 25(°) and 35(°) and radii of curvature from 5 to 9 mm, were divided into three groups (n=40). In each group the canals were instrumented with either WaveOne (W), Reciproc (R) or ProTaper (P). The time required for canal shaping and the frequency of broken instruments were recorded. The standardized pre and post-instrumentation radiographs were taken to determine changes in working length (WL) and straightening of canal curvature. The presence of blockage or perforation was also evaluated. Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey's test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: Both single-instrument systems reduced the canal preparation time by approximately 50% (P<0.05). No incidence of broken instruments from single-file systems was reported; however, two F2 instruments in the P group were broken (P<0.05). Reduction in WL and straightening of canal curvature was observed in all three systems with the highest scores belonging to P system (P<0.05). No case of blockage or perforation was found during shaping in any group. CONCLUSION: Single-file systems shaped curved canals with substantial saving in time and a significant decrease in incidence of instrument separation, change in WL, and straightening of canal curvature.