RESUMEN
A serological study was undertaken to investigate infections in active-duty United States soldiers with illnesses characterized by prolonged, afebrile, nonproductive coughs. Fifty-four soldiers were enrolled with such illness of >/=2 weeks' duration (case patients) along with 55 well soldiers (control subjects). Serum samples were tested for IgG and IgA antibody to 3 Bordetella pertussis antigens, pertussis agglutinins, IgM antibodies to Mycoplasma pneumoniae, IgM and IgG antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae, and IgM antibody to adenoviruses. Forty-six case patients (85%) had evidence of recent infection with Bordetella species, M. pneumoniae, or C. pneumoniae, and many had evidence of mixed infections; there were 27 Bordetella species, 20 C. pneumoniae, and 33 M. pneumoniae recent infections. Fifteen case patients had high titers of IgG or IgA to B. pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin without high titers of antibodies to other B. pertussis antigens, which suggested the presence of cross-reacting antibodies to M. pneumoniae and perhaps C. pneumoniae or unidentified infectious agent or agents. Since illnesses due to Bordetella species, M. pneumoniae, and C. pneumoniae can all be treated with macrolide antibiotics and B. pertussis illness can be prevented by immunization, and since military readiness was affected in 63% of the cases, it seems important to conduct further studies in military populations.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Infecciones Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Tos/microbiología , Personal Militar , Infecciones por Adenovirus Humanos/diagnóstico , Adenovirus Humanos/inmunología , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Bordetella pertussis/inmunología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Infecciones por Chlamydia/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Chlamydia/microbiología , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Corea (Geográfico) , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/inmunología , Neumonía por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Neumonía por Mycoplasma/microbiología , Estados Unidos , Tos Ferina/microbiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine accuracy of group B streptococcal culture swabs immediately inoculated after sampling compared with swabs transported to the laboratory and inoculated subsequently. METHODS: Lower genital tract specimens were collected by sweeping two rayon-tipped swabs across the lower vagina and rectum of gravidas at 35-37 weeks' gestation. One swab was placed immediately in selective growth medium (immediate inoculation group). The other was placed in standard transport media, sent routinely to the clinical laboratory, and transferred subsequently to selective growth medium within 2 hours (delayed inoculation group). RESULTS: Matched specimens were collected from 374 women during the study period. Ninety-three women had positive cultures, a colonization rate of 24.9%. Concordant results were found in 364 of 374 (97.3%). Six women had negative results by the immediate method but positive by the delayed method, and four women had positive immediate cultures but negative by the delayed method. There was no statistically significant difference between the two methods in the detection of positive cultures. CONCLUSION: Use of immediate inoculation instead of delayed inoculation in culturing group B streptococcus specimens does not result in an improved detection rate.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Recto/microbiología , Manejo de Especímenes/métodos , Streptococcus agalactiae/aislamiento & purificación , Vagina/microbiología , Medios de Cultivo , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Five hundred twenty-five random clean catch urine specimens, collected from 339 adult females, 137 adult males, and 49 pediatric patients, were screened for the presence of bacteriuria with the Uriscreen catalase test and with the Chemstrip 2 LN dipstick. Quantitative cultures were performed on all specimens. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the catalase test, with 10(5) CFU/ml as the threshold for significant bacteriuria, were 91.3%, 72.3%, 33.7%, and 98.0%, respectively. Values for the dipstick were 83.9%, 77.9%, 43.7%, and 96.0%. When 10(4) CFU/ml was used as the threshold, the catalase test had a sensitivity of 89.2%, specificity of 70.4%, positive predictive value of 37.3%, and a negative predictive value of 97.0%. Values for the dipstick at that level were 82.3%, 77.5%, 48.6%, and 94.8%. While the catalase test was more sensitive than the dipstick, it was our opinion that high rates of false-negatives associated with these methods negated the convenience of these fast and simple urine screens.
Asunto(s)
Bacteriuria/diagnóstico , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , Catalasa/orina , Niño , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Esterasas/orina , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Femenino , Humanos , Leucocitos/química , Leucocitos/enzimología , Masculino , Nitritos/orina , Valor Predictivo de las PruebasRESUMEN
Preoperative eyes which had been treated with gentamicin for one-half day were subjected to one of two povidone-iodine (PI) preparations. The control eye was prepared using a previously described 5% PI one-drop technique, while the paired eye was irrigated with a 0.02% PI solution. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures were taken of each eye before and after PI applications. Statistical analysis of the data indicates that both techniques were equally effective in reducing surface colonization of the anaerobic cocci and bacilli, the viridans streptococci and micrococci. Both methods were also equally ineffective in reducing the numbers of coagulase-negative staphylococci from the surface of the eye. With the apparent emergence of gentamicin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci the potential for staphylococcal endophthalmitis is increasing.
Asunto(s)
Endoftalmitis/prevención & control , Oftalmopatías/cirugía , Personal Militar , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Povidona Yodada/administración & dosificación , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Endoftalmitis/microbiología , Oftalmopatías/microbiología , Humanos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/microbiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/prevención & control , Irrigación TerapéuticaRESUMEN
The AutoMicrobic System GSC Plus Card was compared to a broth microdilution reference method. Of 1660 minimum inhibitory concentration pairs, 86.1% were within 1 log2 dilution range. A total of 89.2% of the GSC Plus results agreed qualitatively (susceptible, moderately susceptible, resistant). If chloramphenicol data are excluded, agreement is 88.8% and 89.9%, respectively. A total of only 0.90% results were very major or major discrepancies. This is significantly fewer major discrepancies than reported with other systems.