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Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón de 38 años deedad con antecedente de estenosis pulmonar como hallazgo,asintomática y sin tratamiento, que se confirmó enla exploración física. Se muestran Rx Tórax, TAC torácica y ecodoppler cardiológico.Se analizan las características radiológicas de la estenosis pulmonar y la habitual asociación de ésta con crecimiento de las ramas principales de la arteria pulmonar.Se establece diagnóstico diferencial entre las diversas entidades responsables de agrandamiento hiliar izquierdo

A case of 38 years old man with pulmonary stenosis finding, without traitment and no symtomatology we present. Chest Radiographs, Thoracic TAC and echocardiography has shown.The radiologic features to the pulmonary stenosis and theasociation with enlargement of the main branches pulmonary artery were analysed.We reviewed the different entities responsible of enlargement left hilar

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Four males aged 20-37 years (three drug addicts and one with a congenital mixed pulmonary valve lesion) were diagnosed in 1989, 1991 and 1993 with pulmonary valve endocarditis without tricuspid infection. Three patients were positive for hepatitis B, C or both, and one patient was HIV-positive. The predominant organism in blood cultures was Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic treatment of pulmonary valve endocarditis had failed; thus partial or total valvectomies were performed. Postoperatively, all patients were cured of infection and initial recovery was good. At mid-term follow up (5-10 years) there were no recurrences, and tolerance of the resultant pulmonary insufficiency was good. Slight to severe tricuspid valve insufficiency developed, together with right ventricular dilatation, in all cases. Hepatomegaly was apparent in two cases and peripheral edema in one. Despite treatment, the latter patient remained in moderate right ventricular failure, and may require homograft valve replacement. The other three patients remained in good clinical condition. Eradication of the infection was achieved in all patients. It is concluded that pulmonary valve resection is the treatment of choice for pulmonary valve endocarditis when antibiotic treatment has failed. Complete resection of all affected tissue should be performed in these cases. Analysis of preoperative data did not permit differentiation of those patients likely to develop right heart failure.

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A rare case of intimal sarcoma of the left pulmonary artery, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy and treated by pneumonectomy, is presented. Survival was nearly 4 years and the patient died as the result of attempted resection of a local recurrence. The literature is reviewed.

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A nineteen-year-old male was diagnosed as having a foreign body in his cardiac muscle after a mild open thoracic injury. Diagnosis and follow-up was performed by two-dimensional echocardiography. He did not show any complications after a 6 month follow-up. We emphasize the rare presentation of this entity and the usefulness of echocardiography to attain the foreign body's size and place. Also, echocardiography helps therapeutic management and diagnosis of complications.

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The cases of 6 patients who had ventricular wall rupture after isolated mitral valve replacement and were seen in our service are reviewed. In the first 2, the main lesion was mitral stenosis and calcification was severe. Injury to the ventricular myocardium during removal of the valve was the causative factor in 1 and the most likely explanation in the other. In the other 4 patients, the dominant lesion was insufficiency. Calcium was absent, and fibrosis of the valves was minimal. Defects of technique were not obvious. All perforations were beneath the annulus. The first of these 4 latter patients underwent operation just after cardioplegic solutions were introduced for myocardial protection in our service. During that period, the incidence of ventricular wall rupture was 7.3% for mitral valve replacement (55 patients). Causing 3 deaths, it became the most important mortality factor. After reviewing the problem, we decided to change our technique by leaving practically all the posterior leaflet and most of the chords intact and placing sutures through fibrous tissue only, never into muscle, as had already been suggested. Since then, we have not seen another rupture in 23 valve replacements.

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Five patients who had infected cardiac pacemakers with epicardial electrodes have been managed by exteriorization of the pulse generator and placement of an endocardial unit. In each case the remaining electrode leads where detached from the myocardium and removed by simple traction, avoiding a surgical procedure. In 4 patients, sets of cables had been sutured to the myocardium through an anterior thoracotomy, in some instances using Teflon pledgets as buttresses. In one of these procedures a pericostal suture had been used to secure the leads from the thoracic cavity against the ribs. The remaining patient had received a subxiphoid pacemaker also implanted with sutures. This is a consecutive series, and we have had no failures so far. All pulse generator units were bipolar and located beneath either the pectoral or the rectus muscle. All of them were functioning properly when infection was diagnosed. This procedure constitutes an alternative method of management when more conservative techniques, such as closed irrigation and debridement, cannot be utilized.

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