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Introducción: Aunque la introspección es un concepto fundamental en psiquiatría, no tiene una definición precisa. Para estudiar y entender mejor este fenómeno se ha usado ampliamente la Escala para Evaluación de Introspección-Expandida (SAI-E), porque es de fácil aplicación y ha demostrado buenas propiedades psicométricas. Objetivo: Validar la SAI-E para su uso en pacientes con trastornos psiquiátricos de Colombia. Método: La SAI-E fue traducida y retrotraducida por expertos en inglés y español, y dichas traducciones fueron revisadas por psiquiatras con experiencia en psicopatología y psicosis. Luego, la escala fue aplicada a 146 pacientes hospitalizados con diagnósticos de esquizofrenia, trastorno esquizoafectivo, trastorno afectivo bipolar y episodio depresivo mayor. Resultados: Se obtuvo una versión clara y clínicamente útil, fácil de aplicar por parte de profesionales de la salud mental. Esta versión mostró una adecuada consistencia interna, reproducibilidad prueba-reprueba e interevaluador, y sensibilidad al cambio. En el análisis factorial exploratorio se encontraron tres dominios (conciencia de enfermedad, conciencia de los síntomas y aceptación del tratamiento farmacológico), similares a los propuestos por los autores originales de la SAI-E. Conclusión: La versión para Colombia de la SAI-E tiene buenas propiedades psicométricas. Su uso en investigación puede contribuir a un mejor entendimiento transcultural de las alteraciones de la introspección entre pacientes psiquiátricos...

Introduction: Although insight is a crucial concept in psychiatry, its precise definition remains elusive. The Scale for the Assessment of Insight Expanded Version (SAI-E) is a scale that has been widely used and has demonstrated good psychometric properties and it is easy to apply. Objective: To validate the SAI-E for its use among patients with psychiatric disorders from Colombia. Methods: the SAI-E was translated and backtranslated by experts in English and Spanish languages and the translations was reviewed by psychiatrists with expertise in psychopathology and psychoses. Then, the scale was applied to 146 inpatients with the following diagnoses: schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder and major depressive episode. Results: A clear, concise and clinically useful version was obtained. It was easy to apply by mental health professionals after a brief training period. It showed good internal consistency, test-retestand inter-rater reproducibility validity, and responsiveness. The existence of three principal domains of insight (illness awareness, symptom awareness, and pharmacological treatment acceptance) was found in the exploratory factor analysis and it is in agreement with the components of insight proposed by the original authors of the SAI-E. Conclusion: The Colombian version of the SAI-E scale has good psychometric properties. Its use for research in Colombian populations can contribute to a better cross-cultural understanding of insight disturbances among psychiatric patients...

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of a 12 months antipsychotic monotherapy treatment with Olanzapine, risperidone and an atypical antipsychotic drug in Latin American patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: The outcomes of effectiveness and tolerability were evaluated in outpatients with schizophrenia belonging to a large sample (N=7658) in a prospective, international trial carried out in 27 countries. The results for the population of Latin America were presented. RESULTS: The probabilities of response were higher for Olanzapine than Risperidone and the atypical antipsychotic drugs. (p < or = 0.05) and for risperidone compared with the atypical antipsychotic drugs. (p < or = 0.05). Olanzapine was better tolerated as regarding the extrapiramidals symptoms and the sexual disfunction, although it was associated to a higher weight gain, as compared to the other groups of the trial. CONCLUSION: the trial indicated that in the Latin American patients with schizophrenia, it is likely that Olanzapine induces clinical responses and has lower incidences on side effects, when compared with risperidone or atypical antipsychotic drugs.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of a 12 months antipsychotic monotherapy treatment with Olanzapine, risperidone and an atypical antipsychotic drug in Latin American patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: The outcomes of effectiveness and tolerability were evaluated in outpatients with schizophrenia belonging to a large sample (N=7658) in a prospective, international trial carried out in 27 countries. The results for the population of Latin America were presented. RESULTS: The probabilities of response were higher for Olanzapine than Risperidone and the atypical antipsychotic drugs. (p < or = 0.05) and for risperidone compared with the atypical antipsychotic drugs. (p < or = 0.05). Olanzapine was better tolerated as regarding the extrapiramidals symptoms and the sexual disfunction, although it was associated to a higher weight gain, as compared to the other groups of the trial. CONCLUSION: the trial indicated that in the Latin American patients with schizophrenia, it is likely that Olanzapine induces clinical responses and has lower incidences on side effects, when compared with risperidone or atypical antipsychotic drugs.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of a 12 months antipsychotic monotherapy treatment with Olanzapine, risperidone and an atypical antipsychotic drug in Latin American patients with schizophrenia. METHOD: The outcomes of effectiveness and tolerability were evaluated in outpatients with schizophrenia belonging to a large sample (N=7658) in a prospective, international trial carried out in 27 countries. The results for the population of Latin America were presented. RESULTS: The probabilities of response were higher for Olanzapine than Risperidone and the atypical antipsychotic drugs. (p < or = 0.05) and for risperidone compared with the atypical antipsychotic drugs. (p < or = 0.05). Olanzapine was better tolerated as regarding the extrapiramidals symptoms and the sexual disfunction, although it was associated to a higher weight gain, as compared to the other groups of the trial. CONCLUSION: the trial indicated that in the Latin American patients with schizophrenia, it is likely that Olanzapine induces clinical responses and has lower incidences on side effects, when compared with risperidone or atypical antipsychotic drugs.